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1、Unit 3Computers第一學(xué)時(shí)Reading and ComprehensionWorld Wide WebIf you watch TV，visit the mall，or do anything at all，youll have chances to see the three famous letters，WWW！So what does it all mean? What does it stand for?Well，in general，WWW stands for“World Wide Web”Most people confuse(使混亂；使困惑) the Intern

2、et with the World Wide Web.However, there is a difference.The Internet is made up of thousands of computers that are connected(連接；聯(lián)合；關(guān)聯(lián))worldwide.WWW，or World Wide Web，is what your computer uses to check out the Internet.For example，your computer uses browsers(電腦瀏覽器)，such as Internet Explorer or Net

3、scape to let you see and hear all the cool pictures，information，music and sounds on the Internet.Task 1仔細(xì)閱讀課文“Who Am I？”根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選出最佳答案。 1When did the computer come into being?A1640. B1642.C1822. D1936.答案：B2Who really invented the computer?ACharles Babbage. BBill Gates.CAlan Turing. DThomas Edison.答案：C

4、3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?ACharles Babbage built an analytical machine in 1642.BAlan Turing wrote a book about how the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem in 1936.CThe computers were first connected by a network in th

5、e late 1960s.DSince the 1960s the computer has been used to help with medical operations.答案：B4What can we infer from the text?AThe computer can take the place of humans.BThe smaller a computer is，the faster it calculates.CComputers can solve all the problems of human beings.DPeople can benefit more

6、from computers in the future.答案：D5. What is the main idea of the text?AThe advantages of the computer.BThe latest development of the computer.CThe importance of the computer.DThe history of the computer.答案：DTask 2仔細(xì)閱讀課文“Who Am I？”完成下列表格。In 1642The computer began as a 1.calculating machine in France.

7、About 200 years laterThe computer was built as an 2.analytical machine.The computer was programmed by an operator using 3.cards_with_holes.In 1936A book about how to make a computer work as a “4.universal_machine ” was written by Alan Turing.From then on，the computer grew rapidly.From the 1940s to t

8、he 1970sThe computer was made smaller, and its 5.memory became better.The computer could memorize all the things it was told.During that time，the first PC and the first 6.laptop were made.In7.the_early_1960s Computers were connected by a work，and through 9.the_World_Wide_Web they could share knowled

9、ge and information with others.Since the 1970sMany new 10.applications have been found for computers.Task 3根據(jù)課文“Who Am I？”在下面空格中填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，使文章連貫完整。No one could recognize me 1.after I got my new transistors in 2.the 1960s.There were times when my size was 3.totally (total) changed.I became smaller and t

10、hinner but I got cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker.And my memory became so large 4.that I couldnt believe it! But I was always so lonely 5.standign (stand) there by myself.They gave me a family 6.connected (connect) by a network in the early 1960s.I could share information with 7.others and

11、 we could talk to each other.At about the same time we learned to talk to humans using BASIC.I was brought into peoples homes in the 1970s.Since then，my family and I 8.have_been_used (use) by billions of people to deal with information and communicate with each other around the world.I love being us

12、ed to connect people 9.who arent close enough to speak to each other.I have truly been built to serve the human race 10.since my birth. 一、請(qǐng)將課文“Who Am I？”翻譯成漢語，然后對(duì)照助讀譯文自主勘誤助讀譯文：我是誰？ 經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間我已經(jīng)被改變了很多。1642年我在法國(guó)誕生時(shí)是一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)器。盡管當(dāng)時(shí)我還年輕，但是我能簡(jiǎn)化一些復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)題。我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯巴比奇才把我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。在操作員用穿卡孔為我設(shè)計(jì)程序后，我能夠進(jìn)行邏輯“

13、思考”，并且能夠比任何人更快地算出答案。那時(shí)這被當(dāng)作是一次技術(shù)革命，也是我“人工智能”的開始。在1936年，我真正的父親艾倫圖靈寫了一本書，講述了怎樣使我成為一臺(tái)“通用機(jī)器”來解決任何數(shù)學(xué)難題。從那時(shí)起，我在體積和腦容量方面迅速成長(zhǎng)。到20世紀(jì)40年代，我已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)得像一間屋子那么大，我不知道是否還會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更大。但是，這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)也使得我的設(shè)計(jì)者很擔(dān)心。隨著時(shí)間的推移，我被弄得越來越小。自20世紀(jì)70年代以來，我一直被用在辦公室和家庭里，先是用作個(gè)人電腦，后來又做成便攜式。這些變化只有隨著我的存儲(chǔ)能力的不斷提高才能成為可能。最初是被存儲(chǔ)到電子管中，之后是晶體管上，后來是非常小的芯片上。因此，我已經(jīng)完全改

14、變了我的形狀。隨著我年齡越來越大，我也變得越來越小。隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的記憶能力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，從來不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情！我的存儲(chǔ)容量變得如此巨大，連我自己都不能相信！但是我總是孤孤單單地站在那里，直到20世紀(jì)60年代初，人們才給了我一個(gè)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)成的家庭。我能夠通過萬維網(wǎng)和其他人分享我的知識(shí)。從20世紀(jì)70年代起，我又被開發(fā)出了很多新的用途。我在通信、金融和商業(yè)領(lǐng)域變得非常重要。我還被放在機(jī)器人里面，被用來制作移動(dòng)手機(jī)，并且用來幫助做醫(yī)療手術(shù)。我還被放置在航空火箭里去探測(cè)月球和火星。不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活?，F(xiàn)在我充滿了幸福感，因?yàn)槲沂侨祟愔覍?shí)的朋友并時(shí)

15、時(shí)給他們提供幫助。二、課文段落精選背誦(請(qǐng)注意名詞的使用)Who Am IOver time I have been changed quite a lot.I began as a calculating_machine in_France_in 1642.Although I was young I could simplify difficult_sumsI developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Ba

16、bbage.After I was programmed by an_operator who used cards with_holes,_I could “think” logically and produce an_answer quicker than any_personAt that time it was considered a technological_revolution and the start of my “artificial intelligence”第二學(xué)時(shí)Learning about Language一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1The developme

17、nt (develop) of the information technology was the greatest advance of the 20th century.2If you want to know about the hotel，you can call the operator (operate) to find out the information.3The boy is very clever and he shows high intelligence (intelligent) in study.4. Reality (real) is not the way

18、you wish things to be but the way they actually are.5Bob is totally (total) different from his father，who is very tall.6They agreed to accept my application (apply) for joining their team.7His success in business brought happiness (happy)to his parents.8We will make a personal (person)visit to the s

19、tudents home.二、用下列短語的適當(dāng)形式填空in common，go by，deal with，in a way，make up，with the help of，after all，watch over 1.There should be a lifeguard to watch_over you at all times.2Only then did they discover quite how much in_common they really had.3He made_up his mind not to stay there any longer.4. In_a_way

20、，they are natural gene delivery vehicles.5As a fireman，he must be ready to deal_with the emergency.6The old man walked across the road slowly with_the_help_of a boy.7. After_all，thats what Fathers Day is all about.8All will go_by，and the future will be more wonderful.三、運(yùn)用括號(hào)內(nèi)的詞組，將下列句子譯成英語1老師給我們講了一個(gè)這么

21、有趣的故事，結(jié)果我們都忘記了時(shí)間。(so.that)答案：The teacher was telling us so interesting a story/such an interesting story that we all forgot the time.2. 我不知道如何處理這種情況。 (deal with)答案：I dont know how to deal with the situation.3史密斯夫婦共同擁有這家店。(in common)答案：Mr.and Mrs Smith own the store in common.4隨著時(shí)間推移，我的記憶力似乎變差了。(go b

22、y)答案：As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse.5我想和你共度一生。(share with)答案：I want to share my life with you.第三學(xué)時(shí)Using LanguageReading, listening and speaking仔細(xì)閱讀“Andythe Android”，然后根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選出最佳答案。1From the picture we can guess the passage is about _Aa football match between humansBa football match be

23、tween androidsCa football match between humans and androidsDa basketball match between androids答案：B 2Whos Andy?AA dog. BA boy.CAn android. DA bird.答案：C3What is Andy good at?ARunning. BWalking.CPlaying football. DCalculating.答案：A4What part does Andy play on the team?AGoalkeeper. BBack.CStriker. DCent

24、er.答案：C5Why can Andy play football like a human?ABecause he has computer chips.BBecause he is a human.CBecause his coach tells him.DBecause he is a real man.答案：APart AReading Aloud模仿朗讀下面一段話，并注意語音語調(diào)。Andythe AndroidIm partof an android football team.About once a year/we are allowed to gettogether to p

25、lay a game of football.Im as big asa human.In fact, I look like one too.On the football team Im a striker/so I have to be able to run very fast.My computer chips help me to move and think likea human.For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language/to give me the ball/when

26、I am open and havea good shot fora goal.Part BRole Play情景： Tom向Andy 詢問有關(guān)信息。角色： Tom 和 Andy任務(wù)：請(qǐng)你和你的朋友分別扮演一個(gè)角色，根據(jù)中文提示提出問題，然后根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容互相問答問題。Q1：安迪， 你在機(jī)器人足球隊(duì)擔(dān)任什么角色？ Q1：Andy，what do you do in your android football team?A1：Im a striker.Q2：機(jī)器人足球隊(duì)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間參加一次比賽？Q2: How often does your team play a game of football?A

27、2：About once a year.Q3：你們?cè)谖餮艌D的比賽中獲得第幾名？Q3：What place did you take in the Seattle Competition?A3：We took the second place.Q4：如果你們想獲得第一名，需要做些什么改進(jìn)呢？Q4：What do you need to improve if you want to take the first place?A4：I think we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence.Now we are de

28、termined to create an even better system.Q5：你現(xiàn)在最渴望做什么？為什么？Q5：What do you want to do most? Why? A5：I would like to play a game against a human team because I have been programmed to act just like a man.Part CRetelling請(qǐng)用自己的話復(fù)述課文，你可以參照上述問題及其答案。 關(guān)鍵詞： striker中鋒play a game 踢一場(chǎng)足球賽 take the second place獲得亞軍

29、improve ones intelligence提高智能答案：Andy is a striker in an android football team.About once a year they are allowed to get together to play a game of football.Last year，they took the second place in the Seattle Competition.They think they should encourage their programmer to improve their intelligence

30、if they hope to take the first place.Andy is looking forward to playing against a human team because he has been programmed to act just like a man. 一、單詞拼寫1You can disagree about them, and I personally (就本人而言) do, but they are great ideas that have made people think.2She could create (創(chuàng)造) a fight out

31、 of anything.3What you need is a drama coach (教練)4The birds also attack crops when the opportunity arises (出現(xiàn))5Once you stop using your brain (頭腦)you soon go stale.6There was a woman mopping (用拖把拖地)the stairs.7When he got bored he wandered (漫步)around the fair.二、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空Andy is part of an android foo

32、tball team.As a 1.striker (strike) on the football team, he can run very fast.His computer chips help 2.him to move and think like a human.Last year, his team competed 3.with another 4.one and won second place.He thought the team 5.that won first place cheated, and he wanted his 6.programmer (progra

33、m) to improve his 7.intelligence，8.because he thought that they could work together to create 9.an even 10.better (good) system.三、在下列各句空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~1. At that time it was considered to be impossible for man to walk on the moon.2From then on，I became more and more interested in computer.3. With time goi

34、ng，the river grew gradually in length and width.4. Since the 1970s，computers have been used in offices and homes.5Look! The robot looks like a real human!6My father was on/in the city basketball team.7Youd better make up for the lost time as quickly as possible.四、運(yùn)用所學(xué)的語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，完成下列短文1. With_the_help_o

35、f (在的幫助下) science and technology, 2.human_race (人類) are now living a much happier life than before.Take the invention of the computer for example.It not only helps us 3.solve (解決) difficult mathematical problems to save time, but we can also 4.type (輸入) any material or information into our computer

36、to communicate with our teammates on our business by the network.Besides, it can take the place of us to 5.deal/do_with (處理) many dangerous situations under the control of the programmers.6.In_a_way (在某種程度上), their advantages are over humans, and this is why people create some robots with 7.artifici

37、al_intelligence (人工智能) to help us human beings.However, some people are worried that dangerous problems will 8.arise_from (從出現(xiàn)) over usage of hightech.Personally speaking, I disagree with it.9.Anyhow (無論如何), the technology can 10.make_up_for (彌補(bǔ)) our shortcomings and help us do lots of things.If not

38、, why create and develop them?第四學(xué)時(shí)Grammar觀察領(lǐng)悟觀察領(lǐng)悟下列句子，找出其規(guī)律。1Till now，three films have been shown in that small village this month.2That book has been said to have translated into at least 20 foreign languages.3Toms novel has been published.4The plan has been studied by the experts for four times.5T

39、wo cars have been repaired for three hours.6My letter has been received by him.7The house has been cleaned.8The door has been locked.自我總結(jié)以上句中使用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；其謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成為_。一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成肯定式主語have/has been done.否定式主語have/has not been done.一般疑問式Have/Has主語been done.？特殊疑問式疑問詞have/has主語been done.？The city has

40、 been swept through by heat wave recently.最近炎熱橫掃了這座城市。His work has not been finished.他的工作尚未完成。Have the new booking systems for tickets been used?新的訂票制度已在使用中了嗎？二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法1表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作在說話之前已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，通常與already，yet，never，recently等副詞及時(shí)間狀語so far，by now，up till now，since.，before.等連用。The d

41、octor hasnt been sent for yet.還沒有派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。(現(xiàn)在應(yīng)派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生)2表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能持續(xù)下去，常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用，或用于How long.？句型中。The machine has been repaired for two hours.這臺(tái)機(jī)器已經(jīng)修了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。(可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)被修)三、使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，即have/has 和 been，兩者缺一不可。2與一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)在的情況沒有聯(lián)系，

42、而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況的聯(lián)系。This novel was finished last year.這部小說是去年寫的。This novel has been finished.這部小說已經(jīng)完成了。3一些特殊動(dòng)詞，如：borrow，finish，begin，buy，start，return，marry，open，join等構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。4用在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時(shí)要完成的動(dòng)作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)代替將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。You can go home as soon as your task has been finis

43、hed.你的任務(wù)一完成就可以回家。一、用所給單詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)填空1I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I have_been_told (tell) that they wash well.2Shakespeares play Hamlet has_been_made (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.3With the introduction of digital equipment，a growing audience has_been_bro

44、ught (bring) back to the cinema in the past years.4In the past twelve months the research members have_studied (study) the effectiveness of many materials in a home building.5When will the expert come and give the lecture on intellectual property?Not until our program has_been_approved (approve) by

45、the authorities.6Why do you look so worried?My computer broke down and my essay has_been_left (leave) unfinished since.7Will you lend me some paper?Sorry，mine has_run (run) out.8In the fast few centuries，the lighthouses along North Carolinas coast have_been_recognized (recognize) as signs of safety

46、for travelers at sea.9When she returned home，Rose found her computer had_been_removed (remove) and she was very confused.10Weve been told the good news，but when and where to go for the exciting vacation has_not_been_discussed (discuss) yet.二、翻譯下列句子1好吃的面包已經(jīng)售完了。答案：The bread tasting very good has been

47、sold out.2會(huì)議何時(shí)何地舉行還沒有決定。答案：When and where the meeting will be held hasnt been decided.3迄今為止，這本書已經(jīng)被翻譯成多種語言嗎？答案：Has the book been translated into many languages so far?4傷者已被送到哪家醫(yī)院？答案：Which hospital have the injured been sent to?5這個(gè)重要的問題已經(jīng)被討論將近兩周了。答案：The important problem has been discussed for nearly

48、two weeks.三、語法填空AGreat changes 1.have_taken_place(take place) in my hometown in the past decades.The public facilities 2.have_been_greatly_improved(greatly，improve). The roads 3.have_been_widened(widen) and more bridges 4.have_been_built(build)More attention 5.has_been_given(give) to the environment

49、 protection，so many trees and flowers 6.have_been_planted(plant) in the city.The water in the rivers and lakes as well as the air 7.has_become(become) clean again.As many people say，it seems that we are now living in a “big park”O(jiān)f course，life of us 8.is_getting(get) better and better.BFishermen and

50、 sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.Though the stories told by seamen have often 1.been_laughed(laugh) at，it is now known that many of these “monsters” which have at times 2.been_sighted(sight) are simply strange fish.Occasionally，unusual creatures 3.are_washed(wash) to the sho

51、re，but they are rarely caught out at sea.Some time ago，however，a peculiar fish which was over thirteen feet long 4.was_caught(catch) near Madagascar.It had a head like a horse，big blue eyes，shining silver skin，and a bright red tail.The fish，which 5.has_been_sent(send) to a museum where it is being e

52、xamined by a scientist，6.is_called(call) an oarfish.Such creatures have rarely 7.been_seen(see) alive by man 8.as/becausethey live at a 9.depth(deep) of six hundred feet.四、單句改錯(cuò)1The computer has put into a robot by them.答案：has puthas been put2The work has been finish by us now.答案：finishfinished3The c

53、hild have been given some interesting books by him.答案：havehas4Has the book been returned by they yet?答案：theythem5Over time，I have been changed a lot of by people.答案：刪除 of第五學(xué)時(shí)Writing句型搭橋提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。1近來，高智商的機(jī)器人出現(xiàn)了。答案：Recently，high intelligent robots have arisen.2有些機(jī)器人會(huì)打字、發(fā)信號(hào)，甚至能處理一些重要的事情。答案：Some o

54、f robots can type, signal, and even deal with some important things.3在某種程度上說，電腦改變了我們的生活。答案：In a way, computers have changed our life.4許多學(xué)生對(duì)電腦如此著迷以至于在電腦上花費(fèi)了太多的時(shí)間，導(dǎo)致部分學(xué)生在考試中失敗。答案：Many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.As a result, some of the students fail

55、in the exams.5但無論如何電腦在我們的日常生活中起很重要的作用。答案：Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life.連句成篇可選用非限制定語從句，however等將以上句子連成一篇短文。答案：High intelligent robots have arisen recently, some of which can type, signal, and even deal with some important things.In a way, computers have changed our life.However

56、, many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.As a result, some of the students fail in the exams.Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞

57、用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several year ago.Last year our team go to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won second place.Personal, I think the team that won first place was cheated.They developed a n

58、ew type of program just before the competition.So we need to encourage ours programmer to improve our intelligent too.We are determined to create a even better system.In a way our programmer is like our a coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watch human games.答案：My fi

59、rst football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several ago.Last year our team to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won second place.， I think the team that won first place 2 cheated.They developed a new type of program just before the competition.So we need to encourage programmer to improve our too.

60、We are determined to create even better system.In a way our programmer is like our a coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while human games.如何寫想象性作文技巧點(diǎn)撥寫好想象性作文，要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：1觀察生活，表現(xiàn)生活。觀察周圍事物，捕捉典型材料。只有仔細(xì)地觀察生活，才能有想象的原材料。2明確中心，展開想象。以現(xiàn)實(shí)生活為依據(jù)，大膽想象。合理虛構(gòu)，并準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法。3想象美好，立意深刻。虛構(gòu)合理的故

61、事情節(jié)，讓文章有完整性，生動(dòng)性，可信性。4語言規(guī)范，表達(dá)地道。選用自己熟悉的詞匯和句型來組織語言，如：will；probably；possibly；maybe；likely；may；Its possible/probable/likely that.常用句型With the development of science and.，our life will be.In the future more and more.will appear.This is the life that I am looking forward to.根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，通過合理想象，用“Our Future Life

62、”為話題寫一篇短文，展望一下未來的科技生活。1有些人可以到月球上度假。2有些科學(xué)家能在海底生活。3機(jī)器人為你做家務(wù)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右。2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫Our Future Life答案：Sometimes I dream about what life will be like in the future.Perhaps some people will go to the moon for their holidays.Some scientists will live under the sea.Maybe videophones will be accessibl

63、e to every family，by which we can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes.Besides，thanks to more educational programs on the radio or TV，children will study at home instead of going to school every day.What excites me most is that perhaps each family will have a robot in the future.It can assist us in doing the shopping，the housework and so on e