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1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia (建議用時(shí)：35分鐘).閱讀理解A(2020長(zhǎng)沙統(tǒng)一模擬)When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming cli

2、mate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasnt there anymore.Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a fulltime lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a cl

3、ass.This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat “this is such an intractable pr

4、oblem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(懷疑論者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.Dillon wasnt going into environmental workhe was a computerscience major. Yet, the potential for a

5、 worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a fulltime volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢復(fù)) projects.Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinsons class was just what he was looking fora place where he

6、 could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.Atkinson said she hoped the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.“We are already changing the planetso many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively imp

7、acted，” she said. “The future isnt going to be what they imagined.”【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】Fawn Sharp通過(guò)一次搭乘直升機(jī)飛行的經(jīng)歷認(rèn)識(shí)到了冰川融化的嚴(yán)重性，同時(shí)Jennifer Wren Atkinson給學(xué)生開設(shè)了課程，教學(xué)生如何面對(duì)氣候變化，她的課程讓很多學(xué)生關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題。1Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?ATo lay a basis for Fawn Sharps further research.BTo prove Fawn Sharps work is

8、 similar to Atkinsons.CTo lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.DTo show scientists concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.C解析：推理判斷題。通讀第一段可知，F(xiàn)awn Sharp在一次直升機(jī)飛行中意識(shí)到氣候變化導(dǎo)致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是為了引出下文氣候變化導(dǎo)致環(huán)境問(wèn)題的話題，故選C。2Whats the main purpose of Atkinsons class?ATo explore

9、how different people deal with climate change.BTo get students more concerned about the environmental issue.CTo find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.DTo teach students how to conduct research about environment.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“she taught students.the emotional burdens of e

10、nvironmental studies.and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”可知，她給學(xué)生講環(huán)境研究的情感壓力，她讓她的24個(gè)學(xué)生面對(duì)沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的解決方法這個(gè)事實(shí)這是“一個(gè)如此困難的問(wèn)題以至于學(xué)生們將用他們的余生來(lái)解決它?！庇纱丝芍珹tkinson的課程目的是讓學(xué)生們更加

11、關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題，故選B。3Which of the following words best explains “intractable” underlined in Paragraph 3?ASimple.BDifficult.CCommon.DInteresting.B解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科學(xué)家以及積極分子們的經(jīng)歷讓她的24個(gè)學(xué)生面對(duì)沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的解決方法這個(gè)事實(shí)，并結(jié)合該句“this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest

12、of their lives”可知，這是一個(gè)如此困難的問(wèn)題以至于學(xué)生們將用他們的余生來(lái)解決它，故選B。4How did Atkinsons class influence Dillon?AIt made him work as a parttime volunteer for restoration projects.BIt made him realize a planetwide climate disaster would happen.CIt encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.DIt disco

13、uraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Six months into the work.discuss his concerns about a changing climate.”可知，Dillon在環(huán)保組織做了六個(gè)月志愿者之后，他認(rèn)為在Atkinson的課堂上他可以討論他對(duì)氣候變化的擔(dān)憂；由此可推知，Atkinson的課程鼓勵(lì)Dillon參與環(huán)境保護(hù)，故選C。B(2020湖北武昌區(qū)調(diào)研)Historians and archaeologists have define

14、d periods of human history for centuries by the technologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society. This includes the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. But what age are we in now? That question can be answered with one word for some researchers: Plastics.“Plastic has redef

15、ined our material culture and the artifacts we leave behind. It will be found in stratified(分層的) layers in our trash deposits(沉積層)” Thats according to John Marston, an archaeologist.The wide variety of synthetic polymers(合成聚合物) would not exist if it werent for human action. About six billion tons of

16、 plastics have been made and spread around the planet. They have been spread from forests to oceans ever since the first plastic polymers were invented.Plastics are one of the most significant changes that humans have made to the Earths makeup. Most plastics dont easily degrade. This only adds to th

17、e problem. Recycling isnt an adequate solution. Not all types of plastic are easily recyclable. And there are only a few recycling plants that can process all varieties of plastic.According to Debra Winter, writer for The Atlantic, this means that many of the materials thrown into recycling bins can

18、 cross the planet several times before they are processed. They are made into rugs, sweaters, or they are used to make other bottles. Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean. The problem has reached the point where its possible that in

19、 just a few decades there might be more plastic in the worlds oceans than fishes.“Plastics have a supposed lifespan of over 500 years, so its safe to say that every plastic bottle you have used exists somewhere on this planet, in some form or another，” Winter writes.The damage may already be done. I

20、t may be too late for human populations worldwide to change their plastic using ways. So the Plastic Age might soon take its place next to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in the history of human civilization.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】在我們所處的時(shí)代，塑料給我們的生活帶來(lái)了很大便利，但是也給環(huán)境造成了巨大損害。5Why do people call our age the Plastic Age?ABe

21、cause plastics are not naturally made.BBecause humans create plastics.CBecause plastics influence the world greatly.DBecause historians and archaeologists think so.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，歷史學(xué)家和考古學(xué)家是通過(guò)對(duì)社會(huì)造成最大影響的技術(shù)或材料來(lái)界定人類歷史時(shí)期的，由此可推知，我們稱現(xiàn)在這個(gè)時(shí)代為塑料時(shí)代的原因是塑料極大地影響了世界，故C項(xiàng)正確。6According to the passage, how are m

22、ost plastics dealt with currently?AThey are recycled.BThey are degraded.CThey are thrown away.DThey are made into bottles.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean.”可知，每年數(shù)百萬(wàn)噸的塑料垃圾被回收，但是更多的塑料垃圾最終被扔到垃圾場(chǎng)或海洋中了，故C項(xiàng)正確。7What i

23、s the authors attitude to the Plastic Age?ANegative.BAmbiguous.CFavorable.DUnconcerned.A解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，作者在文章中描述了塑料垃圾對(duì)社會(huì)的巨大的負(fù)面影響，尤其在最后一段中作者提到，塑料垃圾對(duì)社會(huì)可能已經(jīng)造成了損害，世界各地的人們改變使用塑料的方式可能太晚了。由此可推知，作者對(duì)塑料時(shí)代持消極態(tài)度。故A項(xiàng)正確。8What is the main idea of this passage?APlastics have ruined our environment.BWe must stop u

24、sing plastics altogether.CHuman beings are in the Plastic Age.DPlastics are significant to human development.C解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述的是我們?nèi)祟惉F(xiàn)在處于塑料時(shí)代并解釋了我們這個(gè)時(shí)代被稱為塑料時(shí)代的原因，由此可推知，C項(xiàng)最符合文意。.七選五(2020石家莊高三一模)Three in five people in the UK hold a library card. For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresse

25、s of daytoday life. 1._ If youre considering joining your local library, now is the time to do so. And if you need any more encouragement, here are several reasons why you should.Most libraries in the UK allow members of the general public to come and go as they like. 2._ You can also take out a lib

26、rary card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.3_ Imagine just how many books you have at your fingertips with a library card. There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the

27、time. Its a priceless experience, especially for kids, and also a great way to level the educational playing field.Libraries develop with times. They have changed greatly since decades ago. 4._ Some libraries have apps so you can see when your books are due back and even reserve books in some cases.

28、 There are also libraries which let you access books in digital formats on your mobile devicepretty cool.Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community. They have noticeboards to offer services lik

29、e exercise classes or learning centres. 5._ALibraries help people learn.BLibraries help educate the kids.CThey create a great sense of community.DYou can go in, settle down and read a book without being charged a penny.EMost libraries now have computers and allow people to borrow CDs and DVDs.FLibra

30、ries help us save money as were borrowing books rather than buying them.GFor others, particularly the homeless and people in poverty, a lifeline to the world.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了加入圖書館的原因。圖書館是人們減壓的好場(chǎng)所，在那里人們還可以免費(fèi)學(xué)習(xí)文化知識(shí)。圖書館隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展，創(chuàng)造了一種社區(qū)意識(shí)。1G解析：根據(jù)空前一句“For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses

31、 of daytoday life.”可知，對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，圖書館是躲避日常生活壓力的庇護(hù)所；據(jù)此可推知，空處應(yīng)與此對(duì)應(yīng)，介紹其他人對(duì)圖書館的看法，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。2D解析：根據(jù)空后一句“You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns.”可知，你也可以拿出借書證免費(fèi)借書，不過(guò)如果逾期還書，你將不可避免地面臨罰款；據(jù)此可推知，空處應(yīng)是介紹在圖書館免費(fèi)讀書的情況，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，銜接上下文。且D項(xiàng)中的“Yo

32、u can”與空后一句中的“You can also”相呼應(yīng)。3A解析：根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處為該段的主題句；結(jié)合對(duì)本段的整體理解，尤其是該段第三句“There are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the time.”可知，通過(guò)閱讀，你可以一直拓展你的學(xué)習(xí)，擴(kuò)大你的詞匯量；據(jù)此可知，該段主要說(shuō)明了圖書館可以幫助人學(xué)習(xí)，故A項(xiàng)正確。4E解析：根據(jù)本段的主題句“Libraries develop wit

33、h times.”和空后的“Some libraries have apps”可知，空處應(yīng)是介紹現(xiàn)如今的圖書館利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)設(shè)備的情況，故E項(xiàng)與此處匹配。5C解析：根據(jù)該段第一句“Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community.”可知，圖書館能讓公眾聚集起來(lái)成為一個(gè)社區(qū)；結(jié)合空處位置可知，空處總結(jié)該段，即圖書館創(chuàng)造了一種社區(qū)意識(shí)，故C項(xiàng)正確。.語(yǔ)法

34、填空(2020江西三校聯(lián)考)Vegetarianism(素食主義) is becoming one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not 1._(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who dont eat meat, while vegans are people who dont eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles 2._(become) more wellknown i

35、n the UK. 3._ are Britons cutting their meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production 4._ the environment. 5._(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their ea

36、ting habits in order to become 6._(healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce 7._ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure.Organic farming is 8._ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modif

37、ied (轉(zhuǎn)基因的) food and want their food to be 9._(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat 10._(produce) without the use of drugs.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了英國(guó)正在流行的兩大趨勢(shì)，即素食主義和有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)。1to eat解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為固定搭配decide not to do sth.“決定不做某事”，故用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。2are becoming解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。與上文“Vege

38、tarianism(素食主義) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼應(yīng)可知，此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在的一種趨勢(shì)，且與句子主語(yǔ)的復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致，故用are becoming。3Why解析：考查疑問(wèn)副詞。與語(yǔ)境中的問(wèn)號(hào)呼應(yīng)，并結(jié)合下文的內(nèi)容可推知，此處表示對(duì)原因的疑問(wèn)，故用特殊疑問(wèn)詞Why。4on解析：考查介詞。effect on sb./sth.意為“對(duì)某人/某(事)物有影響”，為固定搭配，故用介詞on。5Worries解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。worry為可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“令人擔(dān)憂的事”，且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及該句中的have可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)

39、。6healthier解析：考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：為了變得更健康，其他一些人選擇改變他們的飲食習(xí)慣。此處包含一個(gè)比較的概念，故用形容詞比較級(jí)形式作become的表語(yǔ)。7the解析：考查冠詞。risk被介詞短語(yǔ)of certain cancers修飾，表示特指，故用定冠詞the修飾。8another解析：考查限定詞。與上文“Vegetarianism(素食主義) is becoming one rising trend in the UK”呼應(yīng)可知，此處表示另外一種興起的趨勢(shì)，故用限定詞another修飾名詞trend，表示“再一，另一”。9organically解析：考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞，故用副詞organically修飾動(dòng)詞produced。10is produced解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，produce與句子主語(yǔ)Organic meat是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示客觀敘述，故用其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。8