《2020高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 沖刺經(jīng)典專題 寫作部分 專題二 考點(diǎn)通關(guān) 第3講 說(shuō)明文練習(xí)》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 沖刺經(jīng)典專題 寫作部分 專題二 考點(diǎn)通關(guān) 第3講 說(shuō)明文練習(xí)（8頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第3講 說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文是以說(shuō)明為主要表達(dá)方式，要求用簡(jiǎn)潔明快的語(yǔ)言來(lái)解說(shuō)事物、闡明事理，從而給讀者提供知識(shí)的一種文體。近幾年高考說(shuō)明文多數(shù)以圖表、表格或文字的形式給出提示，并往往融合應(yīng)用文體進(jìn)行考查，一般分為場(chǎng)所路線介紹、事物介紹、方式方法或計(jì)劃安排介紹三大類。時(shí)態(tài)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。寫說(shuō)明文宜采用三段式：第一段：主要介紹要說(shuō)明的對(duì)象及說(shuō)明的目的。第二段：說(shuō)明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步驟。第三段：進(jìn)行總結(jié)概括。1說(shuō)明方位、路線常用語(yǔ)(1). is located at the foot of/by the side of/to the east of/to the north of . (2)

2、In front of it is ., with . on its left and . on its right.(3)Turning to the left, you will see ., behind which is . (4)Walking past ., you will see the building that appears in front of you is . (5)Along the road are lines of trees, casting dense shade on the sidewalk.(6)A walk around . is a feast

3、for the mind as well as the eyes.(7)On your left lies a(n) ., with all kinds of . in it.(8)Next to the door against the wall there is a(n) ., in which we sit to watch TV every evening.2說(shuō)明事物的特點(diǎn)或優(yōu)勢(shì)常用語(yǔ)(1). is a new kind of . produced by ., which is . (2)Made of ., it is light, small, and easy to carry.

4、(3)Containing much top and new technique, . is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable price.(4)It is rich in natural resources such as coal and gold and has mild weather.(5)Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed whats coming and going in history.3說(shuō)明文格式模板From the chart, we can l

5、earn that _ (圖表/圖畫內(nèi)容), which reveals/reflects _ (稍作評(píng)價(jià))There are at least two good reasons accounting for _ (事件). For one thing, _ (從社會(huì)角度說(shuō)明/論證). For another thing, _ (從個(gè)人角度說(shuō)明/論證). For example, _ (以自己、朋友等為例加以說(shuō)明). Last but not least, _ (從反面角度說(shuō)明/論述)As a result, the worrying situation is urging us to _ (

6、建議或措施). Only in this way can we _ (展望結(jié)果). In conclusion/In brief, _ (再次說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)). We should _ (進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明)下面的柱狀圖(bar chart)顯示了你校上周針對(duì)“用電腦、手機(jī)和紙媒學(xué)習(xí)”的調(diào)查結(jié)果。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給21st Century報(bào)社寫一篇短文，報(bào)道你校的調(diào)查結(jié)果，并對(duì)此結(jié)果發(fā)表你的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear Editor， We made a survey in our school last week and Id like to tell you some

7、thing about the results. 審題謀篇通思路本題是關(guān)于“用電腦、手機(jī)和紙媒學(xué)習(xí)”的調(diào)查結(jié)果的寫作，可分為三段：第一段：說(shuō)明本文的目的呈現(xiàn)上周調(diào)查的結(jié)果。第二段：分析圖表中數(shù)據(jù)的含義使用各種學(xué)習(xí)方式與手段所占的比例。第三段：得出結(jié)論紙媒學(xué)習(xí)還是占主流。修訂提升爭(zhēng)高分Dear_Editor，We_made_a_survey_in_our_school_last_week_and_Id_like_to_tell_you_something_about_the_results.As is shown in the bar chart, students using paperbas

8、ed materials to study occupies 47%, followed by the percentage of 38% students, who get used to (用高級(jí)詞匯替換：1.get_accustomed_to) using all the three means of study. 11% of the students surveyed prefer to use computers. Students who think smartphones can be beneficial to their study account for the rest

9、 of 4%.It is apparent that the traditional way of study that students read books and take notes with a pen is still the choice for most students. (用apparently改寫：2.Apparently,_the_traditional_way_of_study_that_students_read_books_and_take_notes_with_a_pen_is_still_the_choice_for_most_students.) Compu

10、ters or phones usage is supposed to do harm to eyesight and it is the reason why a small number of students choose. (用which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句改寫：3.Computers_or_phones_usage_is_supposed_to_do_harm_to_eyesight,_which_is_the_reason_why_a_small_number_of_students_choose.) As far as I am concerned, if used properly,

11、 all these means of study can benefit us.過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)(限時(shí)：25分鐘/篇)(一)請(qǐng)觀察所給的圖畫，并根據(jù)你對(duì)該圖畫的理解寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文，內(nèi)容包括：1簡(jiǎn)要描述圖畫，并說(shuō)明該圖畫所揭露的現(xiàn)象；2分析該現(xiàn)象的利弊(至少各一點(diǎn))；3提出自己的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；3文章中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校及本人姓名。As is vividly shown in the picture, a boy is happy with the fact that 精彩范文As_is_vividly_shown_in_the_picture,_a_b

12、oy_is_happy_with_the_fact_that he can depend on the Internet to finish tasks without any difficulty. Nowadays, students can get easy access to much information they need on the Internet.On the one hand, students find it convenient to surf the Internet for useful information, where problems can be so

13、lved with the help of several clicks. On the other hand, turning to the Internet too much may cause students to use their heads less. As a result, its likely that students will not develop their potential to the full, which is not beneficial to their overall development.In my opinion, it is vital th

14、at students should be aware of the advantages and disadvantages. They should know clearly when or under what circumstance they turn to the Internet. Most importantly, they should learn to be creative.(二)請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的示意圖及其說(shuō)明寫一篇100詞左右的短文，介紹No.1 Middle School。說(shuō)明：1.籃球場(chǎng)(basketball court)餐廳學(xué)生宿舍教師宿舍花壇(flower bed)

15、；2.所有大樓四周都種有樹木和花草；3.學(xué)校占地約8.7公頃。 精彩范文No.1 Middle School, located in the west of the city on the bank of Chengxi River, covers an area of about 8.7 hectares. When you enter the school, you can see a big flower bed in front of you, and two large buildingsthe library on your right and the teaching build

16、ing on your left. Walking on further, you will find the gym, the most beautiful building on campus, in front of which there is another round flower bed. Behind it, there lie four basketball courts. Next to the courts is the sports ground. Along its east side stand three buildingsthe dining hall and

17、two dormitories for the students and teachers respectively. All the buildings are surrounded by trees and flowers. It is really a beautiful school.強(qiáng)化特訓(xùn)11書面表達(dá)(五)(限時(shí)：25分鐘/篇)1 現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的年輕人喜歡在網(wǎng)上點(diǎn)餐或打電話叫外賣，不愿意自己做飯，就這一現(xiàn)象結(jié)合下面的提示，寫一篇短文。 1.陳述現(xiàn)象； 2.說(shuō)明此現(xiàn)象的原因(至少兩點(diǎn))； 3.你個(gè)人的看法和選擇。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2.行文連貫，語(yǔ)篇完整； 3.文中不得透露

18、個(gè)人真實(shí)信息。參考詞匯：外賣店，外賣餐館takeout restaurant 精彩范文Nowadays, a growing number of young people would rather order food on the Internet or call a takeout restaurant for meals than cook at home. Its not surprising for them to do so. For one thing, with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster, time i

19、s quite precious. In their eyes, it is unnecessary to take time to cook. For another thing, home cooking food is simpler in kind and less delicious, especially for those who are particular about food.In my view, our health is closely related to what we eat. The busier we are, the more attention we s

20、hould pay to food. Therefore, I prefer to cook food at home and go on a balanced diet.2假定你是李華，是晨光中學(xué)的高三學(xué)生。在距離高考100天的心理課上，老師給出四種物件，讓你選出自己最想保留的一件東西，和最不想要的一件東西。請(qǐng)寫出活動(dòng)中你的選擇并陳述理由，每件東西至少兩個(gè)理由，并說(shuō)明活動(dòng)意義。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.文章開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：物件 itemFacing the four items put forward by my psychol

21、ogy teacher, I, a Senior Three student, 精彩范文Facing_the_four_items_put_forward_by_my_psychology_teacher,_I,_a_Senior_Three_student,_would like to keep the textbooks and abandon the cellphone. The reasons can be listed as follows.With 100 days to go, I know, compared with other things, study must come

22、 first. I will make full use of my textbooks to improve myself to get closer to my dream every day. Whats more, textbooks are the best things for me to get equipped with basic knowledge. As for the cellphone, it is the last thing to keep, for it is the biggest distraction for me. I realize being los

23、t in a cellphone is a waste of time. Also, we, as a rule, are forbidden to use cellphones in class.I love this activity, which makes me realize what I should focus on and what I should drop now.3假設(shè)你是某校學(xué)生，寒假期間，你就老百姓關(guān)心的“民生”問題進(jìn)行了一次問卷調(diào)查，下面是這次問卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果。請(qǐng)根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容寫一個(gè)調(diào)查報(bào)告，并著重選擇兩個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容，分析人們滿意或不滿意的主要原因。原因部分要求自己設(shè)想

24、。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：保險(xiǎn) insurance; 民生 peoples livelihoodDuring the winter holiday, I conducted a survey on the peoples livelihood in my hometown. 精彩范文During_the_winter_holiday,_I_conducted_a_survey_on_the_peoples_livelihood_in_my_hometown. As is apparently shown in the chart above, 8

25、0% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with the medical insurance and public transportation, while only 40% of them are satisfied with the prices. Employment gets the lowest satisfaction rateonly 30%, which is caused by the global financial crisis. People complain that food prices have g

26、one up too rapidly. And so expensive are houses in the city that families with low incomes cant afford to buy one. As far as education is concerned, much progress has been made. Most people approve of it, because most pupils neednt pay for the education fee. Some students are even supplied with free lunch at school.In a word, the government has been making great efforts to improve the peoples livelihood, but much work remains to be done.- 8 -