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1、Unit 4 Global warming 三言 兩語(yǔ) 1．It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warmer. 2．It is a shame that students leave the water running without turning off the tap after washing. 3．We should awaken public awareness of protecting the wildlife. 1．只有這樣我們才能與動(dòng)物和諧相處

2、。 Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals. 2．水資源已經(jīng)被污染得如此嚴(yán)重，以至于一些水不適合飲用或使用。 Water resources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or use. [單詞　拼寫應(yīng)用] 核 心 單 詞 1．tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧 2. quantity n．量；數(shù)量 3．glance vi.看一下；掃視 n．一瞥 4．a(chǎn)dvocate vt.擁護(hù)；

3、提倡；主張 5．mild adj.溫和的；溫柔的；淡的 6．range n．種類；范圍 7．widespread adj.分布廣的；普遍的 8．a(chǎn)verage adj.平均的 9．circumstance n．環(huán)境；情況 10. environmental adj.環(huán)境的 [語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．(上海卷)As a result of destroying the forests, large quantities(quantity) of desert have covered the land. 2．The TV show had a massive a

4、udience，ranging (range) from children to grandparents. 3．He glanced (glance) quickly over his shoulder to see if he was being followed. 4．The people who cannot quit smoking may easily be affected by his circumstances (circumstance) and surroundings. 5．The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world's high

5、est plateau，averaging (average) over 4，000 metres above sea level. 拓 展 單 詞 1．oppose vt.反對(duì)； 反抗； 與(某人)較量→opposed adj.反對(duì)的； 對(duì)立的 2．consequence n．結(jié)果； 后果； 影響→consequently adv.因此； 所以 3．state vt.陳述； 說(shuō)明→ statement n．聲明； 陳述； 表達(dá) 4．steady adj.平穩(wěn)的； 持續(xù)的； 穩(wěn)固的→steadily adv.平穩(wěn)地； 持續(xù)地 5．exist vi.存在→existence n

6、．生存； 存在 6．contribute v．貢獻(xiàn)； 撰稿→contribution n．貢獻(xiàn) 7．grow v．增長(zhǎng)； 生長(zhǎng)→ growth n．增長(zhǎng)； 生長(zhǎng) 8．educate v．教育→educator n．教育工作者； 教育家 → education n．教育 9．disagree vi.不同意；意見不合→disagreement n．分歧；不一致 10．pollute vt.污染→pollution n．污染；弄臟→ polluted adj.被污染的 11．exist vi.存在→existence n．生存；存在→ existing adj.目前的；現(xiàn)在的

7、12．economic adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的→economical adj.節(jié)約的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的→ economy n．經(jīng)濟(jì)；節(jié)約 [語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．One of the worst consequences of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer.Consequently, you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent) 2．It was stated that the president made a statement an

8、nouncing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state) 3．Many people do not believe the existence of the ghosts, but many young children believe there exists all kinds of ghosts in the world.How to solve this existing problem? (exist) 4．With the decline of the global economy, her family is

9、faced with many economic aspects, one of which is whether to buy an economical stove to survive the whole winter.(economy) 5．The young man whose parents are both educators is well educated．His parents received good education in a foreign country.(educate) 閱 讀 單 詞 1．random adj.胡亂的；任意的 2．subscr

10、ibe vi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱 vt.簽署(文件)；捐助 3．data n．資料；數(shù)據(jù) 4．trend n．趨勢(shì)；傾向；走向 5．outer adj.外部的；外面的 6．electrical adj.電的；與電有關(guān)的 7．casual adj.隨便的；漫不經(jīng)心的；偶然的 8．motor n．發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) 9．can n．容器；罐頭 10．consume vt.消費(fèi)； 消耗； 耗盡； 吃完 11．refresh vt.使恢復(fù)；使振作 12．renewable adj.能再生的；可更新的 13.byproduct n．副產(chǎn)品 14．drought n．旱災(zāi)；干旱 15．ind

11、ividual n．個(gè)人；個(gè)體 adj.單獨(dú)的；個(gè)別的 16．presentation n．顯示；演出 17．commitment n．承諾；交托；信奉 18．phenomenon n．現(xiàn)象 1．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.普通的 2．(2017·天津卷)I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began flooding

12、in from hundreds of people.大量涌入 [短語(yǔ)　多維應(yīng)用] 高 頻 短 語(yǔ) 1．go up上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起 2．subscribe to同意；贊成；訂購(gòu) 3．quantities of大量的 4．be opposed to反對(duì)…… 5．put up with忍受；容忍 6．a(chǎn)nd so on等等 [語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用]　(填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~) This morning，several classmates and I subscribed ①to the idea that we went to collect rubbish in the Peopl

13、e's Park.On arrival，we found quantities ②of waste plastic bags on the ground.Although we were opposed ③to littering，some visitors ignored us.We couldn't put ④up with their bad behaviors. 7．result in導(dǎo)致 8．keep on繼續(xù) 9．come about發(fā)生；造成 10．on the whole大體上；基本上 11．on behalf of代表……一方；作為……的代言人 [語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用]　(填

14、入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~) We patiently persuaded them not to throw away rubbish，and they finally promised us not to keep ⑤on doing that.So，you see，so long as we do our best，bad phenomena will decrease or will not come ⑥about．⑦On the whole，good actions result⑧ in good outcomes.Don't you think so？ [句式　結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫] 教材原句背誦

15、 句式仿寫應(yīng)用 1．even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. (山東卷)他們將不惜一切代價(jià)送孩子上大學(xué)，即使這會(huì)使他們債臺(tái)高筑。 They will send their kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount

16、 of debt. 2.as/so long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！ 只要我們不失去信心，繼續(xù)努力，我們一定能克服困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。 As/So long as we don't lose heart and keep on trying，we are sure to get over difficulties，and achieve our aims. 1．quantity n．量；數(shù)量；數(shù)目，數(shù)額

17、 a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的 large quantities of 大量的；許多的 in quantity 大量地 put emphasis on quality rather than on quantity重視質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量 huge quantities of food大量的食物 a small quantity of water少量的水 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①a.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are being wash

18、ed (wash) away now. 　b．With more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is being washed (wash) away now. ②We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity. [鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(jí) (普通表達(dá)) Before the exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it.Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeede

19、d in passing the exam. (高級(jí)表達(dá))Before the exam, I spent a large quantity of/a great deal of time in preparing for it.Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam. [名師點(diǎn)津]　(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可數(shù)名詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞。 (2)“a quantity of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致；而“quantities of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用

20、復(fù)數(shù)。 2．oppose vt.反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量 (1)oppose doing 反對(duì)做某事 oppose sb. doing sth.反對(duì)某人做某事 (2)opposed adj.反對(duì)的；對(duì)抗的；敵對(duì)的 be opposed to sth.反對(duì)某事 (3)opposing adj.相反的；對(duì)立的 adv.在對(duì)面 prep.在……對(duì)面 n．對(duì)立面；對(duì)立的人或物 oppose the plan bitterly堅(jiān)決反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃 oppose changing the regulations反對(duì)改變規(guī)則 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①M(fèi)any resi

21、dents opposed the government building (build) a chemical factory near the school. ②a.Opposed(oppose)to the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out. 　b. Opposing(oppose) the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out. ③(2019·浙江卷) By giving kids a lot of praise, paren

22、ts think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite(oppose)． [鏈接寫作]—— 完成句子/句式升級(jí) (普通表達(dá))The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people opposed it/were opposed to it(反對(duì)它)． (高級(jí)表達(dá)) With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the new propos

23、al, the government postponed it.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)) 3．range n．山脈；范圍；行列v.排列；變化；變動(dòng) (1)range from...to...＝ range between...and... 在……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng) (2)a range of 一系列…… a wide range of 大范圍的；各種各樣的 (3)in/within range (of sth.) 在……范圍內(nèi) out of/beyond range (of sth.) 在……范圍外 a range of products一系列產(chǎn)品 a wide range of s

24、ocial，cultural and economic backgrounds不同的社會(huì)、文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)背景 in the 16－19 age range在16到19歲之間 a mountain range山脈 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants. ②a.The price of the car ranges from 20，000 dollars to 30，000 dol

25、lars, which is within his range, so he decides to buy it at once. 　b．(天津卷)The price was beyond our range, so we declined. [鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(jí) (普通表達(dá))In addition to these traditional activities，we have many different choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.(遼寧卷改編) (高級(jí)表達(dá))In additi

26、on to these traditional activities，we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. 4．a(chǎn)verage adj.平均的；普通的；平常的n.平均數(shù)；平均水平v.計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù) on average 平均 an average of...平均有…… with an average of 平均為 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 spend an average of about $200

27、 a year on books平均每年大約花200美元買書 the world's average temperature世界平均溫度 children of average intelligence智力一般的兒童 an average cost/price 平均成本/價(jià)格 an average student一個(gè)普通的學(xué)生 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①(浙江卷)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making it the driest year since California became a sta

28、te in 1850. ②(四川卷)The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men. ③a.The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging(average) almost 10 percent per annum. 　b．The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, with an average of almost 10 pe

29、rcent per year. [鏈接寫作]——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成下面片段 There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, ①with an average of 18 students (平均有18名學(xué)生) in each class.Tom's was ②above average (在平均水平之上)while John's was ③below average (在平均水平之下)． 5．put up with 容忍；忍受 put forward 提出(意見、建議) put on 穿上；上演 put off推遲；延期

30、 put away 放好(某物)；儲(chǔ)存 put down 放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓 put aside 儲(chǔ)存……備用；留下……供專用 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①(2018·浙江卷) So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. ②Every year children put aside some of their pocket money to buy New Year presents. ③We've had to

31、put off our wedding until September. [鏈接寫作]——完成句子 ①學(xué)生們提出了許多需要馬上解決的問(wèn)題。 The students have put forward a lot of questions that need to be solved at once. ②我可以容忍房間里不整齊，但是我討厭房間里臟。 I can put up with the house's being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean. 6． [教材佳句]It is OK to leave an electrical a

32、ppliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！ [句法句式]句中as long as(＝so long as)意為“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。as long as還可表示“與……一樣長(zhǎng)”。 as good as 與……一樣好；幾乎和……一樣 as far as遠(yuǎn)至；就……而言 as well as和……一樣好；除……之外；既……又…… as soon as 一……就…… as many/much as多達(dá)……；和……

33、一樣多 [金句推送] (全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)You can write anything relevant as/so long as it's interesting and informative.只要內(nèi)容有趣且信息量大，你可以寫任何相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——辨析填空(as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as) ①(北京卷)You won't find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it. ②If he finds out that I am lying,

34、I am as good as dead. ③(2018·江蘇卷)All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours，concerts，gallery talks，and family/children's programs are free with admission. ④(上海卷)In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local market

35、. [鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(jí) (普通表達(dá))In our life we may meet many failures.If we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures. (湖南卷) (高級(jí)表達(dá)) In our life we may meet many failures.As long as we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures. 多維訓(xùn)練——夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ) 維度1——用所給詞的正確形式填空 1．

36、Most of the students interviewed last week opposed having (have) classes on Sunday. 2．Quantities of money have been spent (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married. 3．The water recreation centre provides a variety of activities, ranging (range) from swimming to diving. 4．Animal

37、activists advocate that the government (should) set (set) up a special organization to protect these migrating birds. 5．In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted (pollute), we must do something to protect them. 維度2——在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~ 6．(天津卷)He was a good student and

38、 scored above average in most subjects. 7．To get good jobs, they are willing to put up with many of the disadvantages of city life such as heavy traffic and pollution. 8．It was their encouragement and my own thinking that resulted in my slow but steady progress. 9．There is no doubt that the propo

39、sal he put forward at the meeting is unacceptable. 10．We are still wondering how it came about that the experiment ended in failure. 維度3——查缺補(bǔ)漏 11．We should do our work well to make contributions (contribution) to our future, our society and our nation. 12. Consequently (consequent), she understo

40、od it and became interested in Chinese traditional culture. 13．With the housing price going (go)up, more and more people advocate the government take more strict measures to lower property prices. 14．On the other hand, the cost of everything from housing to education has risen steadily (steady) in

41、 recent decades. 15．The children wonder when and how the universe came into existence (exist)． 語(yǔ)篇練習(xí)——提升能力 提能一　單元話題語(yǔ)篇練 根據(jù)P26—27教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 It is well 1．known (know) that global warming results from humans burning fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.S

42、ome byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, 2.of which the most important one is carbon dioxide.These “greenhouse” gases can keep 3.the earth warm enough for us to live on.However, when 4.quantities (quantity) of extra carbon dioxide are put into the atmosphere, the global temperat

43、ure tends 5.to go (go) up. Although scientists have different opinions about the future effects of global 6．warming (warm), most believe that the temperature of the earth would increase by about 5 degrees over the next 100 years, which may cause the sea level to rise, bring about floods, storms, dr

44、oughts, the spread of diseases and the 7．disappearance(disappear) of species.8.But Hambley says more carbon dioxide will make plants grow 9.quicker (quick); crops will produce more and that it will encourage a greater range of animals. Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.The cli

45、mate 10.will keep (keep) on warming for decades or centuries even if we start reducing the amount of greenhouse gases.What will be the future results of global warming？We wait and see. 提能二　單元話題寫作練 1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(加黑體部分請(qǐng)利用本單元所學(xué)詞匯) ①有一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)同全球變暖將會(huì)是一個(gè)大災(zāi)難。 Some scientists subscribe to the view that global w

46、arming will be a catastrophe. ②持續(xù)升高的溫度可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致洪水、干旱和饑餓。 The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines. ③其他科學(xué)家反對(duì)這種觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為這種變暖會(huì)很溫和，不會(huì)在環(huán)境方面導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。 Other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences． ④我認(rèn)為即使結(jié)

47、論不是很明確，也應(yīng)該特別關(guān)注保護(hù)環(huán)境，因?yàn)檫@一定會(huì)有益于我們的健康。 I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health. ⑤我們一起努力做一些能減少二氧化碳排放的事情， 這樣，全球變暖可能就會(huì)變慢。 We work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide,

48、 and the global warming may slow down. 2．升級(jí)平淡句 用條件狀語(yǔ)從句改寫句⑤ As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down. 3．銜接成美文(注意利用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：however) Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady

49、going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines. However, other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences. I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health. As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down. - 11 -