《2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法填空與短文改錯(cuò) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法精析 第三節(jié) 名詞、冠詞和數(shù)詞學(xué)案 新人教版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法填空與短文改錯(cuò) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法精析 第三節(jié) 名詞、冠詞和數(shù)詞學(xué)案 新人教版（25頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第三節(jié)名詞、冠詞和數(shù)詞考向分析熱考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法填空：名詞考查重點(diǎn)為單復(fù)數(shù)，變動(dòng)詞和形容詞；冠詞是考查熱點(diǎn)，多關(guān)注固定結(jié)構(gòu)；數(shù)詞考查較少。短文改錯(cuò)：名詞重點(diǎn)考查可數(shù)名詞未用復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞誤用復(fù)數(shù)；冠詞的誤用和漏用都要關(guān)注；數(shù)詞考查基數(shù)詞變化為序數(shù)詞。新考向2019全國(guó)卷中減少了對(duì)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的考查，加強(qiáng)了對(duì)名詞變動(dòng)詞或形容詞的考查。題型一關(guān)于名詞、冠詞和數(shù)詞的語(yǔ)法填空1Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedin(activity) onEarthDay.(2019北京)答案activities解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)設(shè)空前的修飾詞various可

2、知，此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填activities。2MakingChinese(dish) isseenasespeciallytroublesome.(2018浙江)答案dishes解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。dish菜肴，為可數(shù)名詞，中式菜肴有很多種，故此處用dish的復(fù)數(shù)形式。3Amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfrom(cause)(2018全國(guó))答案causes解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。cause表示“原因，起因”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，前面有all，故填cause的復(fù)數(shù)形式。4Thistre

3、nd，whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(醫(yī)學(xué)界) asamethodoffightingheartdisease，hashadunintendedside(effect) suchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.(2017全國(guó))答案effects解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。sideeffect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的兩個(gè)例子overweightandheartdisease可知名詞effect用復(fù)數(shù)形式effects。5Itranforj

4、ustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible(crowd) ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromwork.(2017全國(guó))答案crowds解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。crowd是可數(shù)名詞，且前面沒(méi)有限定詞，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6Shehasturneddown(invitation) tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.(2017全國(guó))答案invitations解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。several表“幾個(gè)”，其后要用名詞invitation的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

5、7LastOctober，whiletendinghergardeninMora，Sweden，LenaPahlssonpulledoutsmall(carrot) andwasabouttothrowthemaway.(2017浙江)答案carrots解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。ahandfulof一把，幾個(gè)，后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。ahandfulofcarrots幾個(gè)胡蘿卜。8Recent(study) thatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.(2016全國(guó))答案studies解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞sh

6、ow，表示復(fù)數(shù)形式，故主語(yǔ)也應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)形式。提示詞是名詞，首先分析句子，確認(rèn)不需要改變?cè)~性，就可以考慮用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。一些標(biāo)志詞可以快速確認(rèn)。1修飾詞oneof名詞復(fù)數(shù)。大于2的基數(shù)詞，different，various，many，these/those，few，afew，several，all，both，other，a (large) numberof，acoupleof，adozenof，dozensof，ahandfulof后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。some后如果名詞可數(shù)，要用復(fù)數(shù)。2謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：如果所填的名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式are，were，have或動(dòng)詞原形，則用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。3特殊的復(fù)數(shù)名詞

7、belongingsn財(cái)產(chǎn)possessionsn財(cái)產(chǎn)congratulations祝賀surroundingsn環(huán)境findingsn發(fā)現(xiàn)good/bad manners n有禮貌/沒(méi)禮貌taketurns輪流inalldirections四面八方inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪1InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements，leadingto(believe) thatpopulationsareincreasing.(2019全國(guó))答案beli

8、ef解析考查名詞。根據(jù)其前不定冠詞和其后的同位語(yǔ)從句可知，空格處為名詞形式，故填belief。2Wearesoproudofher.Its (wonder)(2019全國(guó))答案wonderful解析考查形容詞作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，在系動(dòng)詞is之后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填wonderful。3Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofinteresting(compete) towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.(2019全國(guó)) 答案competition解析考查名詞。由

9、空前的aninteresting可以確定空格處應(yīng)該填名詞形式。故填competition。4Theyalsosharedwithusmany(tradition)aboutHawaiithatwerehugelypopularwithtourists.(2019全國(guó))答案traditional解析考查形容詞?？崭裉幮揎椕~stories，應(yīng)用形容詞，tradition的形容詞形式為traditional，故填traditional。5OtherAmericanstudiesshowed(connect) betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.(2019浙江)答

10、案connection/connections解析考查名詞。no是形容詞，修飾名詞，connect的名詞形式為connection表示“聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)”，為可數(shù)名詞，故填connection/connections。6Schooluniforms(tradition) inBritain，butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.(2019浙江)答案traditional解析考查形容詞。are是系動(dòng)詞，其后常用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，tradition是名詞，“傳統(tǒng)”的意思，因此，用其形容詞形式。故填traditional。7Itsnevertooearlytomake

11、necessarypreparationsforahealthy(meaning) collegeexperience.(2019北京)答案meaningful解析考查形容詞。這里與前面的healthy并列，修飾后面的名詞collegeexperience，故此處也要用形容詞形式。故填meaningful。8Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein(weigh) problems.(2018浙江)答案weight解析考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用名詞

12、作定語(yǔ)修飾problems，weight problems意為“體重問(wèn)題”。9Toavoidkneepain，youcanrunonsoftsurfaces，doexercises(strength) yourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.(2018全國(guó))答案strengthen解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換之名詞變動(dòng)詞。此處不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填strength的動(dòng)詞形式strengthen。10Runningischeap，easyanditsalways(energy)(2018全國(guó))答案energetic解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換之名詞變形

13、容詞。連系動(dòng)詞is后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故填energy的形容詞形式energetic。11AccordingtotheWorldBank，Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal(globe) .(2018全國(guó))答案global解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換之名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~。修飾名詞短語(yǔ)fertilizerconsumption應(yīng)用形容詞，名詞globe的形容詞形式是global。12MynameisMireyaMayor.Ima(science) studiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.(2018全國(guó))答案scientist解析考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換之名

14、詞構(gòu)詞法。由空后的who可知，定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是表示人的名詞。scientist科學(xué)家。(一)提示詞是名詞，首先分析句子，如需要改變?cè)~性，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確認(rèn)用哪種詞性。構(gòu)詞法常見(jiàn)的詞根詞綴en動(dòng)詞后綴strengthstrengthen加強(qiáng)frightfrighten使害怕lengthlengthen延長(zhǎng)fy動(dòng)詞后綴beautybeautify美化qualificationqualify使取得(資格)classclassify分類ize/ise動(dòng)詞后綴apologyapologiz(s)e道歉memorymemorize記住常見(jiàn)形容詞后綴sunsunny陽(yáng)光充足的fogfoggy有霧的wealthw

15、ealthy富有的healthhealthy健康的noisenoisy吵鬧的adviseadvisable明智的，可取的comfortcomfortable舒服的acceptacceptable可接受的educationeducational有教育意義的seasonseasonal季節(jié)的additionadditional附加的，額外的accidentaccidental意外的woodwooden木制的goldgolden金色的differdifferent不同的insistinsistent堅(jiān)持的dependdependent依賴的foolfoolish愚蠢的selfselfish自私的ch

16、ildchildish孩子氣的actactive積極的impressimpressive印象深刻的powerpowerful強(qiáng)有力的peacepeaceful和平的beautybeautiful美麗的wonderwonderful很棒的helphelpful有幫助的homehomeless無(wú)家可歸的hopehopeless絕望的helphelpless無(wú)助的famefamous有名的envyenvious羨慕的humorhumorous幽默的ambitionambitious有野心的cautioncautious謹(jǐn)慎的friendfriendly友好的orderorderly有秩序的timet

17、imely及時(shí)的monthmonthly每月的daydaily每天的promisepromising有前途的rewardrewarding值得的lastlasting持續(xù)的appealappealing吸引人的inviteinviting誘人的varietyvarious多種多樣的valuevaluable珍貴的benefitbeneficial有益的energyenergetic充滿活力的名詞以ce結(jié)尾，形容詞以t結(jié)尾confidenceconfident自信的eleganceelegant優(yōu)雅的patiencepatient有耐心的evidenceevident明顯的intelligenc

18、eintelligent有才智的，智能的violenceviolent暴力的，劇烈的(二)提示詞是動(dòng)詞，首先分析句子并根據(jù)語(yǔ)境標(biāo)志詞確認(rèn)是否需要填名詞。1句子結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)空作主語(yǔ)，或者作及物動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，填名詞。系動(dòng)詞之后，含義是“什么”，用名詞。2語(yǔ)境標(biāo)志詞冠詞 (形容詞)名詞。形容詞性物主代詞、所有格、數(shù)詞、量詞、形容詞之后，往往用名詞。and/but/or并列連詞連接并列成分。3動(dòng)詞變名詞規(guī)律常見(jiàn)的名詞后綴ness，ment，tion，ance，siondescribedescription描述permitpermission允許applyapplication申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用argu

19、eargument爭(zhēng)論concludeconclusion結(jié)論dependdependence依賴動(dòng)詞al變成名詞arrivearrival到達(dá)approveapproval批準(zhǔn)；贊同withdrawwithdrawal撤回；取款disposedisposal處理proposeproposal建議；求婚survivesurvival幸存1Ofnineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations，threearedeclining，sixarestable，oneisincreasing，andninelackenoughdata.(2019全國(guó))答案the解析考查

20、定冠詞。此處為特指，意為“在已知的19個(gè)北極熊亞種群中”，故填the。2Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshortlisted，wethoughtitwasjoke.(2019全國(guó))答案a解析考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意“我們還以為這是一個(gè)玩笑”可知，此處joke為泛指，且joke的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭故填a。3Everybodywearssamestyleofclothes.(2019浙江)答案the解析句意為：每個(gè)人都穿相同風(fēng)格的衣服。same是形容詞，意思是“相同的”，常與the連用修飾名詞。故填the。4Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125perce

21、ntoverpast25years，whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.(2018全國(guó))答案the解析考查冠詞。此處特指過(guò)去的25年，故用定冠詞the。5Unexpectedly，Imfacetofacewiththegorilla，whobeginsscreamingattopofherlungs.(2018全國(guó))答案the解析考查冠詞。atthetopofoneslungs用最響亮的聲音，放聲大叫，為固定搭配。6Asresult，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.(2017全國(guó)

22、)答案a解析考查固定搭配中的冠詞。asaresult結(jié)果。7Instead，sheisearning6,500adayasmodelinNewYork.(2017全國(guó))答案a解析考查冠詞。句意為：相反，她在紐約作為一名模特每天收入6500英鎊。用不定冠詞a表泛指。8ForPahlsson，itsreturnwaswonder.(2017浙江)答案a解析考查冠詞。awonder一個(gè)奇跡。1定冠詞the上文提及，獨(dú)一無(wú)二，普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前，西洋樂(lè)器前，序數(shù)詞前，最高級(jí)前，用定冠詞the。含有修飾限定詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中“theadj.”表示一類人the定語(yǔ)名詞the名詞定語(yǔ)從句/非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)thev

23、ery/only名詞thesame2泛指，表“一個(gè)”用a/an。往往沒(méi)有修飾限定詞，a/an(形容詞)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞首字母是元音字母，但發(fā)輔音，用冠詞a，如auniversity，auseful/usual/unique/united/European/oneeyed/oneway名詞以u(píng)開(kāi)頭，但用an(往往是un否定前綴)：anunusual/unhappy/unforgettable名詞，anumbrella雨傘首字母是輔音字母但發(fā)元音：anhour，anhonor，anhonest名詞3固定搭配中的冠詞定冠詞thecatch/hit/takesb.介the身體部位，inthe1990s，o

24、ntheInternet，in/over/duringthepastdays/months/years在過(guò)去的日/月/年，makethemost/best of充分利用，in the countryside在鄉(xiāng)下，be in the habit of有的習(xí)慣，at the same time同時(shí)，at the top of在的頂端，for the time being暫時(shí)，the other daya few days ago幾天前，on the way在途中，in the long term/run長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看來(lái)，themore.，themore.句型不定冠詞a/anhaveagoodtime玩得

25、高興，makealiving謀生，asaresult因此，forawhile一會(huì)，inahurry匆忙地，inaword總之，atadistance離一段距離，awasteof.浪費(fèi)，amatterof.的問(wèn)題，haveagoodknowledgeof精通；掌握，makeanapology道歉，payavisitto拜訪，keepaneyeon照看；關(guān)注抽象名詞具體化：表示一個(gè)的人/事asuccess/pleasure/comfort/surprise/failureonefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefiftheighteighth，nineninth，twe

26、lvetwelfth，twentytwentieth，thirtythirtieth題型二關(guān)于名詞、冠詞和數(shù)詞的短文改錯(cuò)1.thefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly.(2019全國(guó))答案playerplayers解析考查名詞的數(shù)。“player(運(yùn)動(dòng)員)”為可數(shù)名詞，all(所有的)后需要用player的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將player改為players。2SinceIwasakid，IveconsideredjobIwouldliketodo.(2019全國(guó))答案jobjobs解析考查名詞的數(shù)?！癹ob(工作；職業(yè))”為可數(shù)名詞，用differen

27、t(不同的)修飾時(shí)意思為不同種類的工作，應(yīng)該用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將job改為jobs。3Iwishtohaveachainofcafesincity.(2019全國(guó))答案citycities解析考查名詞的數(shù)。manydifferent后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把city改為cities。4LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain，theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisechicken.(2018全國(guó))答案chickenchickens解析考查名詞的數(shù)。dozensof許多，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。5Aftersupper，wewouldplaycardgame

28、sofsortinthesittingroom.(2018全國(guó))答案sortsorts解析考查名詞的數(shù)。all后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。ofallsorts各種各樣的。6Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludeslearningfrom，andmistakeaswell.(2018全國(guó))答案mistakemistakes解析考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。mistake是可數(shù)名詞，且由textbooks可知此處所指的“錯(cuò)誤”不止一個(gè)，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。7Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Tur

29、nleft！”(2017全國(guó))答案wordwords解析考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)后面引號(hào)內(nèi)的內(nèi)容可知word應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式words。8Besides，theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheInternet.(2017全國(guó))答案informationsinformation解析考查名詞的數(shù)。information是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。1不可數(shù)名詞furniture家具information信息progress進(jìn)步advice建議equipment設(shè)備knowledge知識(shí)homework家庭作業(yè)housework家務(wù)活wordnews消息lugga

30、ge/baggage行李air空氣space空地；空間room空間；余地2不用冠詞月/季/星期/節(jié)假(day 構(gòu)成)/洲/呼語(yǔ)/頭銜/職務(wù)(作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)時(shí))/三餐/球類慣用語(yǔ)/學(xué)科/棋類與by連用的交通工具前零冠詞bysea，bycar，byair固定詞組atwar在交戰(zhàn)中inpeace處于和平狀態(tài)ingoodcondition情況良好catch/losesightof看(不)到doharmto對(duì)有害inplace在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmeandalmosthitme.(2019全國(guó))答案football之前加a解析考查冠詞。一

31、般情況下，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前需加限定詞，football為可數(shù)名詞，且其發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故需加不定冠詞a，表示泛指。2Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.(2019全國(guó))答案ana解析考查冠詞的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在輔音音素前。unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，其前應(yīng)用a。故把a(bǔ)n改為a。3Duringmylastwinterholiday，Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.(2018全國(guó))答案countryside之前加the解析考查冠詞。go

32、tothecountryside表示“去鄉(xiāng)下”，是固定搭配。4Asthekid，Ilovedtowatchcartoons，butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchthem，myparentswouldnotletme.(2018全國(guó))答案thea解析考查冠詞。此處表示泛指而非特指。5Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.(2017全國(guó))答案first之前加the或my解析詞法錯(cuò)誤。句意為：我仍然記得第一天有多艱難。表示第幾天，序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the或者用限定詞進(jìn)行修飾。6Theylivefarfromtheschool，andit

33、takesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.(2017全國(guó))答案第一個(gè)aan/one解析詞法錯(cuò)誤。hour的發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，前面要用不定冠詞an。表示“一個(gè)小時(shí)”可以用anhour也可以用onehour。1漏用定冠詞the2定冠詞the和不定冠詞a/an的混用3有冠詞和沒(méi)有冠詞含義有區(qū)別infrontof在前面(在范圍之外)/inthefrontof在前部(在范圍之內(nèi))incontrolof控制/inthecontrolof被控制inchargeof管理/inthechargeof受管理inword口頭上/inaword總而言之takepla

34、ce發(fā)生/taketheplaceof代替outofquestionbeyondquestion毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)/outofthequestionimpossible不可能byday在白天/bytheday按天計(jì)算inpossessionofsth.擁有某物/inthepossessionofsb.為某人所擁有inplaceof代替/intheplaceof在地方1Toeveryonessurprising，theballwentintothenet.(2019全國(guó))答案surprisingsurprise解析考查固定搭配。toonessurprise意為“使某人驚訝的是”。故將surprising改

35、為surprise。2Then，whenIwasinthefivegrade，IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteacherverymuch.(2019全國(guó))答案fivefifth解析考查序數(shù)詞。年級(jí)、班級(jí)是按數(shù)字順序排列的，所以“在幾年級(jí)”中的數(shù)詞需要用序數(shù)詞，前面要有定冠詞。故將five改為fifth。3WhenIwaslittle，F(xiàn)ridaysnightwasourfamilygamenight.(2018全國(guó))答案FridaysFriday解析考查名詞作定語(yǔ)。Fridaymorning/afternoon/night星期五的上午/下午

36、/晚上。4Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday，Itookdrivinglessons.(2017全國(guó))答案eighteeneighteenth解析考查序數(shù)詞。表達(dá)多少歲生日用序數(shù)詞，因此eighteen應(yīng)該改為eighteenth。1名詞所有格表示和名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系；構(gòu)成“ones名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。2名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾另外一個(gè)名詞，表示材料、類別或用途。3表示順序或等級(jí)，用序數(shù)詞。4分?jǐn)?shù)：基數(shù)詞為分子，序數(shù)詞為分母。分子大于一，分母序數(shù)詞s。增分訓(xùn)練增分單句訓(xùn)練.單句語(yǔ)法填空1Wellofffamiliesareruledbycalendars，

37、withchildrenparticipatinginballet，soccerandafterschoolprograms，accordingtonewPewResearchCentersurvey.(2019湖南師大附中模擬)答案a解析第一次提到這個(gè)調(diào)查，表示“一個(gè)”，用a/an，又因?yàn)閚ew的發(fā)音是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，所以用不定冠詞a。故填a。2Itisunforgettableformetoseethehugecocacolabillboardshownonunnamedlongandnarrowstreet.(2019山東煙臺(tái)萊山實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬)答案an解析此處是泛指一條無(wú)名的長(zhǎng)而狹窄的街

38、道，所以用不定冠詞。因?yàn)閡nnamed的發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，所以用an。3Italsostressedthatadmissionsarenotonlybasedontestscoresbutacomprehensive(assess) ofeachapplicant.(2019山東濰坊二模)答案assessment解析此處是“aadj.n.”的結(jié)構(gòu)，assess的名詞形式為assessment，意為“一個(gè)綜合評(píng)價(jià)”。4InJanuary，manyShanghaiyoungstershandedinproposalsonissuesrangingfromnetworksecurityandthe

39、futurecitytotheprotectionof(tradition) culture.(2019河南鄭州質(zhì)檢)答案traditional解析根據(jù)后面的名詞可以確認(rèn)前面需要填形容詞。所以填traditional。5Despiteavague(describe) oftheremotemountainvillage，theexplorershadnodifficultyfindingitwiththehelpofthelocals.答案description解析此處是“aadj.n.”的結(jié)構(gòu)。特別注意describe變成名詞是不規(guī)則變化，其名詞形式為description。6Ifwecan

40、givemorethanreceive，well(strength) theharmonyamongpeopleandliveinabetterworld.(2019河南名校聯(lián)盟沖刺卷)答案strengthen解析此處需要?jiǎng)釉~與and后的live并列作謂語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)變?yōu)閟trengthen表示“加強(qiáng)；強(qiáng)化”。7Thereis，forexample，apassionateletterfromHuangYongyutoplaywrightCaoYu30yearsagotocriticizehislackof(create)(2019湖南六校聯(lián)考)答案creativity解析介詞of后跟名詞，故用名詞

41、形式creativity“創(chuàng)造力”。8ThePacificOceancontainsabout25,000islands.The(major) ofthemarefoundsouthoftheequator(赤道)(2019山東濰坊模擬)答案majority解析通過(guò)the可以判斷，需要填名詞形式。9TheyarebythecoastandknownforhavingsomeofsunniestweatherintheUK.(2019山西新絳汾河中學(xué)三模)答案the解析后面有最高級(jí)，意為“陽(yáng)光最充沛的天氣”，所以判定需要用定冠詞the。10Andhehasseenrapid(grow) inmu

42、sic，film，fashioninChina，whichoffersopportunitiestopeoplefrom(variety) backgrounds.(2019山東實(shí)驗(yàn)打靶)答案growth；various解析rapid為形容詞，空格處應(yīng)為hasseen的賓語(yǔ)，所以grow應(yīng)變?yōu)槊~形式growth；第二個(gè)空格處，由后面的名詞backgrounds判斷，此處需要填形容詞，所以變?yōu)樾稳菰~形式various。.易錯(cuò)練習(xí)1Inadditiontotopscoresongaokao，(apply) alsoneedtomeetEnglishlanguagerequirements，par

43、ticipateinaninterviewandtakeasubjectspecificwrittenadmissionassessment.(2019四川成都七中三診)答案applicants解析句子缺少主語(yǔ)，可以判斷需要填名詞。根據(jù)含義判斷，此處說(shuō)的是申請(qǐng)者，需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以填applicants。2Expertsnotethat(chemical) againstthewormsarecostly，dangerousanddonotalwayswork.(2019四川綿陽(yáng)三診)答案chemicals解析通過(guò)分析可知that從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，所以chemical此處用作名詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為a

44、re，所以應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3Beijing，thecapitalofChina，remainedthemostattractivecityforChinese(graduate)，followedbyShenzhenandShanghai.答案graduates解析graduate此處作名詞，意為“畢業(yè)生”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處表復(fù)數(shù)概念，故填graduates。4Francesentasenior(represent) tothesecondBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperationinBeijinginApril,2019.答案representat

45、ive解析此處是“aadj.n.”的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填representative。5Clonesofdifferentkindsareproducedinvariousways，andtheyhavebecome(value) inmanymedicalapplicationsandbiologicalexperiments.答案valuable解析考查名詞變形容詞。become為系動(dòng)詞，所以此處用形容詞形式作表語(yǔ)。.單句改錯(cuò)(除注明，其余每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1Byusingthesesimpletechnique，Iveimprovedmyefficiencyandmadeagooduseofm

46、ytime.(兩處錯(cuò)誤) (2019山東滕州滕東中學(xué)調(diào)研)答案techniquetechniques；去掉a解析these后面需要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以改成techniques；makegooduseof為固定搭配，沒(méi)有冠詞。2EverytimeIreadthepoem，asadlookingwomanstandingintherainandwindseemstoappearinthefrontofme，waitingforherhusbandtoreturn.(2019山東濰坊二模)答案去掉frontof前的the解析inthefrontof在的前部(在范圍之內(nèi))；infrontof在的前面(在范

47、圍之外)。3ThepoemisTheAwaitingStonebyWangJian，oneofthemostfamouspoetintheTangDynasty.(2019山東濰坊二模)答案poetpoets解析oneof名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以poet應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，意為“唐朝最著名的詩(shī)人之一”。4ItookhimtomanylocalplaceofinterestandwealsowenttothetheatertowatchashowofPekingOpera.(2019山東肥城檢測(cè))答案placeplaces解析many提示后面應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。placeofinterest的復(fù)數(shù)是把place變成復(fù)數(shù)

48、。5I was lost in happinesses because I did a little for a stranger and I gained a lot.(2019吉林遼源二模)答案happinesseshappiness解析happiness快樂(lè)，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。6LastMonday，ithitmethatmybelovedgrandmotherbirthdaywasaroundthecorner.Idecidedtomakeheranuniquepresent.(兩處錯(cuò)誤)(2019湖南懷化二模)答案grandmothergrandmothers；ana解析由

49、語(yǔ)境知，此處指奶奶的生日，故此處需要用所有格，所以grandmother改成grandmothers；unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，所以只能用冠詞a。7WellclimbMangshanMountaininthemorning，onwhosetopwellhaveapicnicatthenoon.(2019山東德州平原四模)答案去掉noon前的the解析atnoon在中午，noon前沒(méi)有冠詞。8OnlywithpractisingoverandoveragaindoIbelieveIcancatchupwithotherfantasticplayeroneday.(2019河南鄭州畢業(yè)檢測(cè)

50、)答案playerplayers解析other后面需要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以改為players。9Thencamevariousperformance，includingsinging，dancingandkungfu.(2019安徽合肥檢測(cè))答案performanceperformances解析various修飾名詞，需要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以改為performances。10Whileworking，helearnedthatanothermembersofourcommunityhadbeenveryillandhiswifewaslookingforsomeoneshecouldhiretocle

51、anthehouse.答案membersmember解析考查名詞。根據(jù)后文的敘述及another可知，這里應(yīng)該指的是社區(qū)里的另外一個(gè)成員生病了，所以應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)，故應(yīng)把members改為member。增分寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練名詞、冠詞和數(shù)詞在寫(xiě)作中的應(yīng)用1IknowwellaboutChinesepaintings，whichisbeneficialforintroducingthemtothelocals.(beof抽象名詞be形容詞)(2019全國(guó))IpossessagoodknowledgeofChinesepaintings,whichisofgreatbenefitforintroducingt

52、hemtothelocals.2Youshouldbewellprepared，whichmeansyoushouldparticipateinregularpractice，sleepproperlyandhaveabalanceddiet.(同義句改寫(xiě))(2019全國(guó))Properpreparationsincludefrequentparticipationinregularpractice，propersleepandabalanceddiet.3Ihopeyoucanconfirmwithmewhenitisconvenientforyou.(同義句改寫(xiě))(2019全國(guó))Ihopey

53、oucansendmeyourconfirmationatyourconvenience.強(qiáng)化練(五).語(yǔ)法填空A(2019吉林遼源二模)ChineseAmericancommunitygroupsarepreparingtoholdtheirsecondannualInternationalConfuciusCulturalFestival(孔子文化節(jié)) onSept.28inFlushingQueens，NewYorkCityseasternmostborough.Theeventservesnotonly1.aspectacularceremonytomemorizetheworldfa

54、mousChinesephilosopher，butachance2.(celebrate) Chineseculturetogetherwithotherlocalcommunities，saidWangLizhi，presidentofAmericaEastShandongAssociation (AESA)CosponsoredbyAESA，AmericaEastShandongChamberofCommerceandConfuciusEducationFoundationInc，thefestival3.(feature) recitationofthe“DiZiGui”，litera

55、llytranslatedas“StandardsforBeingaGoodPupilandChild”，abook4.(write) basedonConfuciusteachingsthatemphasizethe5.(base) necessitiesforbeingagoodpersonandguidelinesfor6.(live)inharmonywithothers，aswellasChinesetraditionaldances，Shandongfolkmusicandphotoexhibitions.Thegroupshostedthe7.(one) Internationa

56、lConfuciusCulturalFestivalinflushingonSept.28lastyeartocelebratethe2,568thanniversaryofthebirthofConfucius (551BC479BC)Confuciuswas8.extraordinaryeducatorandphilosopher，andfoundedConfucianism.Itwashe9.firstsetupprivateschoolsandreceivedstudentsfromeverywalkoflifewithout10. (consider) oftheirsocialst

57、atus.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了孔子文化節(jié)的慶祝活動(dòng)及該節(jié)日的意義，同時(shí)也對(duì)孔子做了介紹。1答案as解析考查介詞。此處指慶祝孔子文化節(jié)活動(dòng)不僅是作為一個(gè)壯觀的儀式來(lái)紀(jì)念世界著名的中國(guó)哲學(xué)家。表示“作為”用介詞as。2答案tocelebrate解析考查動(dòng)詞不定式。此處指這個(gè)活動(dòng)還是與當(dāng)?shù)仄渌鐓^(qū)一起慶祝中國(guó)文化的機(jī)會(huì)。此處是不定式作chance的定語(yǔ)，故填tocelebrate。3答案features解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處指這個(gè)文化節(jié)以背誦弟子規(guī)為特色，與上下文時(shí)態(tài)一致用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)thefestival是單數(shù)，故填features。4答案written解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中abo

58、ok與動(dòng)詞write是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，指書(shū)被寫(xiě)。此處用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)，故填written。5答案basic解析考查形容詞。修飾名詞necessities用形容詞，指基本的需要。故填basic。6答案living解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中介詞for后用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，故填living。7答案first解析考查序數(shù)詞。此處由定冠詞the限制，根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭“holdtheirsecondannualInternationalConfuciusCulturalFestival(孔子文化節(jié))onSept.28”可知今年是第二屆，去年是第一屆。故填first。8答案an解析考查冠詞。此處指孔子是一位杰

59、出的教育家和哲學(xué)家，表示“一個(gè)”且extraordinary首字母發(fā)元音。故填不定冠詞an。9答案that/who解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。本句是“Itis.that/who.”強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)he，故用that/who引導(dǎo)。10答案consideration/considering解析考查詞性變換。此處指孔子接收來(lái)自各行各業(yè)的學(xué)生，而不考慮他們的社會(huì)地位。介詞without后加名詞，再加of結(jié)構(gòu)，故填名詞consideration。B(2019四川重點(diǎn)中學(xué)評(píng)估)Sincechildhood，I11. (see) actionmoviesstarringBruceLeeandJackieCha

60、n，andIwasalwayscurioustolearnthemartialarts(武術(shù)).12.thereisChina，thereiskungfu.OnceIarrivedinChina，mydreamwas13. (learn) taichiandkungfuandmasterthetechniquesofmartialarts.Aftermyarrivaloncampusonthefirstday，Iwentforawalkintheearlymorning.Isawsomeolderpeople14.(practise) taichislowly.Istoppedandwatch

61、edtheirmovementsclosely.Itattractedme，andtheverynextdayatregistrationtime，Irushedtotheteachersofficetochoosetaichiasmy15.(option) course.ThefollowingweekIwasonthegroundsearlyinthemorningwithmyclassmates.Theteachertoldusthattaichi16.(favor) foritshealthbenefits.Themovementofthebodyisrelated17.theyinandyangforces.Themain18. (rule) thattheteachertaughtuswereattitude，d