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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes三言兩語1Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth.2Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.3In the meantime, people nationwide are taking

2、 an active part in raising funds for the disaster area/ people nationwide are actively donating money to the disaster area.1盡管如此，政府還是號召全國支持被這次最嚴(yán)重的大災(zāi)難襲擊的地區(qū)。In spite of this, the government called on the whole nation to support the area hit by the worst disaster2此外，市政府及時(shí)采取各種緊急的措施解救被雪災(zāi)困住的群眾，確保一切盡快恢復(fù)正常。

3、Besides, the city government took all kinds of urgent measures to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything would return to normal as soon as possible.單詞拼寫應(yīng)用核心單詞1burst vi.爆裂； 爆發(fā)n突然破裂； 爆發(fā)2disaster n災(zāi)難； 災(zāi)禍3rescue n& vt.援救； 營救4bury vt.埋葬； 掩埋； 隱藏5destroy vt.破壞； 毀壞； 消滅6damage n

4、& vt.損失； 損害7ruin n廢墟； 毀滅vt.毀滅； 使破產(chǎn)8trap vt.使陷入困境n陷阱； 困境9electricity n電； 電流； 電學(xué)10sincerely adv.真誠地；真摯地語境運(yùn)用用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)2(湖北卷)Right after he was rescued(rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins，he sa

5、luted and smiled to them.3With so many miners buried (bury) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.4If it hadnt been for your timely help，we would be trapped (trap) in a dilemma now.5. Disasters(disaster) such as earthquakes and floods are not caused by human beings.拓展單

6、詞1extreme adj.極度的 extremely adv.極度地2judge n裁判員； 法官 vt.斷定； 判斷； 判決 judgement n意見； 判斷力； 審判3injure vt.損害； 傷害 injury n傷害； 損害injured adj.受傷的4nation n民族； 國家； 國民 national adj.國家的； 民族的5frighten vt.使驚嚇； 嚇唬 frightened adj.受驚的； 受恐嚇的frightening adj.令人恐懼的6congratulate vt.祝賀 congratulation n祝賀； (復(fù)數(shù)) 賀詞 7dirt n污垢；

7、泥土dirty adj.臟的； 骯臟的8suffer vt.& vi.遭受； 忍受 suffering n苦難； 痛苦 sufferer n患者； 受害者9shock vt.& vi.(使)震驚； 震動 n休克； 打擊； 震驚 shocking adj.令人震驚的 shocked adj.震驚的10survive vt.& vi.幸存； 幸免于 survivor n幸存者； 生還者； 殘存物 語境運(yùn)用用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frightening scene.(frighten)2

8、The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)3Judging from his looks，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often robs and steals，so the judge points out that a man should not be judged by his app

9、earance.(judge)4We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock)5In the terrible crash of the school bus，many children were injured，and even some suffered severe injuries to their heads and arms.The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)閱讀單詞1canal n運(yùn)河；水道2she

10、lter n掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處3event n事件；大事4outline n要點(diǎn)；大綱；輪廓5headline n報(bào)刊的大字標(biāo)題6track n軌道；足跡；痕跡7well n井8pipe n管；導(dǎo)管9steam n蒸汽；水汽10quake n震動；地震11crack n裂縫；噼啪聲vt.&vi.(使)開裂；破裂12smelly adj.發(fā)臭的；有臭味的13dam n水壩；堰堤14mine n礦；礦山；礦井15bar n條；棒；條狀物1(2019全國卷) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed o

11、nly since the mid1980s.跟蹤(進(jìn)展情況)2(2017全國卷)We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.刻苦鉆研；研究3(重慶卷)He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs.使免于；庇護(hù)短語多維應(yīng)用高頻短語1right away立刻；馬上2in ruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪3a (great) number of

12、許多；大量的4judging from從判斷5be trapped in陷入語境運(yùn)用(填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~)A great number of firefighters were sent to the scene right awayThe fire spread so quickly that the building lay in ruins in no time.Judging from the situation，many people were trapped in the fire.The firefighters did all they could to put out the

13、fire and tried to carry the trapped people out.6think little/nothing of認(rèn)為沒什么了不起7at an end結(jié)束；終結(jié)8dig out掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)9be proud of以而自豪10be buried in埋頭于語境運(yùn)用(填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~)I paid a visit to my cousin before my holiday was nearly at an end.When I came in，he was buried in reviewing his lessons in his study.He got good

14、grades in the final exam and his parents were proud of him.However，he thought nothing of what he had achieved.句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫教材原句背誦句式仿寫應(yīng)用1too.to.意為“太而不能”，表示否定意義In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(2018北京卷)正如諺語所說，活到老學(xué)到老。As the saying goes, “One is never too old to learn”.2.

15、It seems/seemed as if.看起來好像It seemed as if the world was at an end！這個(gè)講故事的人以一種生動的方式給我們講故事，好像他親身經(jīng)歷過的一樣。The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as if he had experienced it himself.3.部分否定：all.not.并非所有的都All hope was not lost.最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，在我們學(xué)校并非所有的學(xué)生都在課余時(shí)間進(jìn)行體育鍛煉。A recent survey shows that all

16、the students in our school dont take physical exercise in their spare time.1burst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現(xiàn)；爆發(fā) n突然破裂；爆發(fā)(1)burst outdoingburst inton.突然起來burst into 闖入burst in 闖進(jìn)來；插話(2)burst with joy/happiness/anger非常高興/勃然大怒burst into cheers爆發(fā)出歡呼聲burst in on a meeting打斷會議基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.He burst in w

17、ithout knocking at the door, which made me very angry.bHe burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.Hearing that my dad would be back from London this week, I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.鏈接寫作完成句子/句式升級聽到兒子在地震中喪生的壞消息， 這對夫婦突然哭起來。(普通表達(dá))When they heard the bad

18、 news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (高級表達(dá))Hearing the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (分詞短語作狀語)2ruin nU毀壞；毀滅；崩潰 C(pl.) 廢墟；遺跡 v(使)破產(chǎn)；(使)墮落；毀滅(1)in ruins成為廢墟(2)ruin oneself毀掉自己； 自取滅亡rui

19、n ones health/fame 毀壞某人的健康/聲譽(yù)ruin the table cloth 弄臟了那塊桌布ruin our friendship破壞了我們的友誼the ruin of civilization文明的毀滅financial ruin破產(chǎn)the ruins of Rome古羅馬遺跡基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.(2019全國卷) Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining(ruin) the atmosphere of peace?bIt

20、rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining(ruin) our holiday.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.鏈接寫作完成句子/句式升級地震之后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟，這讓我們徹夜未眠。(普通表達(dá))The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake and it made us awake all night.(高級表達(dá))The whole city lay in

21、ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night(非限制性定語從句)3bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸；使專心be buried inbury oneself in埋頭于；專心于be buried in thought沉思bury his face in his hands雙手掩面buried treasure埋藏的財(cái)寶基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, burying(bury) her head in the book in her han

22、ds.a.He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.bWhen I entered the room, I found him burying (bury) his face in his hands.鏈接寫作完成句子/句式升級由于他埋頭于書本，他沒注意到其他人已經(jīng)離開了。(普通表達(dá))Because he buried himself in/was buried in his book，he didnt notice that all the others h

23、ad left.(高級表達(dá))Burying himself in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had left.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)(高級表達(dá))Buried in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had left.(過去分詞作狀語)名師點(diǎn)津表示“埋頭于；致力于”的短語還有：be devoted todevote oneself to專心于；致力于be absorbed in全神貫注于；專心于concentrate on集中精力于；專心于focus on集中精力于；專心于fix

24、ones attention on全神貫注于；專心于occupy oneself in doing/withbe occupied with 專心于；忙于4judge vt.斷定；判斷；判決 n裁判員；法官(1)judge.from/by.從來判斷judging by/from從上看；根據(jù)判斷(2)as far as I can judge據(jù)我判斷，我認(rèn)為(3)judgement n裁決；評價(jià)judge a case判案judge sb. guilty判某人有罪not to judge people不要對他人品頭論足基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2018江蘇卷)The economic impact

25、of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged (judge)Judging (judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we shouldnt judge a book by/from its cover.She showed a lack of judgement(judge) when she gave Mark the important job.鏈接寫作完成句子(2017江蘇卷)我認(rèn)為，電影市場在不久的將來會低迷。As far as I can judge

26、, the film market may witness a slowdown in the near future.名師點(diǎn)津judging from/by用在句首時(shí)，為一個(gè)獨(dú)立成分，不受句子主語和時(shí)態(tài)影響，只用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語而不采用過去分詞的形式。5at an end結(jié)束；終結(jié)(1)at the end of在盡頭；在末端by the end of到結(jié)束時(shí)；到時(shí)候?yàn)橹?常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用)in the end最后；終于(2)come to an end結(jié)束put/bring sth.to an end 結(jié)束put an end to sth.結(jié)束；終結(jié)(3)end up結(jié)果為；最終為基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)

27、單句語法填空The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.They didnt know how to put an end to the heated quarrel.His newly written novel had been translated(translate) into English by the end of last month.(2019忻州聯(lián)考)I thought I would be punished for the broken glasses but I ended up bei

28、ng praised (praise) for my honesty.鏈接寫作用end的相關(guān)短語完成小片段At the end of (在末端) the meeting，the general manager said in a loud voice，“Weve tried hard to solve the financial problem，and in the end (終于) weve succeeded.So by the end of (到結(jié)束時(shí)) next week，the bad situation will come to an end (結(jié)束) and everything

29、 will be all right.”6a (great) number of許多；大量的(1)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(2)不可數(shù)名詞(3)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)a.(2019浙江卷) In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen(fall) by more than 55 percent.b(山東卷)A number of high buildings have arisen(arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.a.Large quantitie

30、s of water has been piped to the dry area since last year.hashavebLarge amounts of money is spent on advertisements every year.isare鏈接寫作完成句子(江蘇卷)隨著學(xué)習(xí)英語的人越來越多， 在中文語境里理解這些英語單詞并不是很困難。 As the number of English learners is on the rise, its not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese conte

31、xts.(廣東卷)一位普通的工人向一所大學(xué)捐贈了大量的金錢，這引起了公眾的關(guān)注。A great deal/amount of money was donated to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.名師點(diǎn)津a number of意為“若干；許多”；后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。用作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式；the number of意為“的數(shù)量”，其后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)或具有復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞。用作主語時(shí)，謂語一般要用單數(shù)形式。7教材佳句It seemed as if the world was at an e

32、nd！仿佛到了世界末日！句法句式句中as if as though意為“仿佛，好像”，引導(dǎo)表語從句。常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系動詞之后。(1)如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的情況時(shí)，句子要用陳述語氣。(2)如果所引導(dǎo)的從句只是表示一種假設(shè)的情況，從句的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式如下：as if 金句推送The woman loves the children deeply as if she were their mother.這個(gè)婦女深愛這些孩子，就好像她是他們的媽媽一樣?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Hurry up! It l

33、ooks as if the train is going(go) to move in two minutes.More generally，the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory.(重慶卷)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do) it?鏈接寫作句式升級(普通表達(dá))She walked here and there on the playground as if she was looking for somet

34、hing.(高級表達(dá))She walked here and there on the playground as if looking for something(省略句)(普通表達(dá))The boy stood there with his head bent as if he was criticized by the teacher.(高級表達(dá))The boy stood there with his head bent as if criticized by the teacher(省略句)名師點(diǎn)津如果as if引導(dǎo)的從句的主語和主句的主語一致，并且從句中用be的某種形式，則省略“從句

35、主語be”，從句就變成了“as if/as thoughadj./adv./介詞短語/to do/doing/done”。8教材佳句All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。句法句式句中all .not為部分否定，意為“并非都”，有時(shí)也可用“Not all .”表示。(1)英語中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞not連用，無論not位置如何，均構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英語中的no，none，never，nobody，

36、nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表否定意義的詞與肯定式謂語一起使用構(gòu)成“全部否定”。金句推送Its impossible for all the people to get the jobs because all of them are not fit for them.所有人都得到工作是不可能的，因?yàn)椴⒎撬械娜硕歼m合這些工作?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空/單句改錯(cuò)I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with everything(重慶卷)The meeting will be held in Se

37、ptember, but nobody knows the date for sure.(全國卷) Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do all.allboth鏈接寫作一句多譯(2019重慶適應(yīng)性測試)事實(shí)是并不是每個(gè)人都把合理安排時(shí)間看得重要。The truth is that not everyone is attaching great importance to time management.The truth is that eve

38、ryone is not attaching great importance to time management.多維訓(xùn)練夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)維度1用所給詞的正確形式填空1Now a great many college graduates are (be) seeking for highpaid jobs.But a large number of them are (be) often not able to find a suitable post.2We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were too busy to afford (a

39、fford) it.3School started, but with time going by I felt as if I were (be) in a foreign country.4When she heard the news that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying (cry)5After very careful consideration, I decided to take a risk based on my own judgment(judge)維度2在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~6It h

40、ad gotten very cold, and I guessed the good weather was at an end.7(2019北京東城一模)My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home a lot.8The earthquake did damage to the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in ruins.9He was often found bu

41、ried in his work whenever I came here.10Our English teacher is excellent, but she cant help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.維度3查缺補(bǔ)漏11George is organized, easygoing, hardworking, and intelligent.In a word, I cant think too highly of him.12On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations (congr

42、atulate) to him on his success.13The temple completely destroyed (destroy) by the fire last night was built a long time ago.14A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.15Although it was an extremely (extreme) difficult and dangerous task, he was dete

43、rmined to finish it.語篇練習(xí)提升能力提能一單元話題語篇練根據(jù)P26教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in which thousands of people died and many 1were injured (injure)Many houses 2.fell (fall) down and sand filled the wells instead of water.People were greatly 3.

44、shocked (shock)All the electricity in the city was cut 4.off and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city was pletely (complete) destroyed and the world seemed 6at its end.The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope, because 150, 000 soldiers were sent 7to help (help) the re

45、scue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 8.who were trapped.Workers built shelters for the survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city by every means.Slowly, the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the quake, strange things were happening in the countryside.The

46、 water in the village wells 9.rose (rise) and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of 10.them (they)提能二單元話題寫作練1補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(加黑體部分請利用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)一天夜里，一切都開始搖晃起來。水管爆裂，電力中斷。One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and the electricity cut

47、off無論走到哪里，我們都能看見一切都已經(jīng)變成了廢墟。Wherever we went, we found everything lay in ruins仿佛到了世界末日！It seemed as if the world was at an end!有些人受傷，有些人被埋在廢墟下。Some people were injured; some were buried in the ruins.士兵們立刻前來救援。他們救出了一些被困在廢墟中的人，并將死者掩埋。The soldiers came to the rescue right awayThey saved some people trap

48、ped under the ruins, and buried the dead.在災(zāi)難面前，他們非常愿意幫助那些需要幫助的人。They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters我們再怎么贊揚(yáng)他們也不為過。We cant think too highly of them.2升級平淡句(1)把句升級為定語從句The soldiers came to the rescue right away, saved some people who were trapped under the ruins, and

49、buried the dead.(2)用狀語從句合并句和句They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters, so we cant think too highly of them3銜接成美文(注意利用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：so)One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. Wherever we went, we found everything lay in ruins. I

50、t seemed as if the world was at an end! Some people were injured；some were buried in the ruins. The soldiers came to the rescue right away, saved some people who were trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters, so we cant think too highly of them.- 12 -