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1、Unit 4　Pygmalion Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2018北京海淀區(qū)期末) Is Technology Moving Too Fast? Differing fundamentally from the prior technologies such as telephone, television and automobile, which are better known as lock-in, the new technologies—computers,biotechnology and nanotech(納米技術)—are self-accelerating. This mean

2、s that the products of their own processes enable them to develop even more rapidly.Since they drive almost whole sectors of society, creating unstable,unpredictable and unreliable conditions, there is a growing public concern that perhaps what civilization needs is a NOT-SO-FAST button. Supporters

3、 of technological determinism make a strong case for letting self-accelerating technologies follow their own life cycle. Rapid development in computer technology, they point out, has separated robotics and the Internet—to the great benefit of industry and human communications.Besides, it isn’t so ea

4、sy for a free society to put the brakes on technology.Even if one country decided to abandon the next technological revolution, another country, would gladly take it up. However, there are comforting situations in which technology may brake itself. In the aging population of the developed world, m

5、any people are already tired of trying to keep up with the latest cool new tech. Youth-driven tech acceleration could be interpreted as simple youthful stupidity—short-sighted and short-lived. The market for change could dry up, and lock-in might again become the norm. Stress and great tiredness mak

6、e powerful decelerators. Change that is too rapid can be deeply divisive. If only elite (精英) can keep up, the rest of us will grow increasingly puzzled about how the world works. We can understand natural biology,complex as it is, because it holds still. But how will we ever be able to understand q

7、uantum computing (量子計算) or nanotechnology if its complexity keeps accelerating away from us? Constant technological revolution makes planning difficult, and a society that stops planning for the future is likely to become a fragile society. It could experience violent economic unrest. It could slip

8、 into wars fought with cruel new weapons. Its widespread new technologies could fail in massive or horrible ways. All these constant, worrying small failures could weaken the whole social progress. With so many powerful forces in play, technology could hyper-accelerate to the stars with astonishing

9、 rapidity, or it could stop completely. My expectation is that it will do both,with various technologies proceeding at various rates. The new technologies may be self-accelerating, but they are not self-determining. They are the result of ever renegotiated agreement with society. Because they are so

10、 powerful, their paths may undergo wild swings, but I think the trend will be toward the dynamic middle:much slower than the optimists expect, much faster than the pessimists think humanity can bear. 1.Which of the following views do supporters of technology self-acceleration hold? A.The society i

11、s free to make the technology go more slowly. B.The high rate of computer tech is of great benefit to human. C.Robotics has developed less rapidly than computer technology. D.Self-accelerating technologies promote international cooperation. 2.According to the passage, what may slow down the acce

12、lerating technology? A.A carefully planned society. B.The simple youthful stupidity. C.People’s stress and exhaustion. D.The rapid change of the market. 3.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A.To guide the new technologies for a safe acceleration. B.To confirm the public conc

13、ern about new technologies. C.To explain the threats in technological self-acceleration. D.To relieve the public fear for technology acceleration. 4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage? CP:Central point　P:Point　Sp:Sub-point(次要點) C:Conclusion 語篇解讀:技術飛速進步到底是好事

14、還是壞事?不同的人有不同的看法。技術決定論者認為應該順其自然,但也有人認為技術會自我剎車。 答案及剖析: 1.B　細節(jié)理解題。從第二段中的Rapid development in computer technology...has separated robotics and the Internet—to the great benefit of industry and human communications.可知,計算機技術的快速發(fā)展將機器人技術和互聯(lián)網分離,二者對工業(yè)和人類通信有巨大益處。 2.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段可知,在發(fā)達世界的老年人口中,許多人厭倦了去追求新技術。不

15、斷追求新技術會給人帶來壓力。壓力和疲憊會成為強大的減速器。 3.D　推理判斷題。從第三段的轉折起,作者開始陳述技術會自動剎車的理由。這正好可以緩解第一段中所說的公眾普遍的擔心,即技術過快發(fā)展會給社會帶來不安、不可預測性、不可靠性等種種不利狀況。 4.D　細節(jié)理解題。第一段大意為:公眾普遍擔心技術過快發(fā)展會給社會帶來不安、不可預測性、不可靠性等種種不利狀況。第二段大意為:技術決定論者提出有力證據,證明可以讓技術按照自我生命周期發(fā)展。第三段是轉折段——作者認為技術可以自我剎車。下面三段解釋原因。第四段大意為:壓力和疲憊形成強大的減速器,可以減緩技術的快速發(fā)展。第五段大意為:技術變化過快會使公眾

16、分化,精英們理解并擁抱新技術,余下的公眾處于茫然之中。第六段大意為:持續(xù)不斷的技術革命會讓做計劃變得困難,停止計劃的社會是一個脆弱的社會,最終會減緩社會的進步。第七段是總結段——技術的發(fā)展速度最后會比樂觀者認為的慢,會比悲觀者認為的快。因此D項清晰展現(xiàn)了文章整體結構。 Ⅱ.七選五(2018廣東肇慶第二次統(tǒng)一檢測) Tips on Impressing an Audience 1.Read aloud to kids Volunteer to read books to children at a library or daycare center.1.　　　 You might spe

17、ak like a favorite movie star for one or imitate a cartoon character for another.“Performing” books can help you learn to describe different characters and to speak with energy and enthusiasm.? 2.2.　　　 ? Play “Freeze” with friends. Two players start acting out a scene from a movie, TV show or stor

18、y. When something in the scene reminds another player of a scene from a different story or show, that person says “Freeze!”and replaces one of the actors.3.　　　 The other actor tries to follow along until someone else in the group thinks of another scene and says “Freeze!” Continue playing as long as

19、 you can keep up the creativity.? 3.Project your voice An important skill for speaking in front of an audience is speaking loudly and clearly so that your voice will be heard.4.　　? Lie on the floor with a small paper plate balanced on your stomach. Take a few deep breaths. Watch the plate rise wh

20、en you inhale (吸氣) and sink when you exhale(呼氣).Breathe again, exhaling longer and trying to make the plate sink lower. As you do this, feel your muscles tightening up.5.　　　 Try to make the plate sink fast as you shout. Do this a few times daily to build up those muscles and help you push out sound.

21、? A.Play an acting game. B.Take another deep breath and shout “ha”. C.The new player begins acting out the new scene. D.Gain confidence by practicing as much as possible. E.To do this, you need to develop and use the correct muscles. F.This fast-paced game improves your ability to think on you

22、r feet. G.Practice before you read, giving each character a different personality. 答案:1-5　GACEB Ⅲ.完形填空(2018江西南昌二模) “I have a letter for you ,”my friend Kirsten told me on the phone.“I think it’s from your mother.” I was 　1　,since my mother had been 　2　 for seven years.? A few weeks later Kirste

23、n handed me the 　3　 dated Aug.30, 2002. Around then I was preparing for my pilot course’s final exam at the 　4　 school. The students finished the training on 　5　 days.? I was the first to 　6　.My mother’s letter 　7　 after I left. Kirsten picked it up from my mail-box, to keep 　8　 she next saw me.　9　

24、, a few days later, when it was her turn to leave, she 　10　 the letter among the piles of papers she 　11　 packed into boxes. It 　12　 there for a decade, during which my mother died. In 2013, when Kirsten 　13　 some dusty belongings from her flying school days,she 　14　 the letter.? It’s been two year

25、s since Kirsten gave me the letter which I’ve carried on my long flights. But I haven’t 　15　it yet. When I told some friends this, they 　16　 their heads. They said they wouldn’t have been able to wait a second. Of course, I 　17　—How could I not?—about her 　18　 in the envelope. Surely, I think, she h

26、ad written to wish me luck, ask about my life and tell me the news from 　19　 to make me at ease. However, for now it’s 　20　 to look at her handwriting on the envelope, and to remember that until I open it, I know I’ll hear from her once more.? 1.A.delighted B.confused C.terrified D.moved 2.A.back

27、 B.lost C.dead D.sick 3.A.envelope B.package C.ticket D.stamp 4.A.art B.sports C.flight D.military 5.A.blessed B.hard C.particular D.different 6.A.flee B.leave C.abandon D.escape 7.A.landed B.returned C.disappeared D.delivered 8.A.until B.when C.unless D.after 9.A.Surely B.Thankful

28、ly C.Doubtfully D.Unfortunately 10.A.removed B.misplaced C.hid D.unfolded 11.A.slowly B.seriously C.hurriedly D.carefully 12.A.appeared B.stood C.settled D.remained 13.A.sorted through B.set down C.put down D.got through 14.A.posted B.recalled C.found D.addressed 15.A.received B.opene

29、d C.touched D.replied 16.A.nodded B.lifted C.shook D.lowered 17.A.complain B.inquire C.worry D.wonder 18.A.words B.interests C.puzzle D.secret 19.A.network B.abroad C.papers D.home 20.A.appropriate B.enough C.foolish D.polite 語篇解讀:在作者即將從飛行學校畢業(yè)的時候,母親給她寄了一封信。信到的時候,作者已經離校。作者的朋友替她收了這封信。但是,由于意外

30、,這封信在朋友那兒放了10年之后才到了作者手里。后來,作者一直隨身攜帶這封信,但一直沒有打開。作者感覺現(xiàn)在只要看到信封上母親的字跡就足夠了。 答案及剖析: 1.B　根據后文的for seven years及for a decade,during which my mother died可知,作者的母親去世七年之后,朋友打電話告訴作者有一封來自作者母親的信,作者應該是感到很困惑。confused意為“困惑的”,符合語境。delighted意為“高興的”;terrified意為“恐懼的”;moved意為“感動的”。 2.C　根據第三段中的It 　　　　there for a decade,d

31、uring which my mother died.可知,此處表示作者的母親已經去世。dead意為“去世的”,符合語境。back意為“回到原處”;lost意為“丟失的;迷路的”;sick意為“生病的”。? 3.A　根據第一段中的“I have a letter for you,”和空后的dated Aug.30,2002及第18空后的in the envelope可知,此處應表示朋友遞給作者一個信封,信封上的日期是2002年8月30日。envelope意為“信封”,符合語境。package意為“包裹”;ticket意為“票”;stamp意為“郵票”。 4.C　根據空前的my pilot

32、course’s及第三段中的flying school days可知,此處表示作者要參加飛行學校的飛行員課程的結業(yè)考試。flight school意為“飛行學?！?符合語境。art意為“藝術”;sports意為“體育運動”;military意為“軍隊(的)”。 5.D　根據下一段中的I was the first to 　　　　和a few days later,when it was her turn to leave可知,作者和朋友在不同的日期離開,故此處表示學生會在不同的日期完成訓練。different意為“不同的”,符合語境。blessed意為“神圣的;令人愉快的”;hard意為“困

33、難的”;particular意為“特別的”。? 6.B　根據下一句中的after I left可知,此處表示作者是第一個離開學校的。leave意為“離開”,符合語境。flee意為“逃離”;abandon意為“拋棄”;escape意為“逃跑”。 7.A　根據上文可知,十年后作者才從朋友手中拿到母親的信。故此處應表示作者離開之后,她母親的信才到達。land意為“抵達;到達”,符合語境。return意為“返回”;disappear意為“消失”;deliver意為“遞送”。 8.A　根據語境可知,克麗絲滕從我的郵箱里把信取出來,想保留著它一直到她下次見到我(就把信給我)。until意為“直到”,

34、符合語境。when意為“當……時候”;unless意為“除非”;after意為“在……之后”。 9.D　下文提到克麗絲滕因故沒有及時把信給我,信在她那兒一直放了10年。故此處應表示,不幸的是,幾天后,在她離開時……。unfortunately意為“不幸地”,符合語境。surely意為“想必;必定”;thankfully意為“幸好;滿懷感激地”;doubtfully意為“懷疑地”。 10.B　根據下一句可知,信在克麗絲滕那兒放了十年才被她發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可推知,克麗絲滕在打點行裝的時候,誤把信放到了她的一堆文件里。misplace意為“把……放錯位置”,符合語境。remove意為“移走”;hide

35、意為“藏”;unfold意為“展開;打開”。 11.C　根據克麗絲滕誤把信放到她的一堆文件里及常理可知,她應是收拾行裝匆忙才犯了這個錯誤。hurriedly意為“匆忙地”,符合語境。slowly意為“慢慢地”;seriously意為“嚴肅地;認真地”;carefully意為“小心地;仔細地”。 12.D　根據上文內容并結合選項可知,此處表示那封信在克麗絲滕那兒放了十年,在這期間作者的母親去世了。remain意為“留存;留在某處”,符合語境。appear意為“出現(xiàn)”;stand意為“站”;settle意為“定居”。 13.A　根據常識并結合選項可知,此處表示,2013年,在克麗絲滕整理飛行

36、學校的舊物時,她才發(fā)現(xiàn)了這封信。sort through意為“將……分類;整理”,符合語境。set down意為“寫下;記下”;put down意為“放下;記下”;get through意為“完成;渡過(難關)”。 14.C　根據下段第一句中的Kirsten gave me the letter可知,此處表示到2013年,她才發(fā)現(xiàn)了這封信。find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,符合語境。post意為“郵寄;張貼”;recall意為“回想起”;address意為“在……上寫姓名和地址”。 15.B　根據下文的They said they wouldn’t have been able to wait a s

37、econd.和until I open it,I know I’ll hear...及選項可知,朋友們說他們會迫不及待地打開這樣的一封信。由此可推知,此處表示作者還沒有打開這封信,open意為“打開”,符合語境。receive意為“收到”;touch意為“接觸;觸動”;reply意為“回復”。 16.C　根據上題解析可知,作者還沒有打開信;由下文的They said they wouldn’t have been able to wait a second.可推知,朋友們不理解作者的做法,因此當作者告訴朋友們這件事時,他們都紛紛搖頭。shake one’s head意為“搖頭”,符合語境。n

38、od意為“點頭”;lift意為“抬起”;lower意為“降下”。 17.D　根據本句中的Of course和How could I not?及常理可知,作者也想知道母親的信里寫了什么。wonder意為“感到疑惑;想知道”,符合語境。complain意為“抱怨”;inquire意為“詢問”;worry意為“(使)擔心”。 18.A　根據下一句中的Surely,I think,she had written to...可知,作者也想知道母親信里寫了什么。sb’s words意為“某人說的話;某人寫的內容”,符合語境。interest意為“興趣;愛好”;puzzle意為“難題;拼圖游戲”;secret意為“秘密”。 19.D　根據常識可知,母親給孩子寫信,應是告訴孩子來自家里的一些消息,故home符合語境。network意為“網絡”;abroad意為“在/到國外”;papers意為“文件”。 20.B　根據空后內容及選項可知,此處表示作者認為看到信封上母親的字跡就足夠了。enough意為“足夠的”,符合語境。appropriate意為“適當?shù)摹?foolish意為“愚蠢的”;polite意為“禮貌的”。 8