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1、Unit 4Pygmalion.閱讀理解(2018北京海淀區(qū)期末)Is Technology Moving Too Fast?Differing fundamentally from the prior technologies such as telephone, television and automobile, which are better known as lock-in, the new technologiescomputers,biotechnology and nanotech(納米技術)are self-accelerating. This means that the

2、 products of their own processes enable them to develop even more rapidly.Since they drive almost whole sectors of society, creating unstable,unpredictable and unreliable conditions, there is a growing public concern that perhaps what civilization needs is a NOT-SO-FAST button.Supporters of technolo

3、gical determinism make a strong case for letting self-accelerating technologies follow their own life cycle. Rapid development in computer technology, they point out, has separated robotics and the Internetto the great benefit of industry and human communications.Besides, it isnt so easy for a free

4、society to put the brakes on technology.Even if one country decided to abandon the next technological revolution, another country, would gladly take it up.However, there are comforting situations in which technology may brake itself.In the aging population of the developed world, many people are alr

5、eady tired of trying to keep up with the latest cool new tech. Youth-driven tech acceleration could be interpreted as simple youthful stupidityshort-sighted and short-lived. The market for change could dry up, and lock-in might again become the norm. Stress and great tiredness make powerful decelera

6、tors.Change that is too rapid can be deeply divisive. If only elite (精英) can keep up, the rest of us will grow increasingly puzzled about how the world works. We can understand natural biology,complex as it is, because it holds still. But how will we ever be able to understand quantum computing (量子計

7、算) or nanotechnology if its complexity keeps accelerating away from us?Constant technological revolution makes planning difficult, and a society that stops planning for the future is likely to become a fragile society. It could experience violent economic unrest. It could slip into wars fought with

8、cruel new weapons. Its widespread new technologies could fail in massive or horrible ways. All these constant, worrying small failures could weaken the whole social progress.With so many powerful forces in play, technology could hyper-accelerate to the stars with astonishing rapidity, or it could st

9、op completely. My expectation is that it will do both,with various technologies proceeding at various rates. The new technologies may be self-accelerating, but they are not self-determining. They are the result of ever renegotiated agreement with society. Because they are so powerful, their paths ma

10、y undergo wild swings, but I think the trend will be toward the dynamic middle:much slower than the optimists expect, much faster than the pessimists think humanity can bear.1.Which of the following views do supporters of technology self-acceleration hold?A.The society is free to make the technology

11、 go more slowly.B.The high rate of computer tech is of great benefit to human.C.Robotics has developed less rapidly than computer technology.D.Self-accelerating technologies promote international cooperation.2.According to the passage, what may slow down the accelerating technology?A.A carefully pla

12、nned society. B.The simple youthful stupidity.C.Peoples stress and exhaustion.D.The rapid change of the market.3.Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To guide the new technologies for a safe acceleration.B.To confirm the public concern about new technologies.C.To explain the threats in

13、 technological self-acceleration.D.To relieve the public fear for technology acceleration.4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?CP:Central pointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點)C:Conclusion語篇解讀:技術飛速進步到底是好事還是壞事?不同的人有不同的看法。技術決定論者認為應該順其自然,但也有人認為技術會自我剎車。答案及剖析:1.B細節(jié)理解題。從第二段中的Rapi

14、d development in computer technology.has separated robotics and the Internetto the great benefit of industry and human communications.可知,計算機技術的快速發(fā)展將機器人技術和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)分離,二者對工業(yè)和人類通信有巨大益處。2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知,在發(fā)達世界的老年人口中,許多人厭倦了去追求新技術。不斷追求新技術會給人帶來壓力。壓力和疲憊會成為強大的減速器。3.D推理判斷題。從第三段的轉折起,作者開始陳述技術會自動剎車的理由。這正好可以緩解第一段中所說的公眾普

15、遍的擔心,即技術過快發(fā)展會給社會帶來不安、不可預測性、不可靠性等種種不利狀況。4.D細節(jié)理解題。第一段大意為:公眾普遍擔心技術過快發(fā)展會給社會帶來不安、不可預測性、不可靠性等種種不利狀況。第二段大意為:技術決定論者提出有力證據(jù),證明可以讓技術按照自我生命周期發(fā)展。第三段是轉折段作者認為技術可以自我剎車。下面三段解釋原因。第四段大意為:壓力和疲憊形成強大的減速器,可以減緩技術的快速發(fā)展。第五段大意為:技術變化過快會使公眾分化,精英們理解并擁抱新技術,余下的公眾處于茫然之中。第六段大意為:持續(xù)不斷的技術革命會讓做計劃變得困難,停止計劃的社會是一個脆弱的社會,最終會減緩社會的進步。第七段是總結段技術

16、的發(fā)展速度最后會比樂觀者認為的慢,會比悲觀者認為的快。因此D項清晰展現(xiàn)了文章整體結構。.七選五(2018廣東肇慶第二次統(tǒng)一檢測)Tips on Impressing an Audience1.Read aloud to kidsVolunteer to read books to children at a library or daycare center.1. You might speak like a favorite movie star for one or imitate a cartoon character for another.“Performing” books can

17、 help you learn to describe different characters and to speak with energy and enthusiasm.2.2. Play “Freeze” with friends. Two players start acting out a scene from a movie, TV show or story. When something in the scene reminds another player of a scene from a different story or show, that person say

18、s “Freeze!”and replaces one of the actors.3. The other actor tries to follow along until someone else in the group thinks of another scene and says “Freeze!” Continue playing as long as you can keep up the creativity.3.Project your voiceAn important skill for speaking in front of an audience is spea

19、king loudly and clearly so that your voice will be heard.4.Lie on the floor with a small paper plate balanced on your stomach. Take a few deep breaths. Watch the plate rise when you inhale (吸氣) and sink when you exhale(呼氣).Breathe again, exhaling longer and trying to make the plate sink lower. As yo

20、u do this, feel your muscles tightening up.5. Try to make the plate sink fast as you shout. Do this a few times daily to build up those muscles and help you push out sound.A.Play an acting game.B.Take another deep breath and shout “ha”.C.The new player begins acting out the new scene.D.Gain confiden

21、ce by practicing as much as possible.E.To do this, you need to develop and use the correct muscles.F.This fast-paced game improves your ability to think on your feet.G.Practice before you read, giving each character a different personality.答案:1-5GACEB.完形填空(2018江西南昌二模)“I have a letter for you ,”my fr

22、iend Kirsten told me on the phone.“I think its from your mother.” I was 1,since my mother had been 2 for seven years.A few weeks later Kirsten handed me the 3 dated Aug.30, 2002. Around then I was preparing for my pilot courses final exam at the 4 school. The students finished the training on 5 days

23、.I was the first to 6.My mothers letter 7 after I left. Kirsten picked it up from my mail-box, to keep 8 she next saw me.9, a few days later, when it was her turn to leave, she 10 the letter among the piles of papers she 11 packed into boxes. It 12 there for a decade, during which my mother died. In

24、 2013, when Kirsten 13 some dusty belongings from her flying school days,she 14 the letter.Its been two years since Kirsten gave me the letter which Ive carried on my long flights. But I havent 15it yet. When I told some friends this, they 16 their heads. They said they wouldnt have been able to wai

25、t a second. Of course, I 17How could I not?about her 18 in the envelope. Surely, I think, she had written to wish me luck, ask about my life and tell me the news from 19 to make me at ease. However, for now its 20 to look at her handwriting on the envelope, and to remember that until I open it, I kn

26、ow Ill hear from her once more.1.A.delightedB.confusedC.terrified D.moved2.A.backB.lostC.deadD.sick3.A.envelopeB.packageC.ticketD.stamp4.A.art B.sports C.flightD.military5.A.blessed B.hard C.particular D.different6.A.fleeB.leave C.abandonD.escape7.A.landedB.returnedC.disappearedD.delivered8.A.untilB

27、.when C.unlessD.after9.A.Surely B.ThankfullyC.DoubtfullyD.Unfortunately10.A.removedB.misplaced C.hidD.unfolded11.A.slowly B.seriously C.hurriedly D.carefully12.A.appearedB.stood C.settledD.remained13.A.sorted through B.set down C.put down D.got through14.A.postedB.recalledC.found D.addressed15.A.rec

28、eivedB.openedC.touchedD.replied16.A.nodded B.liftedC.shook D.lowered17.A.complainB.inquireC.worry D.wonder18.A.wordsB.interests C.puzzleD.secret19.A.networkB.abroadC.papersD.home20.A.appropriateB.enoughC.foolishD.polite語篇解讀:在作者即將從飛行學校畢業(yè)的時候,母親給她寄了一封信。信到的時候,作者已經(jīng)離校。作者的朋友替她收了這封信。但是,由于意外,這封信在朋友那兒放了10年之后才

29、到了作者手里。后來,作者一直隨身攜帶這封信,但一直沒有打開。作者感覺現(xiàn)在只要看到信封上母親的字跡就足夠了。答案及剖析:1.B根據(jù)后文的for seven years及for a decade,during which my mother died可知,作者的母親去世七年之后,朋友打電話告訴作者有一封來自作者母親的信,作者應該是感到很困惑。confused意為“困惑的”,符合語境。delighted意為“高興的”;terrified意為“恐懼的”;moved意為“感動的”。2.C根據(jù)第三段中的It there for a decade,during which my mother died.可知

30、,此處表示作者的母親已經(jīng)去世。dead意為“去世的”,符合語境。back意為“回到原處”;lost意為“丟失的;迷路的”;sick意為“生病的”。3.A根據(jù)第一段中的“I have a letter for you,”和空后的dated Aug.30,2002及第18空后的in the envelope可知,此處應表示朋友遞給作者一個信封,信封上的日期是2002年8月30日。envelope意為“信封”,符合語境。package意為“包裹”;ticket意為“票”;stamp意為“郵票”。4.C根據(jù)空前的my pilot courses及第三段中的flying school days可知,此處

31、表示作者要參加飛行學校的飛行員課程的結業(yè)考試。flight school意為“飛行學?！?符合語境。art意為“藝術”;sports意為“體育運動”;military意為“軍隊(的)”。5.D根據(jù)下一段中的I was the first to 和a few days later,when it was her turn to leave可知,作者和朋友在不同的日期離開,故此處表示學生會在不同的日期完成訓練。different意為“不同的”,符合語境。blessed意為“神圣的;令人愉快的”;hard意為“困難的”;particular意為“特別的”。6.B根據(jù)下一句中的after I left

32、可知,此處表示作者是第一個離開學校的。leave意為“離開”,符合語境。flee意為“逃離”;abandon意為“拋棄”;escape意為“逃跑”。7.A根據(jù)上文可知,十年后作者才從朋友手中拿到母親的信。故此處應表示作者離開之后,她母親的信才到達。land意為“抵達;到達”,符合語境。return意為“返回”;disappear意為“消失”;deliver意為“遞送”。8.A根據(jù)語境可知,克麗絲滕從我的郵箱里把信取出來,想保留著它一直到她下次見到我(就把信給我)。until意為“直到”,符合語境。when意為“當時候”;unless意為“除非”;after意為“在之后”。9.D下文提到克麗絲滕

33、因故沒有及時把信給我,信在她那兒一直放了10年。故此處應表示,不幸的是,幾天后,在她離開時。unfortunately意為“不幸地”,符合語境。surely意為“想必;必定”;thankfully意為“幸好;滿懷感激地”;doubtfully意為“懷疑地”。10.B根據(jù)下一句可知,信在克麗絲滕那兒放了十年才被她發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可推知,克麗絲滕在打點行裝的時候,誤把信放到了她的一堆文件里。misplace意為“把放錯位置”,符合語境。remove意為“移走”;hide意為“藏”;unfold意為“展開;打開”。11.C根據(jù)克麗絲滕誤把信放到她的一堆文件里及常理可知,她應是收拾行裝匆忙才犯了這個錯誤。h

34、urriedly意為“匆忙地”,符合語境。slowly意為“慢慢地”;seriously意為“嚴肅地;認真地”;carefully意為“小心地;仔細地”。12.D根據(jù)上文內容并結合選項可知,此處表示那封信在克麗絲滕那兒放了十年,在這期間作者的母親去世了。remain意為“留存;留在某處”,符合語境。appear意為“出現(xiàn)”;stand意為“站”;settle意為“定居”。13.A根據(jù)常識并結合選項可知,此處表示,2013年,在克麗絲滕整理飛行學校的舊物時,她才發(fā)現(xiàn)了這封信。sort through意為“將分類;整理”,符合語境。set down意為“寫下;記下”;put down意為“放下;記

35、下”;get through意為“完成;渡過(難關)”。14.C根據(jù)下段第一句中的Kirsten gave me the letter可知,此處表示到2013年,她才發(fā)現(xiàn)了這封信。find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,符合語境。post意為“郵寄;張貼”;recall意為“回想起”;address意為“在上寫姓名和地址”。15.B根據(jù)下文的They said they wouldnt have been able to wait a second.和until I open it,I know Ill hear.及選項可知,朋友們說他們會迫不及待地打開這樣的一封信。由此可推知,此處表示作者還沒有打開這封信,o

36、pen意為“打開”,符合語境。receive意為“收到”;touch意為“接觸;觸動”;reply意為“回復”。16.C根據(jù)上題解析可知,作者還沒有打開信;由下文的They said they wouldnt have been able to wait a second.可推知,朋友們不理解作者的做法,因此當作者告訴朋友們這件事時,他們都紛紛搖頭。shake ones head意為“搖頭”,符合語境。nod意為“點頭”;lift意為“抬起”;lower意為“降下”。17.D根據(jù)本句中的Of course和How could I not?及常理可知,作者也想知道母親的信里寫了什么。wonder

37、意為“感到疑惑;想知道”,符合語境。complain意為“抱怨”;inquire意為“詢問”;worry意為“(使)擔心”。18.A根據(jù)下一句中的Surely,I think,she had written to.可知,作者也想知道母親信里寫了什么。sbs words意為“某人說的話;某人寫的內容”,符合語境。interest意為“興趣;愛好”;puzzle意為“難題;拼圖游戲”;secret意為“秘密”。19.D根據(jù)常識可知,母親給孩子寫信,應是告訴孩子來自家里的一些消息,故home符合語境。network意為“網(wǎng)絡”;abroad意為“在/到國外”;papers意為“文件”。20.B根據(jù)空后內容及選項可知,此處表示作者認為看到信封上母親的字跡就足夠了。enough意為“足夠的”,符合語境。appropriate意為“適當?shù)摹?foolish意為“愚蠢的”;polite意為“禮貌的”。8