《仁愛英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè) Unit 6topic 1 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《仁愛英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè) Unit 6topic 1 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)（10頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、仁愛英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè) Unit 6 Enjoy CyclingTopic 1 Were going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai.一 重點(diǎn)句型。Section A 1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激動(dòng)人心的消息要告訴你們。 to tell you 是動(dòng)詞不定式短語， 作定語。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí)常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。e.g. I have nothing to talk about. 我沒什么要說的。 2. For our spring field trip, were going on a

2、three-day visit to Mount Tai. 這次春游活動(dòng)，我們將要去泰山三天。1） spring field trip 春游；2） a three-day visit為期三天的參觀。數(shù)詞+名詞的單數(shù)構(gòu)成形容詞作定語，類似的短語還有：girls 800-meter race.女子八百米賽跑；3）go on a visit to. 去旅游/參觀；e.g. We went on a visit to The Great Wall last term. 上學(xué)期我們?nèi)ラL城參觀了。3. Sounds exciting ! 聽起來太令人激動(dòng)了！Sounds exciting ! = It s

3、ounds exciting ! sound是系動(dòng)詞，后面加形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。4. Lets make the decision together. 讓我們一起來做個(gè)決定。make a decision做個(gè)決定；decision 作名詞，意為“決定”，其的動(dòng)詞是decide。常用結(jié)構(gòu)： decide to do sth. 決定做某事；e.g. He made a decision to look for a new job。= He decided to look for a new job. 他決定去找份新工作。5. Lets find out some information abou

4、t the cost. 讓我們?nèi)ゲ椴橛嘘P(guān)付費(fèi)用的資料吧。1）find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出真相；e.g. Can you find out the truth about it? 你能查出事情的真相嗎？ 區(qū)分find, find out, look for： A. find找到,發(fā)現(xiàn)，通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。 e.g. I cant find my shoes. 我找不到鞋子了。B. find out找出,發(fā)現(xiàn),查明，多指通過調(diào)查詢問、打聽、研究之后“搞清楚,弄明白”，通常含有困難曲折的過程。e.g. We may never find out the truth about w

5、hat happened. 我們也許永遠(yuǎn)無法弄清發(fā)生了什么事。 C. look for尋找，是有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作。e.g. Im looking for my keys. I cant find them. 我在尋找我的鑰匙。我找不到它們。6. Ill ask the airline over the phone. 我將打電話問問航空公司。此句還可說成Ill phone and ask the airline. 這里的phone作動(dòng)詞，意為“打電話”。phone sb. = call sb. = ring sb. up打電話給某人；phone既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞，意為“電話，電

6、話機(jī)”。e.g. May I use the phone in your office? 我可以借用你辦公室的電話嗎? I will phone you, if I go to the library. 如果我去圖書館，我就打電話給你。7. Bring your information tomorrow and well decide on the best way to travel on our field trip. 明天把你們查到的資料帶來，我們?cè)贈(zèng)Q定最好的春游方式。1） A. decide on/upon 決定，選定；e.g. Were trying to decide on a s

7、chool.我們正在設(shè)法選定一個(gè)學(xué)校。 B. decide to do sth.決定要做某事； e.g. He decides to visit the Mount Huang this summer holiday. 暑假他決定要參觀黃山。2）the best way to do. 做的最好方式，這里的動(dòng)詞作前面名詞的定語。 e.g. The best way to keep healthy is to do more exercises. 保持健康的最好方式是多做運(yùn)動(dòng)。8. How long does it cost to get to Mount Tai by？乘去泰山要花多長時(shí)間？ 9

8、. How much does it take to go there by?乘去那里要花多少錢？ 10. Where do you plan to visit? 你計(jì)劃去哪兒參觀？plan作動(dòng)詞，意為“計(jì)劃”。常用結(jié)構(gòu): plan to do sth.。plan還可以作名詞，意為“計(jì)劃”。常用短語有： make a plan ( for sth.) （為某事）制定計(jì)劃； have a plan 有一個(gè)計(jì)劃；e.g. We plan to go to America this year. 我們打算今年去美國。 Youd better make a plan for the new term.

9、你最好為新學(xué)期制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。11. How much does it cost to get there? 到那兒花費(fèi)了多少錢？cost在這里作動(dòng)詞，意為“需付費(fèi)，價(jià)格為”，其主語是物。常用結(jié)構(gòu)： sth. + costs+ sb. + sth.+ to do sth.e.g. It cost me ten yuan to buy a hamburger. 我花了十塊錢買一個(gè)漢堡。 cost還可以作名詞，意為“費(fèi)用，花費(fèi)，價(jià)錢”。e.g. They cant afford the high cost of housing. 他們負(fù)擔(dān)不起住房的高昂費(fèi)用。 區(qū)別cost, take, spend,

10、 pay：A. cost的主語是物或某種活動(dòng)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sth. costs (sb.) 金錢，某物花了(某人)多少錢；e.g. A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。B. take的主語是物，It takes sb. 時(shí)間to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間；e.g. It took them three years to build this road. 他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。 C. pay的主語必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢(給某人)買； e.g. I

11、 have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每個(gè)月要付20英磅的房租。 (2) pay for sth. 付的錢； e.g. I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書款。 D. spend的主語必須是人， 常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)： (1) spend time / money on sth. 在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)； e.g. I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。 (2) spend time / money (in) do

12、ing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事； e.g. They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。 Section B 1. Kangkang is booking train tickets to Mountain Tai. 康康正預(yù)訂到泰山的火車票。句中的book是動(dòng)詞，意為“訂票，預(yù)訂”，相當(dāng)于order。order/book a room for sb./sth. 為訂房間；e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我們想預(yù)訂一些14號(hào)那天的房間。2. The tra

13、in leaves at 11:15 a.m. And arrives at Taishan Railway Station at 6:17. 火車上午11：15出發(fā)，下午6：17抵達(dá)泰山火車站。arrive in 和arrive at 都有到達(dá)的意思，但兩者是有區(qū)別的：arrive at+較小的地點(diǎn)名詞，如school,park,zoo. arrive in+較大的地點(diǎn)名詞，如Beijing ,ShangHai e.g. He will arrive at school soon. 他很快就要到達(dá)學(xué)校啦。e.g. She has arrived in NanJing yesterday. 她

14、昨天就到南京了。3. We have tickets at ￥145 for the hard sleeper and ￥224 for the soft sleeper.我們有硬臥票145元，軟臥票224元。1）句中的介詞at意為“以，在”，一般用于表示價(jià)格、比率、年齡、速度等詞的前面。e.g. He is driving at 70 mph. 他正以時(shí)速70英里的速度駕車行駛。2）句中的for意為“供，適合于”。e.g. Ive got two tickets for the Cup Final. 我弄到兩張決賽的票。4. Id like to book 21 tickets for th

15、e hard sleeper. 我要訂21張硬臥票。 21 tickets for the hard sleeper =21 hard sleeper tickets5. Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 請(qǐng)?jiān)?：30之前付款。A. pay for支付的費(fèi)用；e.g. I have to pay for the damage. 我不得不賠償損失。B. pay for sb. to do sth. 付錢給某人做某事；e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America. 她的父母支付她去美國的費(fèi)用。C.

16、 pay some money for sth.花多少錢買某物；e.g. I paid ￥80 for the ticket. 我花了80元買這張票。與pay搭配的詞組還有很多。如：pay back償還，還錢（給某人）； pay off還清。6. How much does a standard room cost ? 一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間的價(jià)格是多少？ 7. We have rooms with a bathroom, TV, fridge and air conditioner. 我們有帶浴室、電視、冰箱、空調(diào)的房間。with a bathroom 中的with意為“帶有”，作狀語。e.g. Its

17、 a new house with a beautiful garden. 這是一幢帶有漂亮花園的新房子。with 的反義詞：without.e.g. He went to school without breakfast. 他沒有吃早餐就去上學(xué)了。8. Also, from the windows you can see the mountains. 此外，透過窗戶你可以看到群山。句中的介詞短語from the windows作狀語，前置。正常語序?yàn)椋篩ou can also see the mountain from the windows.Section C1. Borrow money

18、 from friends. 從朋友那兒借錢。borrow sth. from sb.從某人中借來某事物，相對(duì)于主語來說是借進(jìn)來東西。e.g. Can I borrow some books from you?我能從你那兒借些書嗎？lend sth. to sb.把某物借給某人。相對(duì)于主語來說是借出去。e.g. Can you lend your pen to me?你能把你的鉛筆借給我嗎？2. Give a show. 演出；A. give a show演出，作秀；e.g. The actors can give a show out in the open in a few minutes

19、 after they arrive. 演員到達(dá)后，幾分鐘內(nèi)就會(huì)演出。B. give sb. a show 給某人展示；e.g. Lets give our teachers a good show.讓我們給我們的老師們一個(gè)良好的展示吧。3. Its very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美國的學(xué)校里籌錢是很正常的。raise money 籌錢； e.g. We can raise the money ourselves. 我們可以自己籌錢。4. It costs each student one d

20、ollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一個(gè)學(xué)生花一美元便可買到一張抽獎(jiǎng)的票。 1）A. each 作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。e.g. Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.每個(gè)學(xué)生花一美元買一張票。 B. each 用于單數(shù)名詞前，作定語，謂語用單數(shù)。e.g. Each student has their own e-mail address. 每個(gè)學(xué)生都有自己的郵箱地址。 C. 用于復(fù)數(shù)主語后，作主語同位語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. They each have their own e-mail

21、address. 他們有自己的郵箱地址。2） A. draw既可作名詞也可作動(dòng)詞，作名詞時(shí)，意為“抽簽”。e.g. The draw for the second round of the World Cup 世界杯足球賽第二輪抽簽； B. draw作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“抽簽”。其過去式和過去分詞分別是： drew, drawn。e.g. Before playing cards we drew for partners.我們?cè)谕婕埮浦?，用抓牌的方式?jīng)Q定游戲伙伴。 C. draw 作動(dòng)詞，還可以意為“繪畫”。e.g. I can draw. 我會(huì)畫畫。5. So we decided to tak

22、e the train. 所以我們決定搭火車。A. take 在此處意為“乘坐（某物）；搭乘（某種交通工具）；e.g. take the train 搭火車；take a bus 搭公交車； take a plane搭飛機(jī)；take the subway 搭地鐵；B. take v. 帶走，拿走；e.g. Im taking the children for a swim later.我一會(huì)兒要帶孩子們?nèi)ビ斡尽?. Many of us didnt have enough money, so Michael advised us to raise money, such as putting

23、on a show, and selling flowers and old books. 我們中許多人沒有足夠的前，因此邁克爾建議我們做一些籌錢活動(dòng)，比如辦展覽、賣花、舊書。1） enough作形容詞，意思是足夠的;充分的，常與for或不定式連用，可以作定語或表語。作定語置于被修飾的名詞前后均可，前置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)enough，后置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)被修飾詞。 e.g. Fivemenwillbequiteenough.五個(gè)人就足夠了。 I hope there are enough glasses for each guest. 我希望這里有足夠的杯子給每位客人。 enough作副詞的意思是十分地;充分地;足

24、夠地;充足地，置于被修飾的形容詞或副詞之后，常與不定式或介詞for連用，在句子中作狀語，表示程度。e.g. This article is difficult enough to write.這篇文章夠難寫得了。2） advise v. 建議；常用結(jié)構(gòu)：advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事；其名詞形式： advice，是不可數(shù)名詞。e.g. I advised her to lose weight,but she didnt take my advice. 我建議她減肥，但是她不接受我的建議。3） A. raise在這里意為“籌集，召集”。 raise an army 招

25、募軍隊(duì)； raise money 籌錢；e.g. We are raising money for the project Hope. 我們正在為希望工程籌錢。 B. raise 意為“飼養(yǎng)，種植”。 raise cows 養(yǎng)牛； raise corn 種植玉米；e.g. We raise some ducks on the farm. 我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)養(yǎng)了些鴨子。 C. raise 還可以意為”提升，舉起，提起“，是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞（vt.)，后面必須接賓語。 rise也表示“升起”，但其是不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.），后面不能加賓語。e.g. He raised a hand in greeting. 他揚(yáng)

26、起手致敬。 The sun rises in the east. 太陽從東方升起。4） put on 在這里意為“上演，上映”，還可以意為“穿上”。e.g. The local drama group are putting on “Sister Jiang” at the Capital Theater. 當(dāng)?shù)氐膭F(tuán)正在首都劇場(chǎng)演出江姐. What dress shall I put on for the meeting? 我穿什么衣服去開會(huì)?7. Im looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望收到你的來信。1）look forward to意為“期待

27、，盼望”，其中to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后面應(yīng)接名詞、名詞性詞組、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，且常用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。e.g. Im really looking forward to our vacation. 我非常期待假期的到來。2）hear from sb.=get a letter, telephone call, etc. from sb.= receive a letter, telephone call, etc. from sb. 收到某人的來信、電話等。e.g. I didnt hear from my parents until now. I miss them very much. 直到現(xiàn)

28、在我才收到父母的來信，我非常想念他們。1. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. 最好的籌錢方式是賣報(bào)紙。1） 句中有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式短語to raise money 和to sell newspapers 它們?cè)诰渲蟹謩e作定語和表語。to raise money意為“籌錢”，修飾名詞way。如果把上面的句子倒過來則變?yōu)椋篢o sell newspapers is the best way to raise money.這時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式短語to sell newspapers 作主語。2） sell 動(dòng)詞，意為“出售，售賣?！逼浞戳x詞

29、為：buy 買。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sell sth. to sb. e.g. Do you sell stamps? 你這兒賣郵票嗎？ I sold my car to James for $800. 我把我的汽車以800美元的價(jià)格轉(zhuǎn)讓給了詹姆斯。8. I think we can sell flowers to raise money at the weekend. 我認(rèn)為我們可以在周末賣花籌錢。表示“在周末”之意時(shí)，英國英語中用at: at weekends/ at the weekend；美國英語中用on: on weekends/ on the weekend.Section D1. But

30、the most interesting thing for me was to take photos. 但是對(duì)于我來說最有趣的事情是照相。1） to take photos 不定式短語在此句中作表語。e.g. My job is to teach you English. 我的工作就是教你們英語。2） take photos 照相；2. On the third day of our trip,we climbed Mount fuji. 在我們旅行的第三天，我們怕了富士山。On the third day of. 的第三天； 在具體某一天的早、中、晚上，前用介詞on。e.g. on th

31、e morning of March 10th. 在三月十日的上午； on a cold evening 在一個(gè)寒冷的夜晚；3. It was snowing when we got to the top.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，正在下雪。1）get to the top 到達(dá)山頂；2）get to = reach = arrive in （+ 大地點(diǎn)）/at（+小地點(diǎn)） 到達(dá)某地；4. I was so excited that I didnt feel cold at all. 我太激動(dòng)了以至于一點(diǎn)兒也沒覺得冷。so. that. 意為“如此以至于”;其結(jié)構(gòu)式： so + 形容詞/副詞 + th

32、at + 狀語從句；e.g. He was so happy that he danced in the street. 他太高興了，以至于在街上跳舞。5. The weather was pleasant.天氣很舒適。6. During our trip, in the evening, I sometimes went swimming in the pool while my best friend, Kelly, always went shopping. 在旅途中，晚上我有時(shí)去游泳池游泳，而我的好朋友凱莉總是去購物。1） 區(qū)別： sometimes, some times, some

33、time, some timeA. sometimes為副詞，意思為“有時(shí)”，可用于句首、句中或句末，在句中作狀語。e.g. Sometimes he goes to the cinema on Sunday.星期天他有時(shí)去看電影。B. some times是詞組，意思為“幾次，幾倍”，其中的times為可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. He has been to Beijing for some times before.他以前去過北京幾次。C. sometime指某個(gè)不明確的時(shí)間，意思為“某個(gè)時(shí)候”。e.g. Well take our holiday sometime in August.

34、我們將在八月的某個(gè)時(shí)候度假。D. some time指某一段時(shí)間，其中的time為不可數(shù)名詞，意思為“時(shí)間”。e.g. I spend some time practicing speaking English every day.我每天花一些時(shí)間練習(xí)說英語。2） A. while 用于對(duì)比兩件事物，意為“而，然而”。e.g. I like swimming, while my brother likes watching TV at home.我喜歡游泳，而我的哥哥喜歡在家看電視。B. while 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，意為“在期間，當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，與同時(shí)”。e.g. You can go swim

35、ming while Im having lunch. 我吃午飯時(shí)，你可以去游泳。7. It was really an interesting place to visit.那兒真是一個(gè)值得游玩的有趣的地方。to visit 不定式在此句中作定語修飾前面的名詞。e.g. After Earth is a very fantastic movie to watch. 重返世界是部值得一看的精彩電影。P.S.: 如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面須加相應(yīng)的介詞。e.g. We need some paper to write on. 我們需要一些紙寫字。 二重點(diǎn)詞組。1. some exciti

36、ng news一些激動(dòng)人心的消息；2. spring field trip 春游；3. a three-day visit為期三天的參觀；4. go on a visit to. 去旅游/參觀；5. How wonderful! 太棒了！6. a few days 幾天；7. make a decision做個(gè)決定；8. choose proper vehicles選擇合適的交通工具；9. decide on/upon 決定，選定；10. decide to do sth.決定要做某事；11. phone sb.= call sb. = ring sb. up打電話給某人；12. find o

37、ut發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出真相；13. the best way to do. 做的最好方式；14. plan to do sth.計(jì)劃做某事；15. make a plan ( for sth.) （為某事）制定計(jì)劃；16. have a plan 有一個(gè)計(jì)劃；17. sth. costs (sb.) 金錢某物花了(某人)多少錢；It takes sb. 時(shí)間to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間；pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢(給某人)買； pay for sth. 付的錢；spend time / money on sth. 在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)；spend time

38、/ money (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事；18. go climbing爬山；19. have a picnic野炊；20. have an English Corner英語角；21. go swimming去游泳；22. take photos照相；23. order/book a room for sb./sth.為訂房間；24. railway station火車站；25. On April 13th 在4月13日；26. the hard sleeper硬臥；27. the soft sleeper軟臥；28. pay back償還，還錢（給某人）； 29

39、. pay off還清；30. telephone/phone number 電話號(hào)碼；31. departure time 發(fā)車時(shí)間；32. arrival time到達(dá)時(shí)間；33. book some rooms定一些房間；34. air conditioner空調(diào)；35. have rooms with a bathroom帶浴室的房間；36. see the mountains看見群山；37. a standard room 一間標(biāo)間；38. two single beds兩張單人床；39. a single room一間單人房；40. a standard room with two

40、 single beds 一間雙人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間；41. one single room with one single bed一間標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單人間；42. raise money籌錢；43. lucky money壓歲錢；44. ask sb. for money 想某人要錢；45. borrow sth. from sb.從某人中借來某事物；46. lend sth. to sb.把某物借給某人；47. give a show演出，作秀；48. give sb. a show 給某人展示；49. have many special ways有很多特別的方式；50. think of 想起；考慮；有想法；

41、51. mobile phone移動(dòng)電話；52. order a special lunch 定特別的午餐；53. collect money收集錢；54. in a restaurant在餐館；55. take the train火車；56. enough money足夠的錢；57. advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事；58. put on 上演，上映；穿上；59. sell flowers賣花；60. raise an army 招募軍隊(duì)；61. raise cows 養(yǎng)牛； 62. raise corn 種植玉米；63. look forward to期待，盼望；

42、64. hear from sb. =get a letter, telephone call, etc. from sb. = receive a letter, telephone call, etc. from sb. 收到某人的來信、電話等。65. sell newspapers賣報(bào)紙；66. sell old books賣舊書；67. at the weekend（英式）= on the weekend（美式）在周末；68. take photos 照相；69. so. that. 如此以至于；70. On the third day of. 的第三天71. in the pool在

43、游泳池；72. best friend 最好的朋友；73. get to the top 到達(dá)山頂；74. get to = reach = arrive in （+ 大地點(diǎn)）/at（+小地點(diǎn)） 到達(dá)某地； 三重點(diǎn)語法。動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種。所謂非謂語動(dòng)詞就是不作謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 不定式的構(gòu)成：to do sth (do 代表動(dòng)詞原形)，其否定形式是not to do sth，有時(shí)也可以不帶to。to只是不定式的一個(gè)符號(hào)，沒有任何實(shí)際意義。另外，動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，可以帶賓語和狀語。 不定式可以擔(dān)當(dāng)除謂語外的任何句子成分，即：主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足

44、語、同位語。具體用法如下：1. 不定式作主語：一般位于句首，謂語用單數(shù)。e.g. To go to college is our ideal. 上大學(xué)是我們的理想。 To learn foreign languages is difficult. 學(xué)外語很難。 為了平衡句子，通常用it做形式主語替不定式，即： Its+名詞/形容詞+for/of sb.+to do sth. (注：此句式中不定式邏輯上的主語可由for或of引出，當(dāng)表語的形容詞為修飾邏輯主語sb. 的kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等時(shí)，邏輯主語由of引出) 則上面

45、兩句話可變?yōu)椋?Its our ideal to go to college. Its difficult (for us) to learn foreign languages. 又如：Its kind of you to say so. 你那樣說真好。 2. 不定式作賓語： 動(dòng)詞不定式作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，常用的及物動(dòng)詞有：Begin, want, hope, forget, remember, like, love, need, try, ask, learn, wish, agree, choose, start, plan, decide, refuse 等。e.g. I like to

46、 watch TV. 我喜歡看電視。 He wants to swim. 他想要游泳。句中to watch TV, to swim分別謂語動(dòng)詞watch，wants的賓語。3. 不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語：e.g. Tell the children not to play on the road. 告訴孩子們不要在馬路上玩。 My father told me to turn the TV up. 我父親叫我把電視音量調(diào)大些。句中not to play on the road, to turn the TV up 分別作tell, told的賓語補(bǔ)足語。P.S.: (a) 做動(dòng)詞ask,like,t

47、ell,want,order,invite,wish,allow,teach等的賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式to要帶to。e.g: He asked me to clean up the park.他叫我去打掃公園。 Can you ask Tom to speak more slowly? 你能叫湯姆再說慢點(diǎn)嗎？ (b) 表示感官和做使役動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)isten to, feel, hear, see, watch, make,let,have等，作這些動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，要省略不定式to。e.g: The teacher let him do the homework.；老師讓他做作業(yè)。 (c) 作

48、動(dòng)詞help 的賓語補(bǔ)足語，不定式to 可帶可不帶。e.g.Could you help me (to) carry the bag? 你能不能幫我提包？4. 不定式作表語：A. 主語是不定式（表示條件），表語是不定式（表示結(jié)果）。e.g. To work means to make a living. 工作意味著謀生。 B. 主語是duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等名詞為中心的短語，或是以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式短語對(duì)主語起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。常用在系動(dòng)詞be, seem, get, remain等后作表

49、語。 e.g. The most important thing is to save the boy first. 最重要的事情是先救那個(gè)男孩。 The meaning of the word is to go quickly. 這個(gè)詞的意思是快點(diǎn)走。 To the doctor, the most important thing is to save the lives. 對(duì)于醫(yī)生來說，最重要的是治病救人。 This suit doesnt seem to fit her. 這套衣服似乎不合她身。 5. 不定式作定語：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí)，總是后置。當(dāng)被修飾的詞是它的邏輯賓語時(shí)，則不定式動(dòng)詞

50、必須是及物動(dòng)詞。如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，就要必要的介詞，使其構(gòu)成及物的短語動(dòng)詞。e.g. He has something important to do. 他有重要事情要做。 He gave me an interesting book to read. 他給我一本有趣的書看。如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面就得加相應(yīng)的介詞。He wants to find a chair to sit on. 他想找把椅子坐。P.S.: 下列詞語后常接動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。chance, wish, time, way, the first, need, the only, the second, the

51、 last, right, promise等。e.g. He has no time to see the film. 他沒有時(shí)間去看電影。6. 不定式做狀語：(a) 作目的狀語：e.g.He ran so fast to catch the first bus.他跑這么快是為了趕上第一趟公交車。 I come here only to say goodbye to you.我來這兒僅僅是為了向你告別。.(b) 作結(jié)果狀語從句：e.g. They were too excited to say a word.他們太激動(dòng)了以至于說不出話來。(c) 作原因狀語從句：e.g. She cried t

52、o hear the noise in the next room. 她因聽到隔壁房間的喧嘩而哭了起來。7. 動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式：其否定形式是在不定式符號(hào)to前加not。e.g. I decided not to ask him again. 我決定不再問他了。8. 動(dòng)詞不定式短語可以和疑問詞what，which，how，where, when等連用。e.g. I dont know what to do. 我不知道該做什么。 仁愛英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè) Unit 6 topic 1 練習(xí)一 選擇題。( )1.Lucy wants to have a _visit to the Great Wall

53、. She is excited.A. two-days B. two-day C. two days D. two day( )2.Which is the best _to go to Mount Tai, by bus, by train or by air?A. way B. hour C. time D. idea( )3.-How much _ it cost to Beijing by plane? -500 yuan.A. cost B. does C. is D. costs( )4.What a beautiful sweater! How much did you _ f

54、or it?A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend( )5.-The model ship is wonderful! It _ me two days to make it. A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid( )6.-How long did it take to get to the top of Mount Huang? -It took us about 3 hours _ there. A. to get to B. gets C. getting D. to get( )7.-How long do they _ doing

55、 the work? The work _them 20 hours. A. spend; takes B. spend; costs C. cost; costs D. cost; takes( )8.-Shopping with me?. -Id love to, _ I have a lot of clothes _. A. and; to wash B. and; washing C. but; to wash D. but; washing( )9.How can you _ who took the book? A. find out B. found out C. find D.

56、 found( )10.-What present will you give her for her birthday?-I want _ a new pen for her. A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. to bought( )11. My father was too angry _ a word. A. to say B. not to sayC. to saying D. didnt say( )12. My brother was old enough _ to school. A. went B. goes C. going D. to go( )

57、13. It is time _ him _ supper. A. of, to haveB. for, to haveC. of, having D. for, to has( )14. Its very kind _ you _ me. A. of, to helpB. for, to help C. of, help D. of, helping( )15. Its important _ our classroom clean every day. A. kept B. to keepC. to give D. keep( )16. Before liberation （解放）they

58、 had no chance _ to school. A. went B. go C. to go D. to be gone( )17. He said he had an important meeting _. A. attend B. would attendC. attendingD. to attend( )18. Please give me a piece of paper _. A. to writeB. to write onC. writing D. to write it( )19. I dont know _. A. what do B. what will do C. what to do D. do what( )20. Your radio needs _. A. to be repairedB. to repair C. repaired D. to repairing10