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1、考點(diǎn)01 冠詞【命題解讀】冠詞是歷年高考的必考點(diǎn)，常出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)中。但從整套試題來(lái)看，在短文改錯(cuò)、書(shū)面表達(dá)、閱讀理解等題型中對(duì)冠詞的隱性考查可謂無(wú)處不在。在日常交際中，幾乎每說(shuō)一句話、每寫(xiě)一篇日記、每讀一篇文章都會(huì)涉及冠詞的運(yùn)用。故不論高考的考查形式如何變化，冠詞仍應(yīng)是高考復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。【命題預(yù)測(cè)】預(yù)計(jì)2020年的高考仍然會(huì)以考查冠詞在具體語(yǔ)境中的正確使用為主，以語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)的形式出現(xiàn)，它可能把冠詞的各種用法結(jié)合名詞一起進(jìn)行考查。【復(fù)習(xí)建議】 復(fù)習(xí)冠詞須把握好以下三個(gè)原則：1.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞用不定冠詞a/an表示泛指；2.復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，其前不加冠

2、詞；3.無(wú)論可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，表示特指時(shí)，其前都要加定冠詞the?？枷蛞徊欢ü谠~1.不定冠詞有a和an 兩種形式。a用在以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的名詞前，an用在以元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前。In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大學(xué)里，一個(gè)歐洲人和一個(gè)一只眼的人拿著一件有用的工具沿著一條單行道走著。這是一件平常之事。An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual

3、 gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小時(shí)前，一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人接受了一件非同尋常的禮物，去完成一項(xiàng)光榮的任務(wù)。2.不定冠詞a/an用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。The Chinese Dream is a dream to improve peoples well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.中國(guó)夢(mèng)是一個(gè)改善民生的夢(mèng)，是一個(gè)和諧、和平和發(fā)展的夢(mèng)。3.表示某種身份、職業(yè)、地位、國(guó)籍。When the Ashleys tried to make her retu

4、rn，Mumbet consulted a lawyer，Theodore Sedgewick.當(dāng) Ashleys一家試圖讓她回來(lái)時(shí)，Mumbet咨詢了一個(gè)叫西奧多塞奇威克的律師。4.用在人名或時(shí)間名詞前表示不確定的某個(gè)人或某個(gè)時(shí)間；用在人名前還可表示與某人有類似性質(zhì)的人。Excuse me，is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood？There is a parcel for him.Sorry，but there is no such person here.勞駕，這個(gè)居民點(diǎn)住著一位名叫Tailor的先生嗎？這里有他的包裹。對(duì)不起，這兒沒(méi)

5、有這么一個(gè)人。5.不定冠詞用在序數(shù)詞前不表示排序，而表示再一，又一。She didnt like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜歡這兩個(gè)包的顏色，又要了一個(gè)。6.表示單位時(shí)間內(nèi)的頻度，含有每的概念。The medicine is to be taken three times a day.這藥每天吃三次。7.具有動(dòng)作意義的名詞在與have，take，make等構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)表示一種短暫性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，前面要加不定冠詞。如：take a look看一看；have a try試一試。You had better go to th

6、e factory and have a look.你最好到廠里去看一看。8.不定冠詞常用在一些固定搭配中。如：a waste of浪費(fèi)；all of a sudden突然地；as a rule通常。It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起，我把她的生日給忘了。1.（2019新課標(biāo)I卷短文改錯(cuò)）Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.【答案】 Suddenly football fell just in front of m

7、e almost hit me.【解析】考查冠詞。名詞football為可數(shù)名詞，前邊需要有限定詞。這里football第一次出現(xiàn)，故在football前加a；考查連詞。句意：突然一個(gè)足球落在我前邊并且差點(diǎn)打到我?！白闱蚵湎聛?lái)”與“打到我”兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是順承關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故將but改為and。2. （2018新課標(biāo)II卷短文改錯(cuò)）As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.【答案】the改

8、為a 【解析】考查冠詞。這里表示“作為一個(gè)孩子”，a用在表示泛指的單數(shù)名詞前，the表示特指。故把the改為a。3.（2017新課標(biāo)1卷語(yǔ)法填空）As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.【答案】a 【解析】考查冠詞。固定短語(yǔ)as a result表示“結(jié)果”。句意：結(jié)果，人們將吃更多的食物去彌補(bǔ)損失的東西。故填a。4.（2017新課標(biāo)3卷語(yǔ)法填空）But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spen

9、ding half-term resting (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as 62 model in New York.【答案】a【解析】考查冠詞。model是可數(shù)名詞，前面沒(méi)有限定詞，而此處泛指 一個(gè)，故填a。5. _prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a【答案】D【解析】句意：這個(gè)比賽獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品是一個(gè)巴黎的兩個(gè)星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指

10、獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品，用定冠詞，第二空是泛指一個(gè)兩周的假期，用不定冠詞a。故選A。【口訣助記】泛指首提為最多，有時(shí)表示某“一個(gè)”；物質(zhì)抽象表“一場(chǎng)”，so加形容再跟“a”；可數(shù)名詞為“一類”，序數(shù)詞前“又一個(gè)”；quite等詞常放后，固定短語(yǔ)須琢磨?？枷蚨ü谠~1.用在名詞前表示特指。Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?Yes，as you know，the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere.你昨天玩得開(kāi)心嗎？是的，正如你所知，晚會(huì)是在愉快的氣氛中進(jìn)行的。2.用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的人或物、自然現(xiàn)象、發(fā)明物之前。Do you kno

11、w who invented the telephone?你知道是誰(shuí)發(fā)明了電話嗎？3.用在序數(shù)詞、比較級(jí)(兩者相比較，表示特指的時(shí)候)和最高級(jí)前。Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two？你認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)故事中哪個(gè)更有趣？4.用于集合名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和某些專有名詞前。Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013陜西)據(jù)說(shuō)在十三世紀(jì)馬可波羅去爪哇島途中曾航行經(jīng)過(guò)太

12、平洋。5.定冠詞the和形容詞、過(guò)去分詞連用，表示一類人或事物。Many of the injured are still in danger.許多受傷者仍處于危險(xiǎn)中。6.用在表示計(jì)量的名詞前如by the hour，by the dozen等，但若名詞為抽象名詞則不加冠詞如by weight，by height等。Its said John will be in a job paying over $ 60，000 a year.Right，he will also get paid by the week.據(jù)說(shuō)約翰將擁有一份年收入超過(guò)60 000美元的工作。是的，而且會(huì)按周獲得報(bào)酬。7.定

13、冠詞the用在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示全家人或夫妻倆。The Whites settled down in Canada last year.去年懷特一家在加拿大定居。8.用在方位名詞和西洋樂(lè)器名詞前。the east 東部play the piano 彈鋼琴【口訣助記】特指雙方都熟悉，上文已經(jīng)被提及。世上無(wú)二僅獨(dú)一，序數(shù)詞和最高級(jí)。山河海島建筑物，姓氏復(fù)數(shù)奏樂(lè)器。少數(shù)形表人一類，方位名詞須牢記。普構(gòu)專有慣用詞，試用此訣有效率。1.（2019浙江卷語(yǔ)法填空）Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠詞。句意：每個(gè)人都穿相同

14、風(fēng)格的衣服。same是形容詞，意思是“相同的”，常與the連用修飾名詞。故填the。2. （2017年新課標(biāo)2卷短文改錯(cuò)）During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. 【答案】 countryside前加the 【解析】句意：去年寒假，我和父親去鄉(xiāng)下拜訪爺爺奶奶。此處特指去的是鄉(xiāng)下，故加定冠詞the。3. （2017年新課標(biāo)3卷短文改錯(cuò)）Around me in picture are the things which were very importa

15、nt in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.【答案】 picture前加the或this 【解析】考查限定詞的用法。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前應(yīng)該有限定詞，根據(jù)句意可知在picture前加the或者this。4.Janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.A. a;不填B. the; the C. 不填;the D. a;the【答案】D【解

16、析】句意：多年來(lái)，簡(jiǎn)的奶奶想寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)于兒童的書(shū)，但總是被這樣或那樣的原因阻礙了。第一個(gè)空使用不定冠詞表泛指，第二個(gè)in the way 是固定搭配，意為擋道或阻礙。定冠詞用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠詞用于泛指。選D?？枷蛉愎谠~1.不可數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，用零冠詞。Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)非常需要教師。2.稱呼語(yǔ)及表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，不加冠詞。Dr. Peter Spence，headmaster of the school，told us，A fifth of p

17、upils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.這所學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)Peter Spence博士告訴我們，這里五分之一的學(xué)生將繼續(xù)到牛津或劍橋大學(xué)深造。3.月、季、星期、節(jié)假、洲前；三餐、球類、慣用語(yǔ)前；學(xué)科、棋類名詞前，用零冠詞。A year can be divided into four seasons spring，summer，autumn and winter.一年可以分為四季春、夏、秋、冬。4.no與such連用時(shí)應(yīng)放在such之前，such后的名詞不用冠詞。There is no such thing as a free lunch

18、 in the world.天下沒(méi)有免費(fèi)的午餐。5.在turn(變成)作表語(yǔ)的名詞前不用冠詞，但become后的可數(shù)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)前要加冠詞。He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher.他成了一名醫(yī)生而他弟弟當(dāng)了教師。1.Dr.PeterSpence,_headmasteroftheschool,toldus,_fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.A.不填；AB.不填；TheC.the;TheD.a;A【答案】A【解析】句意為校長(zhǎng)PeterSpence告訴我們說(shuō)，我校的五分之

19、一學(xué)生將到牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)去學(xué)習(xí)。headmaster校長(zhǎng)，職務(wù)前面不加冠詞；afifth表示五分之一。選A。2.Somepeoplefearthat_airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_weatheraroundtheworld.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a【答案】A【解析】Airpollution是抽象名詞這里是泛指，其前不用冠詞； weather這里是特指全球的氣候，根據(jù)theweatheraroundtheworld可知答案為A【口訣助記】名詞復(fù)數(shù)泛指人，冠詞用法是個(gè)零。專有、物質(zhì)、抽象名，泛指時(shí)候冠不行。含有day的節(jié)

20、假日，不用冠詞莫忘記。季節(jié)月份星期幾，不用冠詞有道理。三餐飯和打球前，不用冠詞理當(dāng)然。名詞前邊已有代，不用冠詞也無(wú)礙。固定詞組多注意，用與不用小心記。稱呼頭銜不用冠，總共八條切莫亂?？枷蛩?冠詞的位置 1. 不定冠詞位置不定冠詞常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前。注意：a. 位于下列形容詞之后： such，what，many，half， I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job.b. 當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞被副詞as, so, too, how, however, enough修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后： It is

21、as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a distance.c. quite，rather與單數(shù)名詞連用，冠詞放在其后。但當(dāng)rather，quite 前仍有形容詞，不定冠詞放其前后均可。如：quite a lot d. 在as，though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)標(biāo)語(yǔ)為形容詞修飾的名詞時(shí)，不定冠詞放形容詞后： Brave a man though he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他盡管勇敢，可見(jiàn)到蛇還是發(fā)抖。 當(dāng)名詞被比較級(jí)形容詞修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞通

22、常置于比較級(jí)形容詞之后。2.定冠詞位置定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前，但放在all， both，double，half，twice，three times等詞之后，名詞之前。All the students in the class went out.班里的所有學(xué)生都出去了。學(xué)習(xí)冠詞的難點(diǎn)一、在特殊情況下混用a和an關(guān)于a和an的一般區(qū)別，同學(xué)們可能比較清楚，也不易搞錯(cuò)，但是對(duì)于數(shù)字和字母前用該用不定冠詞a還是an，則是許多考生可能忽略的問(wèn)題。如：They have an 8-year-old daughter. 他們有一個(gè)8歲大的女兒。(數(shù)字8在英語(yǔ)中讀音與eight同，故其前用an，不用

23、a;類似地，我們要說(shuō)an 11-year-old child，不能說(shuō)a 11-year-old boy。)Our daughter sent us an SOS for some more money. 我們的女兒給我們發(fā)來(lái)了再要點(diǎn)錢的求救信號(hào)。(字母s的讀音為es，它的第一個(gè)音為元音，故其前要用an。)二、星期名詞前冠詞的使用問(wèn)題表示星期的名詞(如Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday等)一般不與冠詞連用，但有時(shí)為了表示特指可以帶定冠詞;若表示不確定的某一個(gè)，其前可用不定冠詞。如：When can I have my birthday party? On the Saturda

24、y nearest to it. 我的生日慶祝會(huì)在哪天舉行?就在離你生日最近的那個(gè)星期六吧。Christmas Day falls on a Monday. 今年的圣誕節(jié)是星期一。You wont catch me working on a Sunday! 你絕對(duì)見(jiàn)不到我在星期日工作!He never opens up shop on a Sunday. 星期日他的商店從不營(yíng)業(yè)。We had a card from her on the Friday after she got back. 在她回去后的那個(gè)星期五我們收到了她的明信片。When can I have my birthday pa

25、rty? On the Saturday nearest to it. 我的生日慶祝會(huì)能在哪天舉行?在離你生日最近的那個(gè)星期六吧。三、三餐飯前冠詞的使用問(wèn)題一般說(shuō)來(lái)，表示一日三餐的 breakfast, lunch, supper前不用冠詞。如：Breakfast is served until 9 a.m. 早餐一直供應(yīng)到上午9點(diǎn)。Can you manage lunch on Tuesday? 你星期二能來(lái)吃午飯嗎?但是，若要特指某一頓早餐、中餐或晚餐，則可在其前加定冠詞。如：The supper is well cooked. 晚飯做得很好。Thank you for the break

26、fast. 謝謝你的這頓早餐。另外，若 breakfast, lunch, supper 受到描繪性定語(yǔ)的修飾，則其前通常要用不定冠詞。如：We make a good breakfast before leaving. 我們動(dòng)身前好好吃頓早飯。Ive got out of the habit of having a cooked breakfast. 我已不再保持早餐吃熱食的習(xí)慣。After a quick breakfast, he hurried to the station. 匆匆忙忙吃完早餐，他就趕到車站去了。We were well primed for the journey w

27、ith a large breakfast. 為了去旅行, 我們?cè)绮投汲缘蔑栵柕?。_ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _ packed lunch.A. A; a B. The; 不填C. The; a D. A; 不填【答案】C【解析】第一空填定冠詞，表特指；第二空填不不定冠詞，因?yàn)槊~lunch前帶有描給性修飾語(yǔ)，a packed lunch在此指打包的午餐。四、冠詞的非前位用法限定語(yǔ)與所修飾的中心名詞的關(guān)系一般順序是：冠詞+表示大小尺寸的限定詞+表示顏色的限定詞+表示原材料的限定詞+中心名詞。但在某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，冠詞放在了形容詞之后。

28、1.Peter wont drive us to the station. He has_ to take us all.A. a very small car B. too small a carC. a too small car D. such a small car【答案】B【解析】C迷惑性較大，學(xué)生都學(xué)過(guò)too +adj./adv. +to結(jié)構(gòu)，但對(duì)于too +adj.+n.+to結(jié)構(gòu)不熟悉。解題方法與技巧：名詞前修飾語(yǔ)一般正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋翰欢ü谠~+形容詞+名詞。但有些固定結(jié)構(gòu)需注意，如too+adj. +a/an+n.。2.Exercise is _ as any other to l

29、ose unwanted weight.A.so useful a way B.as a useful wayC.as useful a way D. such a useful way【答案】C【解析】錯(cuò)解分析：A、B迷惑性較大，soas結(jié)構(gòu)常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，故不能選A、B。解題方法與技巧：名詞前修飾語(yǔ)正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋翰欢ü谠~+形容詞+名詞，但有些固定結(jié)構(gòu)需注意，如：as+adj. +a/an+n.【錦囊妙計(jì)】1.不定冠詞用在quite，rather，many，half，what，much等詞之后。例如：He is rather a fool.What did you think of th

30、e concert？Oh，it was quite a success.2.不定冠詞用在so（as，too，how）+形容詞之后。例如：She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.Its too difficult a book for us to read.注意：以元音音素開(kāi)頭的名詞前加不定冠詞時(shí)用an。例如：an apple。即使單詞拼寫(xiě)以輔音字母開(kāi)頭，但該詞的讀音是元音音素開(kāi)頭，加不定冠詞時(shí)也要用an，例如：an hour，an honest boy；反之，拼寫(xiě)以元音字母開(kāi)頭，但讀音是輔音，加不定冠詞時(shí)要用a，例如：a universi

31、ty。3.sothat與suchthat:sothat和suchthat都作如此以致解，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)句型如下：sosuchthat和sothat有時(shí)可以換用，條件是such所修飾的名詞必須是一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，且該名詞還帶有表性質(zhì)的形容詞。轉(zhuǎn)變公式如下：such a/an+形容詞+名詞so+形容詞+a/an+名詞。例如：He is such a good student that we all like him.He is so good a student that we all like him。但是，如果是不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，則只能用such，不能用so修飾。例如：

32、It was such bad weather that he had to stay at home。如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有many，few，不可數(shù)名詞前有much，little等表示量的形容詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該用so而不用such。如：Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over.Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together（維持生活）。但little不表示數(shù)量而表示小的意思時(shí)，仍用such。例如：They are su

33、ch little children that they cannot clean the house by themselves.題組一（真題在線）1.（2016浙江）_prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a2.（2016全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷II語(yǔ)法填空）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or

34、doing something you enjoy. 3.（2018新課標(biāo)卷III語(yǔ)法填空）Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears.4.（2015浙江）Janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years, but one thing or a

35、nother always got in way.A. a;不填B. the; the C. 不填;the D. a; the5.（2015重慶）I just heard_ bank where Dora works was robbed by_ gunman wearing a mask.A. the; / B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the6.（2014重慶）I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village. A. the; a B. a; / C

36、. a; the D. the; /7.（2014天津）Life the like _ ocean; Only _strong-willed can reach the other shore.A. an; the B. the; a C. the ;/ D. / ; a8.（2014江西）They chose Tom to be _captain of the team because they knew he was _smart leader.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 9.（2014陜西）_ village where I was b

37、orn has grown into _ town.A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a10.（2014浙江）The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days _ week, often long into _ night.A. a; the B. the;不填 C. a; a D.不填；the題組二1.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.A. a B. an C. the D.不填2.Ho

38、w do you like his plan?It may be great in _ theory, but how will it work in _ practice?A. the; theB./; /C. the; /D./; the3.We have every reason to believe that _ 2022 Winter Olympic Games will be _ great success.A./ ; aB. the; /C. the; aD. a; a4.Lily owns _ larger collection of _ books than any othe

39、r student in our class.A. the; /B. a; /C. a; theD./; the5._ headmaster Smith is quite good at painting and it is said that he is _ Picasso.A. The; /B./;a C./;/D. The; a6.What _great fun it is to play with computer games!Dont you think its _waste of time?A. a; aB./;aC./; theD. the; the7.The woman has

40、 _ complete absence of small talk. As a consequence, she acted as if she hadnt recognized me and didnt make _sound.A./; aB. a; aC. the;/D. a; the8. China you see today is powerful and fast-developing country, quite different from what it used to be.A. The; a B. The; the C. 不填; a D. 不填; the9.In 1778,

41、 Banks was elected _ president of the Royal Society, _position he held for 42 years.A./, theB. the, /C. the, theD./, a10.I am not fond of _ music very much, but I do like _ music they are dancing to.A.不填; 不填B. the; theC. the; 不填D.不填; the題組三語(yǔ)篇填空(用a/an/ the填空)There once was a king who offered _1_ priz

42、e to _2_artist who would paint _3_ best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all _4_ pictures. But there were only two he really liked，and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhe

43、ad was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was _5_ perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains，too. But these were rugged (崎嶇的) and bare. Above was _6_angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down _7_side of the mountain tu

44、mbled (翻騰) a foaming (水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind _8_ waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack (裂縫) in the rock. In the bush _9_ mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water，sat the mother bird on

45、her nestin perfect peace.The king chose _10_second picture.題組一1.D【解析】句意：這個(gè)比賽獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品是一個(gè)巴黎的兩個(gè)星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品，用定冠詞，第二空是泛指一個(gè)兩周的假期，用不定冠詞a。故選D。2. a【解析】介詞短語(yǔ)for a while意為一會(huì)兒，本句是指通過(guò)鍛煉或做一些你喜歡的事情，讓你的身體和大腦休息一會(huì)兒。3. the 【解析】考查冠詞。此處為固定短語(yǔ)at the top of，此處表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。4.D【解析】句意：多年來(lái)，簡(jiǎn)的奶奶想寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)于兒童的書(shū)，但總是被這樣或那樣的原因阻

46、礙了。第一個(gè)空使用不定冠詞表泛指，第二個(gè)in the way 是固定搭配，意為擋道或阻礙。定冠詞用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠詞用于泛指。選D。5.C 【解析】句意：我剛剛聽(tīng)說(shuō)朵拉工作的那家銀行被一個(gè)帶面具的持槍人給搶劫。第一個(gè)空表示朵拉工作的那家銀行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一個(gè)帶面具的持槍人表示泛指，用a。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】冠詞的運(yùn)用要把握 a 一般表示泛指某一類人或物，意為任何一個(gè)，任一 。the 表示表示特指，或有某類型的修飾。 6.A【解析】去威爾遜家的道路是特定的，故選擇定冠詞；本村沒(méi)有叫做威爾遜的人。叫威爾遜的人有很多，不具有唯一性，故選擇不定冠詞。A項(xiàng)正確。7.A【解析】

47、句意：生活就像一片海；只有那些意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人才能到達(dá)彼岸。ocean海洋，是可數(shù)名詞，又是元音開(kāi)頭，所以用an；strong-willed是形容詞，前面用the 表一類。又如。the injured傷員。故選A。 8.C 【解析】Captain后跟了個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)of the team作定語(yǔ)，表特指；后一空表類型（一個(gè)聰明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者），因此C選項(xiàng)正確。句意為 他們選了湯姆為這個(gè)隊(duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，那是因?yàn)樗麄冎罍肥莻€(gè)聰明的頭兒。9.A【解析】考查冠詞。第一空后的名詞后有where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，故應(yīng)是特指，用the；第二空表示一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)，故填不定冠詞a。故選A。10.A 【解析】第一空a表示每一；into t

48、he night到深夜；句意：我的論文下個(gè)月就要交，我現(xiàn)在一周工作七天，還經(jīng)常熬夜到深夜。故選A?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】考生做題時(shí)要保持清醒的頭腦，準(zhǔn)確猜摸出題人意圖。week是普通的可數(shù)名詞，就可以用a修飾， into the night是約定俗成的短語(yǔ)，就算考試時(shí)考生不能詳細(xì)闡述該理由，但是根據(jù)以往做題見(jiàn)到的句子、用法，可以發(fā)散思維，準(zhǔn)確選出答案，沒(méi)必要在考場(chǎng)死扣某一題原理，這在平時(shí)就需要大量的英語(yǔ)閱讀、做題，才能厚積薄發(fā)。題組二1. A 【解析】考查冠詞。本題考查不定冠詞在人名前，表示：一個(gè)像那樣的人。故選擇A。句意：Brian在創(chuàng)作音樂(lè)上極有才華，他很有可能成為一個(gè)像貝多芬那樣的人才。2.B 【

49、解析】考查冠詞。句意：你覺(jué)得他的計(jì)劃怎么樣?可能從理論上來(lái)說(shuō)是很好，但在實(shí)踐中它會(huì)起作用嗎？in theory理論上，從理論上看；in practice在實(shí)踐中；實(shí)際上。故選B。3.C 【解析】考查冠詞。這里特指2022年的冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)，所以用定冠詞；success可以用作可數(shù)名詞，指一個(gè)成功的人或一件成功的事。句意：我們有理由相信2016年的奧運(yùn)會(huì)將會(huì)是成功的。故選C。4.B 【解析】考查冠詞。a collection of +名詞的復(fù)數(shù)是常用結(jié)構(gòu)，意為一批，一些；許多的；第二空后的名詞泛指書(shū)籍，用a larger collection of來(lái)修飾，指許多書(shū)，因此不用冠詞。故選B。5.B 【解

50、析】考查冠詞。句意：史密斯校長(zhǎng)很擅長(zhǎng)繪畫(huà)，據(jù)說(shuō)他是一個(gè)畢加索。headmaster, monitor, chairman等獨(dú)一無(wú)二的官銜詞做主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面不用冠詞。Picasso在此語(yǔ)境中表示像畢加索一樣的畫(huà)家，是一個(gè)普通名詞。故第二個(gè)空要填不定冠詞a。B選項(xiàng)切題。6.B 【解析】考查冠詞。句意：玩電腦游戲是多么有樂(lè)趣！難道你不認(rèn)為它是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間嗎？fun表示樂(lè)趣時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，不需要冠詞修飾，a waste of是固定搭配，表示浪費(fèi)，故B項(xiàng)正確。7.B 【解析】考查冠詞。句意：那個(gè)女人不太愛(ài)說(shuō)話，所以見(jiàn)到我假裝沒(méi)認(rèn)出來(lái)而且也沒(méi)打招呼。have a complete absence

51、of是固定搭配，意為缺乏；make a sound是固定搭配，是沒(méi)出聲之意。故選B。8.A 【解析】考查冠詞。第一空特指你現(xiàn)在看到的中國(guó)；第二空表示一個(gè)強(qiáng)大和快速發(fā)展的國(guó)家，表泛指。故選A。9.D 【解析】考查冠詞。句意：1778年，Banks當(dāng)選為皇家學(xué)會(huì)的主席，這是一個(gè)他擁有了42年的職位。第一空的president意為主席，在表示職位、頭銜的名詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面要用零冠詞；第二空表示泛指，意為一個(gè)他擁有了43年的職位，用不定冠詞a。故選D。10.D 【解析】考查冠詞。句意：我不太喜歡音樂(lè)，但是我的確很喜歡他們伴舞的音樂(lè)。第一空后的music表示泛指，是不可數(shù)名詞，不需要加冠詞。第二空后的music后面有定語(yǔ)從句they are dancing to修飾，特指他們伴舞的音樂(lè)，故用定冠詞the修飾。故選D。題組三1.a2.the3.the4.the5.a6.an7.the8.the9.a10.the16