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1、Unit 11 The Media一、語基必備知識(一)重點詞匯分類記憶.閱讀詞匯知其意1media n大眾傳播媒介，傳媒2chat n. 閑談，聊天3affair n. 事情，事件4widespread adj. 廣泛的5debt n. 債務(wù)，欠款6belief n. 信仰；信心；信任7distinction n. 殊榮；特質(zhì)；區(qū)別8host n. 主辦(國/城市/機構(gòu))；主人vt. 主辦9incident n. 事件，事情10evidence n. 證明，證據(jù)11legal adj. 合法的，與法律有關(guān)的12process n. 過程，進程13profit n. 利潤，收益14channe

2、l n. (電視或電臺)頻道15classic adj. 傳統(tǒng)的；經(jīng)典的16spokesman n. 發(fā)言人.核心詞匯寫其形1reform n. 改革，改良2demand vt. 要求，請求3arise vi. 發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)4blame vt. 責(zé)怪，歸咎于5attempt vt. & n. 嘗試，試圖6publish vt. 出版，發(fā)行7attitude n. 態(tài)度，看法8dislike vt. 不喜愛，厭惡9pretend vt. 假裝10hire vt. 租用；雇用11budget n. 預(yù)算12scene n. 場面，場景13load n. 滿滿一車；很多；工作量14bravery n.

3、 勇敢.拓展詞匯通其變1announce vt. 宣布，宣告announcement n. 公告2explanation n. 解釋，說明explain vt. 解釋3employ vt. 雇用employment n. 雇用unemployment n. 失業(yè)employer n. 雇主employee n. 雇員selfemployed adj. 自己經(jīng)營的4defend vt. 為辯解；保衛(wèi)defence n. 保衛(wèi)；防衛(wèi)5argument n. 爭論；理由argue vi. 爭吵6analysis n. 分析analyse vt. 分析7encouragement n. 鼓勵encou

4、rage vt. 鼓勵encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的encouraged adj. 受鼓舞的8respect vt. 尊敬，尊重respectable adj. 可敬的respectful adj. 表示尊敬的，恭敬的9advertise vt. 為做廣告，登廣告advertisement n. 廣告advertiser n. 廣告人advertising n. 廣告活動；廣告業(yè)10approach n. 方法，方式approachable adj. 可接近的11innocent adj. 天真無邪的，單純的；無罪的innocence n. 清白，無罪12interrupt vt

5、. & vi. 打斷(講話或動作)；打擾interruption n. 打斷13environmental adj. 自然環(huán)境的environmentally adv. 環(huán)境地environment n. 環(huán)境14protection n. 保護，防衛(wèi)protect vt. 保護protective adj. 保護的；防護的15faithfully adv. 忠實地，真誠地faithful adj. 忠誠的faith n. 忠誠；相信1.以“man”結(jié)尾的職業(yè)名詞postman郵遞員policeman 警察spaceman 宇航員fisherman 漁夫businessman 商人spokes

6、man 發(fā)言人sportsman 運動員salesman 銷售員statesman 政治家2.“發(fā)生”詞匯集錦arise 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)occur 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生happen (偶然)發(fā)生come about 產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生take place 產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生break out 突然發(fā)生come up 發(fā)生crop up 突然發(fā)生befall 發(fā)生，降臨3.以“ment”結(jié)尾的名詞encouragement鼓勵disagreement 分歧development 發(fā)展announcement 公告adjustment 調(diào)整punishment 懲罰settlement 解決achievement 完成argu

7、ment 爭論；理由(二)重點短語記牢用活1stand_for是意思，代表；支持2in_favour_of 支持，贊同3consist_of 由組成4stand_out_ 突出，顯眼5as_long_as 只要6get_ready_for 準(zhǔn)備7in_detail 詳細地8look_forward_to_ 希望9take_photos/pictures_of 照相，拍照10in_competition_with 與競爭11hold_the_attention_of 抓住的注意力12go_ahead_with 開始做；著手干13get_stuck_in_ 陷入14on_the_scene 在現(xiàn)場

8、，到現(xiàn)場15come_out_on_top 占上風(fēng)；獲勝1.“v.for”短語薈萃vote for 投票選舉stand for 代表；支持care for 關(guān)心；喜歡seek for 尋找；追求long for 渴望；向往call for 要求；需要wait for 等待；等候2.“inn.of”短語薈萃in favour of 支持，贊同in memory of 為了紀(jì)念in honour of 為了紀(jì)念in view of 鑒于；由于in terms of 就而言in case of 以防；萬一in search of 尋找，尋求3.“盼望，期待()”集中營expect vt.期望，期待h

9、ope for 希望，期待wish for 期望，希望long for 渴望be eager for 渴望look forward to 盼望，期待be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事 (三)重點句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：“of抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于其對應(yīng)的形容詞AIDS is another problem of_great_concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important.艾滋病是備受關(guān)注的另一個問題，所以性教育和衛(wèi)生保健管理非常重要。句型2：be likely

10、to. 可能會It is_likely_to be just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location.它可能僅是一個公司的名稱，其中可能含有公司的大概位置。句型3：not all.表示部分否定However, not_all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的廣告都是為了贏利而推銷商品和進行服務(wù)。句型4：so/as long as意為“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句According to a resear

11、ch published by Leeds University yesterday, people dont mind bad language on television as_long_as it is not used in programmes watched by children.據(jù)利茲大學(xué)昨天發(fā)表的一項研究稱，電視中的不良語言，只要不用于兒童節(jié)目，人們并不介意。二、語境強化訓(xùn)練.語境填詞根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式1(2019全國卷)Every year about 40，000 people attempt(嘗試；企圖) to climb Kilimanjaro, the hi

12、ghest mountain in Africa.2(2019浙江卷6月)They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene(場景) in England.They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(傳說)3I have a tight budget(預(yù)算) for the trip, so Im not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket

13、prices.4She pretended(假裝) to be calm, but actually she was very nervous at that time.5People with high EQs usually have positive attitudes(態(tài)度) towards life.6What points can be raised in defence(defend) of this argument?7His first novel published(publish) last year is popular with many young readers.

14、8We should make a concrete analysis(analyse) of each specific question.9My explanation(explain) seemed to make things worse, which started to drive me mad.10Approaching(approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.派生詞練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1The company employs 200 people every

15、 year.The employer is kind to the employees,_so if you are a student seeking employment,_it is a good place.(employ)2It is important to protect the environment and we should realize the environmental damage caused by the chemical industry and try to use environmentally friendly products.(environment

16、)3It is our duty to protect our kids.I cant help feeling protective towards my kids every day.For example，Im concerned that my little sons thin coat gives little protection against the cold today.(protect)4His speech was to encourage the people who are in need.These people felt encouraged after hear

17、ing his speech and the result was very encouraging(encourage)5He is so kind that all the students respect him.And for the villagers, he is also a respectable person.When he walks past，many people will stand in respectful silence.(respect).選詞成篇help.out; be used to; participate in; stand out; as long

18、as; in detail; comment on; owe.to.There are 11 students in the football team of our class. Before every match, all of them work out a plan 1.in_detail and they have 2.been_used_to 3.helping each other out. During the match, whoever 4.participates_in it often 5.stands_out. 6.As_long_as they have a ch

19、ance, they work together very well. After the match, they ment_on their separate behaviors and 8.owe their success to their teamwork.look forward to; consist of; stand for; hold the attention of; in favour ofAs we all know, the G20 (or G20 or Group of Twenty) 9.stands_for an international forum for

20、the governments and central bank governors from 20 major economies, which originally 10.consisted_of political leaders from eight countries.They are 11.in_favour_of reforms demanded by the people all over the world and they are also trying to adopt new approaches to ridding the poverty of the world.

21、So they have succeeded in 12.holding_the_attention_of the people all over the world.All the poor people are 13.looking_forward_to the arrival of the happy life.完成句子1他在會上的講話非常有價值。What he said at the meeting was of_great_value2在下屆會議中教育可能成為一個最重要的議題。Education is_likely_to_be a key issue in the next meet

22、ing.3并不是我所有的朋友都懂法語。All my friends do_not_know French.4(2018浙江卷6月)下午，我問保羅叔叔我是否可以騎馬， 他說只要爸爸和我一起去就可以。In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as_long_as_my_dad_went_with_me demandn要求；需要v要求；請求；需要基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2019江蘇卷)More wind power stations will spring up to meet

23、 the demand for clean energy.a.The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to_be_told(tell) what was going on just now.bMy car demands to_be_repaired/repairing(repair), so I have to go to work by bus.This is a demanding(demand) job and a small mistake can make a great difference.The boss demanded

24、 that everyone (should)_attend(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow. 能力提升詞匯升級(普通表達) The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are needed greatly in this city.(高級表達)The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in_great_demand in this city.(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfy ones de

25、mands (for.)滿足某人(對)的需求(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事demand that.(should) do sth. 要求做某事(3)demand to be done/doing 某事需要被做(4)demanding adj. 要求高的佳句背誦 The demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind.對自然資源的需求正成為人類未來一個日益嚴(yán)峻的問

26、題。 arisevi.出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；起身；起床一詞多義寫出下列句中arise的含義Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身(2019全國卷)While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.出現(xiàn)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床As is known to all, em

27、otional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.產(chǎn)生能力提升一句多譯休息時， 我們的班主任開始處理他的課上出現(xiàn)的問題。 At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters arising_from_his_class(分詞作定語)At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which_arose_from_his_class(定語從句)arise (arose, aris

28、en) vi. 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；起因于rise (rose, risen) vi. 升起；上升；起身；增長raise (raised, raised) vt.提升；舉起；飼養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；提出arouse (aroused, aroused) vt. 喚醒；激起 對比記憶 (1)As is known to us, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(2)(2019浙江卷6月)Besides, what you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my int

29、erest in foreign culture.(3)To raise peoples awareness of protecting the environment, we launched a campaign. blamen(對錯事或壞事應(yīng)付的)責(zé)任；過失；責(zé)備v責(zé)備基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(廣東卷)Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. (2017全國卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up

30、in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.Dont always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame(blame)能力提升用blame的適當(dāng)形式完成下面小片段他因這起事故受到了責(zé)備，但他把它歸咎于別人。事實上，是他而不是別人該為此承擔(dān)責(zé)任。He was_blamed_for the accident, but he blamed it on others. In fact, it is he, not others, that

31、is_to_blame_for/takes_the_blame_for it.(1)blame sb.for sth. 因某事而責(zé)備某人blame sth.on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人身上be to blame (for.) 應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該受責(zé)備(2)take the blame for. 對負責(zé)put the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人身上 名師點津 be to blame 用主動形式表示被動含義。詞塊助記take/bear the blame承擔(dān)責(zé)任shift the blame/responsibility 推卸責(zé)任 attemptvt.企圖，嘗試n努力

32、，嘗試基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Kevin had treatment on the understanding that he would attempt to_overcome(overcome) his drinking problem.Dont expect to pass the driving test at the first attempt. After all, youve been learning to drive for only a couple of days.能力提升一句多譯他試圖通過這次考試，但考試太難通過了。He attempted_to_pass/at_passi

33、ng the exam, but it was too difficult to pass.(attempt v)He made_an_attempt_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass. (attempt n)(1)attempt at doing/to do sth.嘗試或努力做某事(2)make an attempt at doing/to do sth. 嘗試或努力做某事at ones first attempt 某人第一次嘗試in an attempt to 力圖；企圖；試圖 佳句背誦 The t

34、own is banning plastic bags in an attempt to protect the environment.為了保護環(huán)境，這個城鎮(zhèn)禁用塑料袋。名師點津 嘗試和做成：(1)嘗試做某事：try to do sth.; have a try at doing sth.; give sth. a try；(2)做成某事：manage to do sth.; succeed in doing sth. pretendv假裝；佯作基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend not to_know(know) us.(

35、2019天津卷)So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to_be_reading(read)He decided to help me but I pretended to_have_finished(finish) my job already.能力提升完成句子/句式升級(普通表達)She pretended_that_she_didnt_know_me/pretended_not_to_know_me(假裝不認(rèn)識我). This really made me upse

36、t.(高級表達)She_pretended_that_she_didnt_know_me/pretended_not_to_know_me,_which_really_made_me_upset.(非限制性定語從句) 佳句背誦 I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.我曾一直欺騙自己，假裝一切都很好。(浙江卷)名師點津 pretend后接不定式時，一定要注意不定式時態(tài)的變化。根據(jù)句意可用一般式、進行式或完成式。和pretend有類似用法的動詞還有happen, appear, seem, claim等。 a

37、pproachv接近；靠近；走近n接近；通路；方法；步驟基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(天津卷)Absorbed in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching(approach)a. (2018全國卷)Chinas approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”.bAt the approach of the 2021 c

38、ollege entrance examination, most of us stay up late to study.能力提升詞匯/句式升級(普通表達) As the time for graduation is coming, we are busy with our papers.(高級表達)As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing_near/around_the_corner,_we are busy with our papers.(高級表達)With_the_time_for_graduation_approaching

39、,_we are busy with our papers.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))approach sb./sth.靠近/接近某人/某物an approach to. 做某事的方法；通向 某地的路at the approach of 在快到的時候佳句背誦 The four diagnostic approaches of TCM consist of observing, listening and smelling, inquiring and pulse taking. 望、聞、問、切是中醫(yī)診斷的四種方法。名師點津 (1)表示“(做)某事的方法”的搭配還有：the way to do/of

40、(doing) sth.；the means of (doing) sth.；the method of (doing) sth.；(2)表示“來臨”的表達有：be approaching; be drawing near; be around the corner scenen(戲劇)一場；現(xiàn)場；場面；景色基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.In the picture, theres a scene where some lovely ch

41、ildren are having a class.能力提升句式升級(普通表達) On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene.There a traffic accident happened.(高級表達)The moment the police received the call, they rushed to the scene, where/in_which_a_traffic_accident_happened(定語從句) on the scene在現(xiàn)場；當(dāng)場；在臺上behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中app

42、ear/come on the scene 出場；登場 佳句背誦 The colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. 棕色的巖石、深綠的松樹和傍晚的陽光混合在一起，創(chuàng)造出一種神奇的景色。(2018浙江卷6月)名師點津 scene有“場景；場面；地點”的含義，后接定語從句，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語時，一般用where或in which來引導(dǎo)。 in favour of支持，贊同基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空It is clea

43、r that the situation is in our enemys favour at the time.Mr.Wang, could I ask a favour of you, please?(浙江卷)They gave me presents of their favo(u)rite(favour) artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists.能力提供完成句子讓我高興的是，我們小組的大多數(shù)人支持我的建議。To my joy, most of our team members are_in_favour_of_my_sug

44、gestion(1)in sb.s favour對某人有利do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb. 幫某人忙ask a favour of sb. 請某人幫忙owe sb.a favour 欠某人人情(2)favo(u)rite adj. 最喜愛的佳句背誦 Everyone in our class voted in favour of the dancing party.我們班里的每個人都投票贊成開舞會。 consist of由組成基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a. (遼寧卷)Life consists(consist) of not only sunshine but al

45、so hard times.b(2018天津卷)Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting(consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.(福建卷)Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.能力提升一句多譯這個微電影由兩部分組成，介紹了我校的現(xiàn)狀。The micro film, which_consists_of/is_made_up_o

46、f/is_composed_of_two_parts,_introduces the present situation of our school. (定語從句)The micro film, consisting_of/made_up_of/composed_of_two_parts,_introduces the present situation of our school. (分詞作定語)(1)consist ofbe made up ofbe composed of由組成(2)consist in(lie in)在于；存在于 佳句背誦 Five people make up the

47、 team; in other words, the team consists of/is composed of/is made up of five people.五個人組成了這個團隊。換句話說， 這個團隊是由五個人組成的。The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but in what we are.真正的財富不在于我們擁有什么，而在于我們的人格。名師點津 consist of不能用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)，?？计洮F(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作定語。類似的短語還有date from/back to, belong to等。 not all.表

48、示部分否定(教材P26)However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的廣告都是為了贏利而推銷商品和進行服務(wù)?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Not all students obey the school rules, so as teachers, we should be strict with them.(全國卷) Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holida

49、y but we cant do both(重慶卷)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.能力提升一句多譯事實是并不是每個人都把時間管理看得很重要。The truth is that not_everyone_is_attaching_great_importance_to time management.The truth is that everyone_is_not_attaching_great_importance_to time management.(1)英語中的all,

50、 both, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等與否定詞not連用，無論not位置如何，均構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“并非都”。 (2)英語中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere 等表否定意義的詞(組)與肯定式謂語一起使用構(gòu)成全部否定。 佳句背誦 Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because all of them are not fit fo

51、r them.Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not all of them are fit for them.所有應(yīng)聘者都得到工作是不可能的，因為他們并非都適合這些工作。 so/as long as意為“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句(教材P28)According to a research published by Leeds University yesterday, people dont mind bad language on television as long as it is not u

52、sed in programmes watched by children.據(jù)利茲大學(xué)昨天發(fā)表的一項研究稱，電視中的不良語言，只要不用于兒童節(jié)目，人們并不介意。能力提升完成句子(全國卷)You can write anything relevant as/so_long_as_its_interesting(只要有趣) and informative.A distant relative is not as_good_as(和一樣好) a near neighbour.As_long_as_you_keep_on_studying_hard(只要你繼續(xù)努力學(xué)習(xí)), you can improv

53、e your maths.(1)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞短語：in case如果；萬一on condition that 只要(2)as.as的其他短語：as well as 也；和as soon as 一就as far as 就而言；至于 佳句背誦 As long as we have a strong will, we will be able to overcome any difficulty.只要我們有堅強的意志，我們就能夠克服任何困難。維度一在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1It is known that a healthy diet will provide protection

54、(protect) against disease.2(2018全國卷)According to the analysis(analyze) of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices.3We can win this argument(argue) if we present the facts clearly tomorrow.4(2018江蘇卷)“If you build it they will come” is a misleading

55、belief(believe)5(2018浙江卷6月)His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental(environment) scientist who studies how to reduce litter.維度二在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~1I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you.2Charlie made an attempt to apologize for what he had done, but his classmates wou

56、ldnt talk to him.3Young people have made a great contribution to Chinas economic development.4It is reported that these GM fruits can defend people against/from cancer, heart attack and many other diseases.5If you want to study abroad, the vocabulary of that countrys language will be in great demand

57、 for you.維度三語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)1A great number of problems have arisen from this act carried out last year.出現(xiàn)2She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.假裝；佯做3The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared, and it was quiet again.場景；場面4At the meeting they discusse

58、d three different approaches to the study of mathematics.方法5Attempting to change someone elses attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.試圖；企圖6The football team, consisting of 22 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.由組成提能一語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)John disliked

59、 studying politics but 1.was_delighted(delight) at legal events at school. Every day he was employed 2.in reading cases about laws. He had a belief 3.that he would defend people from 4.being_treated(treat) unfairly as a lawyer. After graduation, he sent 5.applications(apply) to famous offices for a

60、job as a lawyer. Being a lawyer now, he attempts 6.to_find(find) out evidence in favor of the person who he is in charge of. He often demands that whoever breaks the law 7.should be punished. He is not only 8.humorous(humor) and brave but also honest. Whatever happens, he stands for people 9.bravely(brave). We all hope his career will go ahead as long 10.as possible.提能二話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語