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1、Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note李仕才【閱讀理解插花】Some of us feel well-rested after a solid eight hours of sleep. For others, closer to nine feels best. For others still, a little less will do. How much sleep we prefer to get is highly subjective. But how much sleep we need is a bit more concrete. “Sleep

2、 time was one of the most visited pages on the NSF website, but it wasnt really clear how those recommendations had been arrived at. ” Max Hirshkowitz, a sleep expert said. To reassure that the information provided there was the most accurate and up to date, a group of 18 experts conducted a formal

3、literature review. They focused on the body of research surrounding sleep duration in healthy human subjects that had been published in peer-reviewed journals between 2004 and 2014. Then they were able to fine-tune existing sleep duration recommendations as detailed below: Newborns (0-3 months): 14-

4、17 hours (range narrowed from 12-18)Infants (4-11 months): 12-15 hours (range widened from 14-15)Toddlers (1-2 years): 11-14 hours (range widened from 12-14)Preschoolers (3-5): 10-13 hours (range widened from 11-13)School-age Children (6-13): 9-11 hours (range widened from 10-11)Teenagers (14-17): 8

5、-10 hours (range widened from 8. 5-9. 5)Young Adults (18-25): 7-9 hours (new age category)Adults (26-64): 7-9 hours (no change)“Its the first time that any professional organization has developed age-specific recommended sleep durations” Hirshkowitz said, “Its not an exact science, but its a start.

6、Like most things, its successive approximation that gets you to the goal. The first time somebody built a wristwatch, it wasnt very good, but after hundreds of years of making precise changes, to have a timepiece that doesnt tell time is pretty unusual. ” As more and more research is conducted aroun

7、d sleep duration, subsequent minor changes will be made, he said, helping experts to zero in on the absolute best recommendations to give to patients. 【文章大意】本文中作者介紹了一些專家通過對發(fā)表在2004年到2014年期間雜志上對人們需要多長時間的睡眠給出的科學依據(jù)。1. What can we know from the first paragraph? A. The sleep we need is different from pers

8、on to person. B. The sleep we need is inaccurate in amount. C. The sleep we need is uncertain in length. D. The sleep we need is unimportant in significance. 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。第一段提到有的人睡8小時就會精力充沛, 有的人則更多, 也有的人會更少, 由此可判斷出我們需要的睡眠時長是因人而異的。2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “duration” i

9、n Paragraph 3? A. Habit. B. Period. C. Quality. D. Problem. 【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文列出的不同人群的睡眠時間可知該詞指“期間, 持續(xù)的時間”。3. The example of the wristwatch shows that _. A. nothing is perfectB. everything is difficult at the beginningC. continuous effort makes perfectD. practice makes perfect【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段中的“Like

10、 most things, its successive approximation that gets you to the goal. ”和下文的解釋可知是人們對手表進行不斷的改進和完善才有了如今精準的手表, 這說明事物都需要一個逐步完善和改進的過程。4. What is the writers purpose of writing this passage? A. To tell people how important sleep quality is. B. To tell people how much sleep we need. C. To tell people how sl

11、eep experts do experiments. D. To tell people how sleep affects health. 【解析】選B。目的意圖題。文章開頭介紹了人們需要不同時間的睡眠, 然后介紹了NSF網(wǎng)站對不同年齡群體所需睡眠時間的建議, 由此判斷選B。 教材與語法填空根據(jù)教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sailing home, Henry, an American businessman, found himself 1. (carry) out to sea by a strong wind. When he was just a

12、bout to give himself up, he 2. (spot) by a ship and he landed in London 3. accident. Hungry and alone, he walked on the streets of the city when he was 4. (expect) called into a mansion，5. two rich brothers, Oliver and Roderick, gave him 6. letter and told him not to open it until two oclock of the

13、day. Not 7. (know) it was a million pound bank note, Henry left the mansion and went into a cheap restaurant to stuff his stomach. Everybody was rude to him because he was in 8. (rag) and looked depressed. Then, to the surprise of everybody, he handed the owner a million pound bank note to pay for t

14、he meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became polite and tried 9. (they) best to please Henry. Dont you think its the 10. (incredible) tale in the world?答案：1.carried2.was spotted3.by4.unexpectedly5.where6.a7.knowing8.rags9.their 10most incredible 教材與話題寫作()用本單元所學知識完成下列句子。1馬克吐溫，

15、成長于美國中部的密蘇里州，是19世紀美國最著名的作家之一。(bring up) 答案：Mark Twain was one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century and was brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.2他的家鄉(xiāng)在密西西比河河畔，馬克吐溫在那里度過了他的童年。成年后，起初未經(jīng)父親同意，他冒險在密西西比河的船上當過一段時間的水手。(take a chance; permit) 答案：His hometown la

16、y on the banks of the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. When he grew up, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at first.3在征求了父親的一些有用的建議后，他決定當一名作家。這一職業(yè)幫他賺了很多錢。(seek; an amount of) 答案：After seeking some useful advice fr

17、om his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him make an amount of money.4他的作品有一種諷刺(wry)意味的幽默，這就是全世界讀者深深喜愛他的作品的原因。(account for) 答案：There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which accounted for the reason why his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.()將以上句子連成短文，要求銜接連

18、貫、過渡自然。 【完形填空插花】閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I _1_ that I could just give what I thought others _2_ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快樂小鎮(zhèn)). This thought process was _3_ changed when I suffered from clinical

19、 depression. _4_ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the _5_ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections _6_ people.My struggle with mental health was something that _7_ into a campaign to let every single person know that

20、 they _8_ and couldnt be replaced.At high school，it could be _9_ to convey this idea，but I _10_ pursued my passions (激情). The _11_ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help _12_：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and _13_ them to those who seemed to need a pic

21、kmeup.I tried to _14_ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a _15_ place to express themselves and learn _16_ to apply empathy(同感，共鳴) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly _17_ to inspire both myself and my friends.When I g

22、o off the college this year，Ill be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a nonprofit foundation in the future.My _18_ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of _19_ problems，but something that can be changed by even the _20_ actions.1A.wondered BfiguredCdoubted Dpr

23、edicted2A.wanted BignoredClost Dordered3A.unfortunately BtotallyCregularly Daccurately4A.It BTheyCHe DThis5A.ability BdesireCbelief Dreason6A.for BwithCfrom Dabout7A.fell BdividedCbroke Dturned8A.mattered BexistedCsurvived Dsucceeded9A.difficult BfunnyCdifferent Dperfect10A.casually BbrieflyCfirmly

24、Dsurely11A.difficulty BpurposeCfruits Dmethod12A.strangers BteenagersCfriends Dfamilies13A.led BlentCpassed Dlimited14A.write BmemorizeCprepare Drecall15A.quiet BimportantClarge Dsafe16A.how BwhatCwhere Dwhen17A.discussions BsuggestionsCexperience Dtheories18A.final BprimaryCsimple Dgrand19A.complex

25、 BunsolvableCunknown Dterrible20A.latest BlaziestCslowest Dsmallest【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者與抑郁癥作斗爭的經(jīng)歷使他轉(zhuǎn)變了思想，并用實際行動來幫助青少年和朋友們。他告訴大家，每個人都同樣重要并且不可替代。因此我們必須做出行動，因為即使是最小的行動都可以產(chǎn)生影響。1B考查動詞辨析。句意為：我以為只要我能給予別人我認為他們想要的東西，我就能得到一張去快樂小鎮(zhèn)的單程票。A項意為“想知道”；B項意為“認為，以為”；C項意為“懷疑”；D項意為“預(yù)測”。短文第一句說明了作者小時候的想法，即作者認為善良是一件有益的事情，然后接著

26、詳細地解釋他的想法。B項符合語境。故選B。2A考查動詞辨析。A項意為“想要”；B項意為“忽視”；C項意為“丟失”；D項意為“命令，訂購”。此處指作者認為給予別人他認為別人需要的東西，他就會快樂。A項符合語境。故選A。3B考查副詞辨析。A項意為“不幸地”；B項意為“完全地”；C項意為“定期地”；D項意為“準確地”。由下文可知，因為作者的臨床抑郁癥，作者以前給予別人想要的東西的想法變成了努力用他的想法去影響別人，改變別人，所以此處表達的是“這個思維過程完全變了”。B項符合語境。故選B。4A考查代詞辨析。此處為句型“It becomes/becameadj.that從句”，代詞it為形式主語，tha

27、t引導的從句為真正的主語。故選A。5A考查名詞辨析。A項意為“能力”；B項意為“渴望”；C項意為“信念”；D項意為“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根據(jù)語境可知，作者所需要的和每個人所需要的一樣，就是愛自己的能力。A項符合語境。故選A。6B考查介詞辨析。句意為：除了這一點，我必須學會如何與人們建立更深、更有意義的聯(lián)系。make connection with.是固定短語，表示“與建立聯(lián)系”。故選B。7D考查動詞短語辨析。各選項所給動詞均可與介詞into構(gòu)成固定搭配：fall into意為“跌入”；divide into意為“分成”；break into意為“

28、闖入”；turn into意為“變成”。由上文可知，作者的思維過程改變了，產(chǎn)生了新的想法，因此作者表達的是他在心理健康方面的掙扎變成了一場運動。turn into符合語境。故選D。8A考查動詞辨析。A項意為“重要，有關(guān)系”；B項意為“存在”；C項意為“幸存”；D項意為“成功”。根據(jù)空格后面的“and couldnt be replaced”可推知，此處表達的是“讓每個人都知道他們很重要，無法被替代”。A項符合語境。故選A。9A考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“困難的”；B項意為“滑稽的”；C項意為“不同的”；D項意為“完美的”。由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but和第二個分句的內(nèi)容可知，此處指的是“在高中，很難傳遞這個想

29、法”。A項符合語境。故選A。10C考查副詞辨析。A項意為“隨意地”；B項意為“簡短地”；C項意為“堅定地”；D項意為“確信地”。根據(jù)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處應(yīng)表達“但是我堅定地追隨我的激情”。C項符合語境。故選C。11C考查名詞辨析。上文提到雖然在學校作者很難傳遞自己的思想，但是他不放棄，由此可知，作者努力的結(jié)果就是他創(chuàng)造了幫助的習慣和傳統(tǒng)。此處fruits表示“結(jié)果，成果”，符合語境。故選C。12B考查名詞辨析。 .Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and _ them to those who seemed to need

30、 a pickmeup.(第二段第三句) 譯文：每個星期五，我?guī)е鳂I(yè)的獎品來到學校，把它們發(fā)給那些似乎需要提神的孩子們。由關(guān)鍵句可以推斷，作者幫助的是那些青少年們。teenager意為“青年，青少年”，符合語境。故選B。13C考查動詞辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短語，意為“把傳遞/分發(fā)蛤某人”，此處表達的是作者把帶來的作業(yè)獎品發(fā)給那些需要提神的孩子們。故選C。14B考查動詞辨析。A項意為“寫”；B項意為“記住”；C項意為“準備”；D項意為“回憶”。由語境可知，作者想幫助青少年，所以他盡可能多地記住他們的名字。故選B。15D考查形容詞辨析。作者建立了一個俱樂部，學生們在這里可以表

31、達自己的想法，由此可知這是一個安全的地方，學生們能夠暢所欲言。safe意為“安全的”，符合語境。故選D。16A考查連接詞辨析。此處為“疑問詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。由語境可知，作者想讓學生學會如何把表達的情感運用到日常生活中。how意為“怎樣，如何”，符合語境。故選A。17B考查名詞辨析。A項意為“討論”；B項意為“建議”；C項意為“經(jīng)驗”；D項意為“理論”。在作者的個人社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)賬號上，作者每周發(fā)出的用于激勵自己和朋友的帖子應(yīng)是建議之類的內(nèi)容。B項符合語境，其余各項均與語境不符。故選B。18A考查形容詞辨析。This will help me start a nodprofit foundatio

32、n in the future.(最后一段第二句)譯文：這將幫助我在將來建立一個非盈利基金會。由關(guān)鍵句可知，作者一直堅持自己的信仰和做法，那么接著說的就是他的最終目標。final意為“最后的，最終的”，符合語境。故選A。19B考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“復(fù)雜的”；B項意為“難以解決的”；C項意為“未知的”；D項意為“糟糕的”。由語境可知，作者的最終目標是要證明這個世界不是無法解決的問題的集合體。unsolvable與下文的“can be changed”相銜接且符合語境。故選B。20D考查形容詞最高級辨析。A項意為“最新的”；B項意為“最懶的”；C項意為“最慢的”；D項意為“最小的”。由本句中的

33、“even”可知，此處指的是甚至是最小的行動都會改變一些事情。D項符合語境。故選D。 下面是李華的一篇作文，文中有五處錯誤，改正錯誤并背誦該文。Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.Mark Twains hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River, where he spent his chil

34、dhood. When he grew up, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at the first. After seeking some useful advices from his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him making an amount of money.There is a wry sense of humor i

35、n his works, which accounted for the reason because his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.答案：Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century， brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.Mark Twains hometown lay on the banks of the

36、Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. When he grew up, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at first. After seeking some useful from his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him an amount of money.There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which accounted for the reason his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world. 8