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1、三年（2017-2019）年高考真題分項匯編專題05 非謂語動詞 一、2019年高考真題 1.【2019江蘇卷單項填空】 30._ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyedD. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此處是不定式作目的狀語。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的方便，很多老年市民開始使用智能手機。故選A。2.【2019天津卷單項填空】4._ to think critically

2、 is an important skill todays children will need for the future.A. LearnB. LearnedC. LearningD. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查動名詞。句意：學(xué)會批判性思維是當(dāng)代小孩未來所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主語成分，而過去分詞、動詞都不可以做主語。此處用動名詞做主語，故選C。3.【2019江蘇卷單項填空】 32.Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries_ its role in international affairs.

3、A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：中國的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升，更多的國家認(rèn)識到中國在國際事務(wù)中的作用?！案嗟膰摇焙汀罢J(rèn)識”之間是主動關(guān)系，用with + 名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。4.【2019天津卷單項填空】12.The professor warned tie students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.A. should theyB. they shouldC. d

4、are theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機。on no account決不，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，應(yīng)該做should do,敢于做dare do，根據(jù)句意表示”應(yīng)該“，故選A。5.【2019新課標(biāo)I卷語法填空】Modem methods _of_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over

5、 a large area.【答案】to perform【解析】考查非謂語動詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語，句意：跟蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只是在二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來開始采用，并且在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的，故此處用to perform。6.【2019新課標(biāo)I卷語法填空】Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,【答案】noting 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)其前介詞by可知，此處用動名詞主動形式，故填no

6、ting。7.【2019新課標(biāo)II卷短文改錯】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football.【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句句意：操場上所有的足球運動員大聲歡呼，說我有足球天賦。句中謂語動詞為cheered，say在這里作伴隨狀語。與主語players是主動關(guān)系，故將

7、say改為saying。8.【2019新課標(biāo)II卷語法填空】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _61_ (be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.【答案】 being【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)其前介詞for可知，此處用動名詞形式作賓語，故填being。9.【2019新課標(biāo)II卷語法填空】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _declared_(decl

8、are) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.【答案】to retire【解析】考查不定式作定語。此處用to do sth做后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞plan,表示“的計劃”，故填to retire。10.【2019新課標(biāo)II卷語法填空】When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _a_ joke.【答案】saying【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語，解釋名

9、詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動關(guān)系，故填saying。11.【2019新課標(biāo)III卷語法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining _so_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there.【答案】to retire【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我們作者還沒有到達(dá)那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺謂語，此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，故填to get。12.【2019新課標(biāo)III卷語法填空】On the last day of our we

10、ek-long stay，we _were invited_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句謂語動詞為“were invited”，所以70題空格處動詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式。聽音樂這個動作是由we發(fā)出的，所以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，

11、and后meeting interesting locals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。13.【2019浙江卷語法填空】When the children are walking or _59_ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,【答案】cycling【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們在黑暗的早晨步行或騎車上學(xué)時，汽車司機很容易看到它們。or連接兩個并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。14.【2019浙江卷語法填空】But some students didnt want _63_ (wea

12、r) the uniform.【答案】to wear【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿學(xué)生服。want to do sth想要做某事，這里是動詞不定式作to的賓語。故填to wear。15.【2019北京卷語法填空】Nervously _2_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】facing【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此處是做句子的狀語，要用非謂

13、語動詞，其邏輯主語是I，與邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填facing。二、2018年高考真題 1.【2018北京】3. _ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查動名詞。句意：沿著絲綢之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的經(jīng)歷。“_ along the old Silk Road”做主語，要用動名詞，故B選項正確。點睛：動名詞是動詞-ing形式的一種，兼有動詞和名詞特征

14、。在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語。2.【2018北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在中秋節(jié)期間，家人們通常會聚在一起吃飯，賞月，品嘗月餅。gather是謂語動詞，“_ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon ca

15、kes”是狀語，家人聚在一起的目的是吃飯，賞月，品嘗月餅，表目的用動詞不定式，故B選項正確。點睛：動詞不定式可以做主語，狀語，定語，賓語，表語等。動詞不定式做目的狀語時，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常譯為“為了”。3.【2018北京】10. Ordinary soap, _ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. use【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果正確使用的話，普通的肥皂可以有效地處理細(xì)菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacter

16、ial effectively是主句，_ correctly是條件狀語，修飾ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之間是被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞，A選項正確。點睛：過去分詞所表示的一個含義就是“被動”。4.【2018天津】12. I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it.A. to eat；to try B. eating；tryingC. eating；to try D. to eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查短語固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃

17、任何東西，但冰淇淋看起來如此的好以至于我忍不住的要試一試。固定短語短語mean to do（打算做），couldnt help doing忍不住做。故選D。點睛：本題考查動詞短語固定搭配。同學(xué)在平時學(xué)習(xí)中要多把握動詞不同搭配的不同含義，本題需要區(qū)分“mean to do打算做”與“mean doing意味著做”和“cant help to do sth.不能幫助做”與“couldnt help doing忍不住做”之間的含義。5.【2018天津】7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.A. taking B

18、. takenC. being taken D. take【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我需要一個新護照，所以我將不得不拍照片。本題考查非謂語動詞作賓語補足語，賓語my photograph與補足語之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。C項表示正在進行。故選B。點睛：本題考查的非謂語動詞為高中重點語法之一。在分析題目的時候，首先要抓住非謂語動詞在句中所作的成分，找出該非謂語動詞所對應(yīng)的邏輯主語，再分析二者之間的關(guān)系，最后根據(jù)句意選擇正確的答案。6.【2018江蘇】26. Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod, _ theexp

19、ectednumber of 12,000 heldby marketanalysts.A. havingexceeded B. toexceedC. exceeded D. exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在這期間，大約創(chuàng)造13,500個新的工作，超過市場分析師持有的12,000的預(yù)期數(shù)量。分析全句可知，這里指前一件事情所帶來自然而然的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故選D。點睛：本題考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞主要有動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞形式。having exceeded強調(diào)時間先后，指的是此動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞create的動作之前；to exceed表示將

20、要超出；exceeded過去分詞表示被動。分析句意可知，這里用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。7.【2018新課標(biāo)I卷語法填空】You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. 【答案】62. to see ； 63.dying 【解析】62.考查不定式作目的狀語。你不必跑地太快或時間太長就能看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語，故填to see。63.考

21、查動名詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然通過跑步會減少早亡的風(fēng)險。此處of是介詞，其后用動名詞。故填dying。8.【2018新課標(biāo)I卷短文改錯】My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.【答案】sell改為selling【解析】考查動名詞。去年夏天他們通過賣魚掙了一大筆錢。此處介詞by后用動名詞，故用selling。9.【2018新課標(biāo)II卷語法填空】Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow c

22、orn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality.【答案】to improve【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了改善水質(zhì)政府鼓勵農(nóng)民種植玉米而不是大米。沒有連詞可以且謂語動詞是encourages，故improve應(yīng)該用非謂語動詞。此處表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。10.【2018新課標(biāo)III卷語法填空】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _64_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel_65_(challenge

23、).【答案】64.looking；65.challened【解析】64.考查動詞。動詞avoid后要加doing。此處表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。65.考查非謂語。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示不直視他的眼睛，他就不會感到被挑戰(zhàn)性。feel為系動詞，表示“被挑戰(zhàn)”，用過去分詞challenged。11.【2018新課標(biāo)III卷短文改錯】Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.【答案】wait改為waiting【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句子成分

24、分析，本句有謂語為was，而且沒有連詞，與主語是主動關(guān)系，所以wait 要用非謂語waiting，表伴隨。12.【2018浙江卷語法填空】I still remember 59 (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.【答案】visiting【解析】此處指我記得去拜訪一個在這里住了五年的朋友，表示記得做過某事用remember doing sth.， 故填visiting。三、201

25、7年高考真題1.【2017天津卷】14. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ more patients to be treated. A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：近期這個醫(yī)院購進了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，允許更多的病人被治療。前句購進醫(yī)療設(shè)備和后面允許更多的病人被治療之間是必然的結(jié)果關(guān)系，用doing即現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示順理成章的結(jié)果。A. being allowed 表示被動且正在進行 C.

26、having allowed 強調(diào)先于謂語動詞發(fā)生 D. allowed 表示被動且完成，故選B。2.【2017天津】10. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _.A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：在整個會議期間我一直在看鐘表，因為我要去趕火車。根據(jù)上文判斷出as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做（在本句中to do 由主語完成），根據(jù)句意判斷選C?？键c：考查非

27、謂語?！久麕燑c睛】本句考查的是have的符合結(jié)構(gòu)：have+ 賓語 + 非謂語，既是重點又是難點。對于have的符合結(jié)構(gòu)，非謂語用什么形式，首先確定have的詞義，是“有”還是“讓”，have（有）+ sth to do sth (由主語完成）；have（讓） + 賓語 + do / doing / done (用哪種形式需要具體分析），所以要正確理解句意和本結(jié)構(gòu)的具體用法，靈活掌握才能把題作對。3.【2017江蘇卷】21. Many Chinese brands, _ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges fr

28、om the modern market.A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查非謂語動詞。brands是邏輯主語，和develop是主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示伴隨狀況；再根據(jù)“over centuries”可知，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，故選A。句意：許多中國品牌，享譽數(shù)百年，現(xiàn)在正面臨著來自現(xiàn)代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)?！久麕燑c睛】現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示主動和伴隨狀況；與邏輯主語是主謂關(guān)系，或叫主動關(guān)系，即現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作是邏輯主語發(fā)出的?，F(xiàn)在分詞的形式有一般式doing/b

29、eing done，完成式having done/having been done。當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作和主句謂語表示的動作先后發(fā)生時，使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。4.【2017北京卷】27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved【答案】C試題分析： 句意：許多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客網(wǎng)上打印他們的登機牌來節(jié)省時間。此處是動詞不定式表目的，故選C?？键c：考查非謂語動詞。5.【2

30、017北京卷】32. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _ with his students.A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 【答案】D試題分析：句意：Jim已經(jīng)退休了，但是他依然記得和學(xué)生一起度過的快樂時光。句子已經(jīng)有了謂語，空格只能填非謂語動詞，邏輯主語是time，和spend之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞spent?？键c：考查非謂語動詞。You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You

31、may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. 2016年高考真題 1.【2016北京】26. _ it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make【答案】D考點：考查不定式作目的狀語2.【2016北京】28. _ over a week ago, the books are expected to ar

32、rive any time now.A. Ordering B. To orderC. Having ordered D. Ordered【答案】D【解析】試題分析：題目考查過去分詞作狀語。句意：(因為)那些書是一周多之前訂的，現(xiàn)在隨時有可能送到。books和order是動賓關(guān)系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用過去分詞表示被動和完成，在此相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句because they were ordered.，故選D。3.【2016北京】32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _ the

33、 old town into a dreamland.A. turn B. turningC. to turn D. turned【答案】B【解析】試題分析：題目考查現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀況。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的兩旁，使古鎮(zhèn)變成了一個夢幻之地。turn的邏輯主語是cottages，兩者是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示主動和伴隨，故選B。4.【2016江蘇】28.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message_within the work.A. to hideB. hiddenC. hidingD. being

34、 hidden【答案】B【解析】試題分析：考查分詞作定語。相當(dāng)于定語從句that is hidden within the work。A、C項表示主動含義，D項表示正在進行，與語境不符。故B項正確。5.【2016天津】4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _ air conditioning unnecessary. A. making B. to make C. made D. being made【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：冷風(fēng)從我們臥室的窗戶吹進來，使得沒有必要開空調(diào)了。前面的事情造成后面的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)

35、果狀語，表示順理成章的結(jié)果。不定式也可以作結(jié)果狀語，但是那是預(yù)料不到的結(jié)果。故選A?？键c：考查非謂語動詞?！久麕燑c睛】判斷非謂語動詞的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，確定了是非謂語動詞，還要判斷非謂語動詞的成分，和這個動詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系。這道題還有一個考點就是同樣是結(jié)果狀語從句，現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式用法也不同，還要結(jié)合語境判斷符合哪一個，來加以判斷。 6.【2016浙江】10.To return to the problem of water pollution , Id like you to look at a study _ in Australia in 201

36、2. A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：為了回到水污染的問題，我想要你研究一下2012年澳大利亞進行的研究。使用非謂語動詞作定語，study和conduct是動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞作定語。B項也表示被動，但是不定式的被動，表示將要發(fā)生的事情。故選D?？键c：考查非謂語動詞?！久麕燑c睛】判斷非謂語動詞的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，確定了是非謂語動詞，還要判斷非謂語動詞的成分，和這個動詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系。這道題考查非謂語動詞作定語的用法，看ca

37、rry out和修飾的study之間的關(guān)系可知用過去分詞。7.【2016浙江】19. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：我在海上航行和現(xiàn)在和學(xué)生一起一樣快樂。使用非謂語動詞作狀語，I和work是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語。故選A?？键c：考查非謂語動詞?！久麕燑c睛】判斷非謂語動詞的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，確定了是非謂語動詞，還要判斷非謂語動詞的成分，和這個動詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系。這道題考查非謂語動詞作狀語的用法，看I和work的邏輯關(guān)系可以看出是現(xiàn)在分詞。 11