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1、專題二短文改錯策略綜述1細(xì)讀全文，了解全篇首先要細(xì)讀全文，弄懂全篇的主旨，背景和素材。記住必須做到一句一句地讀，在讀的過程中可以把初步確定的錯誤標(biāo)出來。2分句閱讀，逐句糾錯在此過程中，考生一定要細(xì)心，要根據(jù)上表中的考點方向去發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，可以先易后難。3重讀文章，仔細(xì)推敲最后要將改正后的短文再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，看詞法、句法及行文邏輯是否合理恰當(dāng)，如有不適及時糾正。真題導(dǎo)練A(2019全國卷)Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose

2、uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact t

3、hat a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.1.形容詞different后跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故應(yīng)將job改成jobs。2系動詞look后跟形容詞作表語。故應(yīng)將coolly改成cool。3“上五年級”有兩種表達(dá)方式：in the fifth grade或in Grade Five。故應(yīng)將five改成fifth。4此處表示“我非常喜歡我的英語老師”。too much表示“太多”，而very/so m

4、uch表示“非?！?，故應(yīng)將too改成very/so。5“在高中”的表達(dá)應(yīng)為in/at high school。故應(yīng)在high前加in/at。6reconsidered和decided這兩個動作是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將or改為and。7此處是There_be固定句型。故應(yīng)將They改為There。8ed形容詞說明人的感受，意為“感到的”，ing形容詞描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意為“令人的”，此處說明主語I的感受，故應(yīng)將amazing改為amazed。9本句中better本身已經(jīng)是比較級，前面只需要much來修飾，表示程度，more在本句中為多余成分，故應(yīng)將其去掉。10此處是敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用

5、一般過去時。故應(yīng)將is改為was。B(2018全國卷)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big sep

6、arate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he

7、agreed.1.此處特指去的是鄉(xiāng)下，故應(yīng)在countryside前加the。2根據(jù)第一句中的“During my last winter holiday”可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時。故應(yīng)將find改成found。3根據(jù)句意“他們住在一個小房子里，院子里有狗、鴨子和其他牲畜?！笨芍?，應(yīng)將another改成other。4根據(jù)句意“去年冬天，我又一次去了那里?！笨芍?，應(yīng)將here改成there。5根據(jù)前文的“dozens of”可知，其后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故應(yīng)將chicken改為chickens。6此處a_small_pond是先行詞，且關(guān)系詞在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語成分，故應(yīng)用in_which或

8、where來引導(dǎo)從句。7介詞by后應(yīng)用動名詞形式，故將sell改為selling。8系動詞feel后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，故將happily改成happy。9時間名詞有every, each, last等詞修飾時，其前不用介詞。故應(yīng)去掉for。10根據(jù)語意“我計劃每兩年回來一次，他同意了?！笨芍颂幨遣⒘嘘P(guān)系，故應(yīng)將but改成and。C(2017全國卷)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally

9、 in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time：car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying

10、difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.1.realize是及物動詞，故應(yīng)去掉of。2由時間狀語“in the past few years”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是發(fā)生在過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。故將had改為have。3not only . but_also . “不但而

11、且”，為固定搭配。故將and改為but。4photo與take之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故將took改為taken。5“我”進(jìn)入高中第二學(xué)年并成為學(xué)校音樂俱樂部的新成員這一系列動作發(fā)生在過去，所以應(yīng)將become改為became。6上文已提到過這張照片，因此要用the表特指，或者用this。故在picture前加這個詞。7things后為定語從句，修飾先行詞things，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語成分，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞來引導(dǎo)從句。故將they改為that/which。8名詞kinds前需要形容詞來修飾，故應(yīng)將difference改為different。9此處表示收集“最新”的音樂專輯，故將l

12、ate改為latest。10全文以第一人稱介紹了作者的故事，故應(yīng)將your改為my。第1講詞法類詞法類錯誤在短文改錯中所占比例很大，我們建議考生在解題流程的第1、2步中去解決此類問題，對于此類錯誤，考生要學(xué)會分析句子成分，注意平時積累，強(qiáng)化語言基礎(chǔ)。考點動詞類錯誤1(2019全國卷)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.答案saysaying2(2019全國卷)Now my dream is to open a cafe. Though it

13、 may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. 答案requiredrequires 3(2018全國卷)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoon, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.答案watchingwatch; 去掉let前的to4(2017全國卷)I thought I had learned the instructors orders, but o

14、nce I started the car, my mind goes blank.答案goeswent5(2016全國卷)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.答案chosechoose1辨清非謂語動詞與謂語動詞句中已有謂語動詞，且另一動詞不作并列謂語，則只能用非謂語動詞。2識別時態(tài)不一致文章前后是現(xiàn)在時但卻用了過去時，或前后都是過去時卻用了現(xiàn)在時，導(dǎo)致時態(tài)不一致。在平行或并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞的形式通常是一致的。關(guān)鍵的問題是看and, or等后的動詞與前面的哪個動詞并列，一定要理解，辨別清楚。3留心語態(tài)錯誤(1)構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)

15、的過去分詞寫成了過去式或現(xiàn)在分詞。(2)主動語態(tài)中卻多了be以及be的變形，變成了被動語態(tài)。4注意主謂不一致情況主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語卻采取復(fù)數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語卻采取單數(shù)形式，導(dǎo)致主謂不一致的情況。5牢記情態(tài)動詞用法(1)情態(tài)動詞后一定要接動詞原形，但卻用了過去式或其他形式。(2)情態(tài)動詞相互間的誤用。6對于非謂語動詞(1)理清to的兩種命題方式多余：感官動詞和使役動詞(get除外)后面跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。缺失：有些動詞，如want, decide, plan等后應(yīng)接帶to的不定式作賓語。(2)搞清動詞ing形式與動詞ed形式的區(qū)別動詞ing形式表主動、進(jìn)行；動詞ed形式表

16、被動、完成；動詞ing形式轉(zhuǎn)化的形容詞表示“令人的”，常修飾物；而動詞ed形式轉(zhuǎn)化的形容詞表示“感到的”，常修飾人?？键c名詞類錯誤1(2019全國卷)I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.答案citycities2(2018全國卷)When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night.答案FridaysFriday3(2017全國卷)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Intern

17、et.答案informationsinformation4(2016全國卷)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.答案honesthonesty(1)熟知單復(fù)數(shù)使用情況：單數(shù)概念和不可數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)；表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的可數(shù)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。(2)牢記常見的不可數(shù)名詞。(3)三類詞后常用名詞：冠詞后；介詞后；形容詞性物主代詞后?？键c形容詞和副詞類錯誤1(2019全國卷)I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.答案hardlyhard2(2019全國卷

18、)What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.答案ordinarilyordinary 3(2018全國卷)Immediate, I raised my hand.答案ImmediateImmediately4(2016全國卷)They were also the best and worse years in my life.答案worseworst1明辨詞性誤用副詞修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，在句中作狀語。2理清比較級、最高級的誤用(1)原級和比較級混用。(2)比較級和最高級混用。(3)在本身已是

19、比較級形式的基礎(chǔ)上誤加more。(4)在沒有最高級的詞前誤加most。3關(guān)注形近詞誤用hard意為“刻苦地、猛烈地”，而hardly意為“幾乎不、幾乎沒有”；beside意為“在旁邊”，besides意為“另外”。4重點連接副詞誤用however主要用于轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?，意思是“然而，可是，但是”；therefore主要表示結(jié)果，意思是“因此，所以”?？键c冠詞類錯誤1(2019全國卷)Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.答案ana2(2017全國卷)They live far from the school

20、, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. 答案第一個aan/one3(2016全國卷)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.答案thea(1)a和an，表達(dá)數(shù)量，或者泛指任何一個。a用于輔音音素(不是輔音字母)開頭的詞前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)開頭的詞前。(2)若對于某個名詞有明指或暗示的情況，前面要加the。(3)若某名詞是復(fù)數(shù)、專有名詞、或抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞(沒有固

21、定性狀)，前面不適合加冠詞，應(yīng)把該位置空下來，形成“零冠詞”。(4)固定搭配中的冠詞需要牢記?？键c介詞類錯誤1(2018全國卷)Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.答案forwith2(2017全國卷)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. 答案onof3(2019河南汝州市實驗中學(xué)高三檢測)They said it was difficult of them to judge because how

22、the accident happened was not clear. 答案offor(1)注意介詞多余，關(guān)注介詞遺漏：及物動詞后直接跟賓語無需加介詞，不及物動詞后需加介詞再加賓語；this/that/these/those/last/next/every等詞構(gòu)成的時間短語，前面不用介詞；作定語的不定式中的動詞如果為不及物動詞，或不定式修飾的名詞和代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后要有相應(yīng)的介詞。(2)牢記習(xí)慣用法，區(qū)別相似介詞：固定搭配或習(xí)慣用法以及相似介詞的區(qū)別常是介詞考查的設(shè)題點，這需要平時做題中多多積累?？键c數(shù)詞類錯誤1(2019全國卷)Then, when I was in

23、the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher . 答案fivefifth2(2017全國卷)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.答案eighteeneighteenth1識別序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用“只描述數(shù)量多少的”用基數(shù)詞；“強(qiáng)調(diào)順序性，作第幾”講的時候用序數(shù)詞。2注意年齡、年代的表達(dá)法表達(dá)“在某人幾十歲時”用“in ones逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)”；表達(dá)“在幾十年代”時，

24、用“in the逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)”。過關(guān)檢測(限時：20分鐘)(2019廣西欽州市高三第三次質(zhì)檢)Today I was going home by bike where a little dog ran to me. I stopped in time avoid hitting the dog. Luckily, it was not injuring, but lay on the ground. I came nearer and touched its side gently. It jumped to its foot quickly and stared at me friend

25、ly. Seeing nothing seriously, I was about to leave, but the dog stops me by biting my trousers. So I wanted to adopt to the dog but it was unfair to its master, just then, the woman came, saying the dog was her and that I could take it away as she had some many dogs at home. Thus I got a lovely pet.

26、答案：Today I was going home by bike a little dog ran to me. I stopped in time avoid hitting the dog. Luckily, it was not ， but lay on the ground. I came nearer and touched its side gently. It jumped to its quickly and stared at me friendly. Seeing nothing ， I was about to leave, but the dog me by biti

27、ng my trousers. So I wanted to adopt the dog but it was unfair to its master, just then, woman came, saying the dog was and that I could take it away as she had some dogs at home. Thus I got a lovely pet.(2019湖北七市高三聯(lián)考)I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling. Of all my teachers, Mrs Green

28、 is the one who impresses me most. Though she is 50, she looks very young at her age. Comparing with other teachers, Mrs Green pays more attention to her way of teaching. She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly. In her opinion, we will not only know “what” but also understa

29、nd “why”. So instead of giving us answer immediately, she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions. With her help, we have learned how to analyze and settled problems. What the amazing world of “why” she leads us! She is such a learned person that we all admire him

30、 very much.答案：I have met many teachers since I my schooling. Of all my teachers, Mrs Green is the one who impresses me most. Though she is 50, she looks very young her age. with other teachers, Mrs Green pays more attention to her way of teaching. She tries various ways to make her class lively and

31、. In her opinion, we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us immediately, she encourages us to think carefully every time she puts forward questions. With her help, we have learned how to analyze and problems. What amazing world of “why” she leads us ！ She is suc

32、h a learned person that we all admire very much.強(qiáng)化特訓(xùn)2短文改錯(一)(限時：30分鐘)1(2019遼寧大連一模)I was often troubled by lack of confidences. So I applied for a job at an exhibition as reporter last term. The exhibition was held annual to display the latest products in the field of education. At that time, I was r

33、esponsible for interview parents who bought the learning tools. While talking with him, I found it was not so hard as I think. One lady even praised me but asked her son to learn from me. I realized the experience was in great value and nothing was more excited than communicating with people.From th

34、is experience, I am fully aware that we should take real action if our personality that needs improving.答案：I was often troubled by lack of . So I applied for a job at an exhibition as reporter last term. The exhibition was held to display the latest products in the field of education. At that time,

35、I was responsible for parents who bought the learning tools. While talking with ， I found it was not so hard as I . One lady even praised me asked her son to learn from me. I realized the experience was great value and nothing was more than communicating with people.From this experience, I am fully

36、aware that we should take real action if our personality needs improving.2(2019山東師范大學(xué)附中第5次模擬)The sun was just slowly come up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for its morning walk. I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold. The air was cool and I wore a big smile in

37、my face. Even though there werent leaf on the trees, but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring. Even my dogs seemed to notice the different in the air. They were playing instead of just do their morning business in the grass. The particular golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day. As

38、 I headed back, I realize something. The beauty of day didnt come from the warmth of the sun. It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.答案：The sun was just slowly up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for morning walk. I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and g

39、old. The air was cool and I wore a big smile my face. Even though there werent on the trees, / I could still hear birds singing songs of spring. Even my dogs seemed to notice the in the air. They were playing instead of just their morning business in the grass. The golden sun seemed to make it a bea

40、utiful day. As I headed back, I something. The beauty of day didnt come from the warmth of the sun. It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.3(2019全國名校聯(lián)盟第二次模擬)My husband and I were having a walk the other night. Suddenly, I noticed lots of garbage lying on all sides of the road. So I wen

41、t home in a hurry, thought cleaning up a garbage could make a difference to the neighborhood. The moment when I got home, I took out a pair of glove and a large garbage bag. Then I came back but picked up the cans, bottles, paper boxes on the road. Final, I carefully sorted them out. My husband warn

42、ed, “Stopping it! Other people will look down you.” But I didnt care. Sometimes we just had to do what is right in our heart.答案：My husband and I were having a walk the other night. Suddenly, I noticed lots of garbage lying on sides of the road. So I went home in a hurry, cleaning up garbage could ma

43、ke a difference to the neighborhood. The moment I got home, I took out a pair of and a large garbage bag. Then I came back picked up the cans, bottles, paper boxes on the road. ， I carefully sorted them out. My husband warned, “ it! Other people will look down you.” But I didnt care. Sometimes we ju

44、st to do what is right in our heart.4(2019安徽舒城中學(xué)仿真試題)When I intended to tell my fouryearold niece Lisa the story Snow White write by the Grimm Brothers, my elder sister stopped me immediate and gave me another storybook. When I asked if she has told Lisa the story, she shook her head and said, “I do

45、nt think girl today should listen to this story.” I was confusing. Later, my sister explained how. In this story, Snow White does nothing to rescue herself. Instead of, she depends on others help. My sister doesnt want her daughter to learn just to turn to others help. She wants her to learn to be b

46、rave and independence. Thats why my sister doesnt want to tell herself such stories as Snow White.答案：When I intended to tell my fouryearold niece Lisa the story Snow White by the Grimm Brothers, my elder sister stopped me and gave me another storybook. When I asked if she told Lisa the story, she sh

47、ook her head and said，“I dont think today should listen to this story.” I was . Later, my sister explained . In this story, Snow White does nothing to rescue herself. Instead ， she depends on others help. My sister doesnt want her daughter to learn just to turn to others help. She wants her to learn to be brave and . Thats why my sister doesnt want to tell such stories as Snow White.- 13 -