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1、 閱讀理解專題突破練5 第一節(jié) A 體裁:記敘文　　詞數(shù):315　　用時:6分鐘 I remember the first time I got on a horse.When I was a little boy aged two,my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and that was it!From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse. When I was four,I had mutism,in which children stop speakin

2、g in certain social situations.I went days,weeks,months without a sound at school.At most,I might quietly whisper to a friend.I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist had an idea.He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world.He explained I was going to

3、be given an opportunity to work for that.And I was permitted to whisper the answer in my mother’s ear,“A horse.” I was to get a pony,but I had to live up to my end of the bargain.I had a chart of weekly tasks I had to accomplish.I had to answer the phone five times per week,something I had never do

4、ne before.I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list went on.For a child with mutism,saying one word to someone can be like climbing the high mountains.I did everything that was asked of me and the day came.His name was Sequoia,whom I fell in love with immediately.When I was in Sequo

5、ia’s presence,I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure. I am a fully participating member of society these days.My horse and I made it through a master’s degree.I may have made it otherwise,but I’m not sure.I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every da

6、y.He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine,my life. 【解題導語】作者從小愛馬,四歲時患有緘默癥,在心理醫(yī)生的幫助下,接受了艱苦的訓練;當和馬在一起時,他感到非常放松。如今,他已經能夠融入社會。 1.What was the situation like when the author was four? A.He didn’t say a word at all. B.He learned how to ride a horse. C.He found his classmates unfriendly. D.

7、He had difficulty in communicating. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的第一句“When I was four,I had mutism,in which children stop speaking in certain social situations”可知,“我”在四歲時患上了緘默癥,在溝通上有困難,故D項正確。 2.What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3? A.He completed some tasks easily. B.He pushed himself extre

8、mely hard. C.He fell in love with Sequoia gradually. D.He found the psychologist’s idea ineffective. 答案B 解析推理判斷題。根據第三段的第五句可知,對于一個患有緘默癥的孩子來說,跟別人說一句話像爬高山一樣難;據此可以判斷,“我”在努力接受訓練,故B項正確。 3.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A.To share his unfortunate childhood. B.To give tips on how

9、 to cure mutism. C.To show his deep gratefulness to his horse. D.To inspire kids struggling against mutism. 答案C 解析推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,本文的主題句是本文最后兩句“I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day. He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine, my life.”據此可知,本文旨在表達對馬的深

10、深的感激,故C項正確。 B 體裁:說明文　　詞數(shù):350　　用時:8分鐘 (2017廣東七校聯(lián)合體第二次聯(lián)考) Love to sink into your chairs and relax when you get to school?Then you will not be happy to hear that schools all over the world are seriously considering exchanging traditional desks for ones with no seats at all — yes,that means you wi

11、ll be encouraged to stand through those already too long math and science lessons!Why would anyone even think of putting kids to such cruelty?Experts say it improves their health and helps fight obesity.While that may seem a little far-fetched (牽強的) ,the officials at the few schools around the world

12、 seem to agree. Among them are educators from the College Station Independent School District in Texas,who recently completed a week-long experiment involving 480 students across three elementary schools.The 374 kids that agreed to participate in the study were provided with a device that helped re

13、cord the step count and calorie consumption over the entire period. All 25 teachers involved in the study reported that students appeared to be more alert and concentrate better,when allowed to stand.The one thing that did surprise the researchers was that younger kids were more willing to stay sta

14、nding than kids in higher grades.They believe this may have something to do with the fact that after years of being asked to “sit still”,older kids have a harder time adjusting to this unexpected freedom. American schools are not the only ones reporting success with stand-up desks.Four Catholic sch

15、ools in Perth,Australia, which have been testing them since October 2013,have seen similar results.In May 2014,Grove House Primary School in Bradford,West Yorkshire,became Europe’s first test one,with a seven-week trial that involved the use of desks made by Ergotron in their fifth-grade classrooms.

16、While official results are not out yet,early reactions from both teachers and students have been extremely encouraging. The findings of these studies and others done previously all seem to mean that allowing kids to move around in classrooms is a win-win for students and teachers—it helps kids get

17、healthier and provides educators with a more engaged audience. 【解題導語】研究表明,讓學生站著上課對老師和學生來說是雙贏的。 4.The students may be unhappy because　　　.? A.they have to exchange desks with each other B.the officials show no sympathy to them at all C.there are no seats for them to sit in class D.they have to e

18、xchange traditional desks for ones with no seats 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段的第二句可知,學生可能感到不高興的原因是教室沒有座位坐,他們要站著上課。故選C項。 5.Older students may not like stand-up desks because　　　.? A.they are cleverer than younger students B.they are easily tired of standing long C.they have formed the habit of sitting D.

19、they do badly in class while standing 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的最后一句“They believe this may have something to do with the fact that after years of being asked to ‘sit still’,older kids have a harder time adjusting to this unexpected freedom.”可知,年齡大的孩子們由于多年坐著的習慣,所以可能不喜歡站著上課。故選C項。 6.What is most likely to b

20、e the result of the seven-week trial? A.The standing desks can’t be used at all. B.It is good for students to use stand-up desks. C.More tests should be done in other schools. D.The students are different in personality. 答案B 解析推理判斷題。根據第四段的“early reactions from both teachers and students have

21、 been extremely encouraging”和第五段的內容可知,這些研究和之前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),讓學生在教室走動對老師和學生來說是雙贏的。據此可以判斷,站著上課對學生有好處,故B項正確。 7.Why do the teachers like the standing desks? A.Because the educators can draw the students’ attention. B.Because the teachers can keep the students healthy. C.Because the students can have a walk i

22、n the classroom. D.Because the standing desks can keep the students concentrated. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“All 25 teachers involved in the study reported that students appeared to be more alert and concentrate better,when allowed to stand.”可知,老師們喜歡這種桌子是因為那樣的話學生們上課更專心,注意力更集中,故選D項。 C 體裁:說明文　　詞數(shù):253　　

23、用時:7分鐘 It’s cold and dark outside,and your bed is so warm and comfortable.Going for a run seems like such a bad idea.But before you hide your running shoes,it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go. According to a survey,an outdoor run in winter,as opposed to one on a treadmill(跑步機),burns more

24、 calories because the body is working hard to regulate (調節(jié)) its core temperature.Furthermore,research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through

25、 the body,making that vital muscle even stronger. Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster,but cold weather is refreshing.It adjusts you to your surroundings,mak

26、ing you feel alive. Of course,the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise.Heart attacks,strokes,lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog.The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems.If you do choose to run outsi

27、de on smoggy days,take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust(廢氣),and go early in the morning,before rush hour.But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best. 【解題導語】本文介紹了冬季戶外跑步的意義和方法。冬季戶外跑步能燃燒更多的熱量,讓肌肉更強健,心臟更健康,但是應當避免在霧霾時進行戶外活動。 8.How does co

28、ld weather benefit runners,compared with warm weather? A.They can run more slowly. B.They can take in more calories. C.Their hearts can function harder. D.Their body temperature can get lower. 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。由題干關鍵詞“benefit”和“compared with warm weather”可將答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makes the heart

29、 work harder to distribute blood through the body,making that vital muscle even stronger.”由此可知,與溫暖的天氣相比,在寒冷的天氣里戶外跑步能使心臟更健康,故C項正確。 9.How does summer affect runners? A.It builds up their energy quickly. B.It makes runners tired easily. C.It lessens runners’ stress. D.It causes heart attacks. 答

30、案B 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段第二句中的“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster”可知,夏季的炎熱和濕氣容易讓跑步的人很快就感到疲勞,故B項正確。 10.What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days? A.Stop driving cars. B.Do more exercise. C.Avoid outdoor exercise. D.Run late in the morning. 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段的最后

31、一句“But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”可知,如果有霧霾,最好待在室內,等到天氣晴朗時再去跑步,故C項正確。 11.What can be the best title of the text? A.Refresh with a Winter Run B.Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer C.Go to Run in a Park D.Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress 答案A 解

32、析主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文介紹了冬季早晨戶外跑步的意義和方法。冬季跑步能燃燒更多的熱量,讓肌肉更強健,心臟更健康,但是應當避免在霧霾天氣進行戶外活動。據此可以判斷,A項最能概括文意,故A項正確。 D 體裁:議論文　　詞數(shù):315　　用時:7分鐘 (2017重慶西北狼教育聯(lián)盟第一期聯(lián)考) Many people delight in gossiping,and the more they know about someone else,the more powerful they feel—at someone else’s expense.While at the end o

33、f the day no good will come of it and someone is bound to get hurt,try telling that to someone who’s excited to relay the latest piece of juicy news. Most people have some awareness when saying something we know we shouldn’t.As it is slipping out of our mouths,we start to feel uncomfortable.We have

34、 a sense of conflict between finishing the sentence that may draw attention but won’t make anyone look good and awkwardly stopping mid-story.There are those who after spreading gossip end with a well-meaning,“I shouldn’t have said anything and I can’t really tell you how I heard it.” Not any better.

35、Once out,they may feel good for a moment,but they’re just as likely to regret their decision.By this time,it is too late. That said,some people just don’t notice or pay attention to the voice in their head saying “Don’t”,and others actively ignore it.In the end,the results are the same.With our lac

36、k of sensitivity,we say things that should never be said and often don’t stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others,but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.Given this,why do people gossip?For some,it feels good to be in control of knowledge that others may not know. Talking ab

37、out others can become a habit and unless you work hard to break it,you may discover that others distance themselves from you.After all,if you can’t be trusted to keep secrets and not share information,people may choose not to have you as their friend.We have two ears and just one mouth.When in doubt

38、,it is always better to listen than to speak. 【解題導語】本文主要論述了有些人熱衷于說閑話的原因,并說明這種習慣的壞處以及如何改正這一不良習慣。 12.What’s the closest meaning of the underlined word “relay”? A.show B.cover C.spread D.get 答案C 解析詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句中的“someone who’s excited to”和“the latest piece of juicy news”可知,盡管這到頭來沒有什么好處,并且有人很可能會受

39、到傷害,但是人們還是試圖告訴某個熱衷于傳播最新有趣消息的人。據此可以判斷,畫線詞意為“傳播”,故C項正確。 13.Which statement is NOT the reason for people being conscious of saying something they know they shouldn’t? A.They feel not good when they leak out it. B.They aren’t interested in it. C.They have a sense of conflict during saying it. D.T

40、hey probably regret saying it. 答案B 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的第二句“As it is slipping out of our mouths,we start to feel uncomfortable.”可知,一旦說出口,我們便感到不舒服;根據第二段第三句中的“We have a sense of conflict”可知,我們對是否要說出口會感到很矛盾:根據第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“Once out,they may feel good for a moment,but they’re just as likely to regret their decis

41、ion.”可知,他們會對說出去的話感到后悔。B項沒有提及,故選B項。 14.Why do people say something that should never be said and can hurt others? A.Because they want to hurt others. B.Because they hate this kind of people. C.Because they don’t know each other well. D.Because they are lack of sensitivity. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的

42、第三句“With our lack of sensitivity,we say things that should never be said and often don’t stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others,but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.”可知,由于我們缺乏敏感性,所以我們才會說出不應該說的話,故D項正確。 15.From the last paragraph,we can know that　　　.? A.we should speak l

43、ess and listen more B.we can’t keep secrets C.we haven’t many friends D.we should talk about others as much as possible 答案A 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一句“When in doubt,it is always better to listen than to speak.”可知,我們應當多聽少說,故A項正確。根據最后一段的第二句“After all,if you can’t be trusted to keep secrets and not share in

44、formation,people may choose not to have you as their friend.”可知,我們應當保守秘密,不要隨意傳播信息,否則會喪失朋友,故B、C、D三項錯誤。 第二節(jié) 體裁文:說明文　　詞數(shù):237　　用時:7分鐘 Whether you are at Disneyland or another Disney park,you will usually find a nighttime show that will be showing. 　16　Read this article to find out how you can get a g

45、ood seat for an evening event at any Disney park.? ●Plan on seeing the show in advance. Usually,if you decide an hour beforehand that you’re going to see a show,you will likely end up not getting a good seat,unless the park is not very busy.　17　? ●Do your research. Research online:“The best plac

46、es to view...”　18　Some of them may even be less known,so you may not deal with such a big crowd.? ●Arrive to the event early. 　19　Possibly even earlier if the park is more crowded on that day.If you arrive ten minutes before the event starts,you’re a lot less likely to get a good spot.? ●　20　? I

47、f you must leave to do something,make sure that it’s extremely quick,and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away. A.Stay in the same area. B.Enjoy the show with a friend. C.It’s usually much more enjoyable if you can get a good seat. D.This is especially imp

48、ortant if you arrive closer to the event time. E.In order to get a good spot,plan on arriving an hour before the event. F.Therefore,look at the schedule before your trip,or at least the day before. G.You’ll see a list of places in the park that are the best for viewing that event. 答案與解析 【解題導語】本

49、文主要介紹了如何在迪士尼公園舉辦的晚會上找到好座位的方法。 16.C　空處用來引出本文的話題,在這里起到承上啟下的作用;由空后一句中的“how you can get a good seat”可以判斷,C項與此處對應。 17.F　根據該段標題“Plan on seeing the show in advance.”并結合空前一句的內容可知,該段主要介紹選好位置的方法之一:提前做好觀看演出的計劃,故F項與此處匹配。 18.G　根據空前一句中的“The best places to view...”可知,選G項“你將會看到公園里觀看演出的最佳位置的列表”。 19.E　根據該段標題“Arrive to the event early.”和空后一句的內容可知,空處主要介紹提前到達演出現(xiàn)場這一方法,故E項符合文意。 20.A　根據空處所在位置可知,空處為該段標題,是該段的主旨;根據該段中的“make sure that it’s extremely quick,and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away”可知,該段主要介紹“要待在座位上,如需出去,可由伙伴占座”的方法,故A項最適合做該段標題。 12