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1、2022屆中考英語二輪復習 知識講與練 第25課 形容詞與副詞試題課堂突破形 容 詞概念用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞，叫作形容詞。作用作定語You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden你能在花園里見到許多美麗的花朵。作表語Your coat is too small你的外套太小了。作賓語補足語The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy那位年老的婦女保持一切東西干凈整潔。一、形容詞的用法用法例句1. 有些形容詞只能作表語。如：alone, afraid, asleep等

2、。Dont wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep不要把睡著的小孩叫醒。他睡著了。The old man is alone這個老人獨自一人。2. 形容詞用來修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時，要放在這些詞的后面。Youd better tell us something interesting你最好告訴我們一些有趣的事情。The police found nothing strange in the room警察在房間里沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的事情。3. 多個形容詞作定語時排列的先后順序是：（1）冠詞或

3、人稱代詞；（2）數(shù)詞；（3）性質(zhì)；（4）大??；（5）形狀；（6）表示老少、新舊；（7）顏色；（8）事務、質(zhì)地、人的國籍、用途。His grandpa still lives in this small short house他爺爺還住在這個矮小的房子里。The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates那個婦女買了兩個漂亮的中國盤子。4. 形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，表示一類人，謂語常用復數(shù)。這類詞有：rich/poor, good/bad,young/old, healthy/ill, living/dead, black/white

4、（表示人種）等。The young should take good care of the old年輕人應該好好照顧老年人。The rich never help the poor in this country在這個國家，富人從來不幫助窮人。5. 形容詞短語作定語時要后置。They are the students easy to teach他們是很容易教的學生。We live in a house much larger than yours我們住的房子比你們的大得多。6. else要放在疑問代詞或復合不定代詞之后。Did you see anybody else?你看到別的人了嗎？二、

5、形容詞比較等級形容詞比較等級的規(guī)則變化表情況改法例詞原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞比較級在詞尾加-er；最高級在詞尾加-esttallcleanfewtallercleanerfewertallestcleanestfewest以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞比較級在詞尾加-r；最高級在詞尾加-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞比較級先雙寫詞尾這個輔音字母，再加-er；最高級先雙寫詞尾這個輔音字母，再加-estbig fatthin sadhot redwet bigger fatterthinner sadderh

6、otter redderwetter biggest fattestthinnest saddesthottest reddest wettest 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞比較級改y為i，加-er；最高級改y為i，加-esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest兩個或兩個以上音節(jié)的詞比較級在詞前加more；最高級在詞前加mostusefulexpensivemore usefulmore expensivemost usefulmost expensive常見形容詞比較等級的不規(guī)則變化表原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/

7、badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest三、形容詞比較等級的基本句型等級句型例句原級as+原級+as，意為“和一樣”I think this book is as interesting as that one. 我認為這本書和那本書一樣有趣。not+as/so+原級+as，意為“不如”Its not as/so hot today as yesterday. 今天不如昨天熱。less+原級+than，意為“不如”Th

8、is story is less interesting than that one. 這個故事不如那個故事有趣。比較級比較級+than，意為“一者比另一者”Your T-shirt is nicer than his. 你的T恤衫比他的好看。the+比較級，the+比較級，意為“越越”The busier we are, the happier we will be. 我們越忙越快樂。比較級+and+比較級，意為“越來越”O(jiān)ur country is getting stronger and stronger. 我們的國家正變得越來越強大。等級句型例句比較級the+比較級+of the tw

9、o.，意為“兩者中較為的一個”Jack is the younger of the two boys. 杰克是兩個男孩中年齡較小的一個。數(shù)詞+times+比較級+than，意為“比更”This room is three times bigger than that one. 這個房間比那個房間大三倍。比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/比較級+than+the other+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，意為“比其他任何一個都”He is taller than any other boy in his class. =He is taller than the other boys in h

10、is class.他比班里的其他任何一個男孩都高。最高級the+形容詞最高級+名詞+in/of短語Jim is the tallest boy of all.吉姆是所有男孩中個子最高的。疑問詞+be+the+最高級Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?太陽、月亮和地球哪一個最大？the+序數(shù)詞+最高級，意為“第幾最”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國第二長河。one of the+最高級+復數(shù)名詞，意為“最之一”Shanghai is one

11、of the biggest cities in the world. 上海是世界上最大的城市之一?！净顚W活用】 用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. The more fruit and vegetables you eat, the_ （healthy） you will be.2. Ive got quite a few dictionaries. Among them, the Chinese-English dictionary is the （useful）.3. My time in the middle school was one of_ （exciting） periods of

12、my life.4. Many students are_（happy） with too much homework. They need more time for their hobbies.5. Why are you looking_（sleep） in class all day?Because I cant finish my homework until eleven every night.副 詞用法主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)。形式簡單副詞這類副詞本身就是副詞，沒有特殊的詞尾。如：now, how, there, quite, very, always, too

13、, back,again等。由形容詞+-ly構(gòu)成的副詞這些詞多數(shù)是方式副詞。如：bravely, quickly, quietly, greatly, carefully, gladly, slowly, deeply, clearly, firmly, simply, angrily, truly等。與形容詞同形的副詞earlyan early bus早班車go to school early上學早 hardhard work艱辛的工作study hard努力學習enoughenough money足夠的錢big enough足夠大 latebe late for school上學遲到go

14、to bed late睡覺遲作用1. 用在形容詞或其他副詞前。如：I know him quite well. 我對他很熟悉。She is quite interested in English. 她對英語很感興趣。2. 修飾動詞，表示時間、地點、方式、頻率等。如：He went into the room quietly. 他悄悄地走進了房間。They often go skating in winter. 冬天他們經(jīng)常去滑冰。3. 修飾整個句子。如：Luckily, they won the game. 很幸運，他們贏了這場比賽。4. 用在名詞后作定語。如：Look at the tree

15、s there. 看那兒的那些樹。The young people here all like football. 這兒的年輕人都喜歡足球。5. 作賓語補足語。如：I saw her out with her parents. 我看見她跟她父母一起出去了。位置1. 副詞修飾動詞時，一般放在動詞的后面；若是修飾及物動詞，則放在賓語之后。如：Tom does his homework carefully. 湯姆做功課很細心。2. 頻度副詞often, always, usually, never以及just, really, suddenly, still等，通常放在實義動詞之前，情態(tài)動詞、助動詞

16、或連系動詞be之后。如：They always get up very early. 他們總是起得很早。Li Ping is often late for school. 李平經(jīng)常上學遲到。3. 副詞修飾形容詞或其他副詞時，放在被修飾詞之前。如：This problem is too difficult. 這個問題太難了。注：副詞enough通常放在被修飾詞之后。如：My brother isnt old enough to go to school. 我弟弟還不到上學的年齡。4. 如果一個句子里同時出現(xiàn)有表示時間、地點的副詞作狀語時，通常是先地點、后時間。如：He worked in Qin

17、gdao last year. 他去年在青島工作。I was born in Wuhan in 1976. 我于1976年出生于武漢。5. 當多個時間副詞連用時一般把較具體的時間放在前面，較籠統(tǒng)的時間放在后面。如：My uncle will leave for Shanghai at 7 oclock in the morning tomorrow. 我叔叔明天早晨7點將去上海。6. 為了強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間，有些副詞可置于句首，如once, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, now, usually等。如：Yesterday we all went to the park.

18、 昨天我們都去公園了。Usually we get on very well with each other. 通常我們彼此相處得都很好。7. 有少數(shù)副詞在句中的位置非常靈活，常放在與它關(guān)系最密切的詞前，如only, even等。如：He can only read. He cant write. 他只會讀，不會寫。Only I have been there. They havent been there. 只有我去過那兒。他們沒去過。比較等級1. 副詞比較級和最高級大多數(shù)是在詞前加more和most。只有少數(shù)幾個副詞，如quick, fast, slow, early等是在詞尾加-er和-

19、est。如：They run faster than before. 他們比以前跑得快。He got to school earliest in his class. 在他的班里他到校最早。2. 副詞比較等級的用法與形容詞比較等級的用法基本相同，但副詞最高級前的定冠詞the可有可無。如：The boy writes （the） most carefully of the four. 那個男孩是四個人當中寫得最認真的。3. 不規(guī)則副詞的比較級和最高級：wellbetterbest badlyworseworst littlelessleast muchmoremost farfarther/fu

20、rtherfarthest/furthest【活學活用】 用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. The leaders believed_（strong） that the purpose of the program was to give young overseas Chinese a chance to learn more about themselves.2. Could you please speak a little more_（slow）? I cant follow you.3. Wei Fang is very young, but she draws as_（good） as

21、 her brother.4. Do you think yesterdays math problem was difficult?Yes, I could_（hard） work it out.5. Jane listens_ （careful） in her class.當堂檢測一、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。1. （xx金華、麗水）If you are at a party, youll find everyone smiling_（開心地） and loudly.2. （xx寧波）The_（努力） you work, the more progress you will make.3. W

22、e felt_（驕傲的） when Liu Xiang won first prize again in the race.4. Everybody should remember it is not_（安全的） to swim in the river alone.5. His grandparents live_（獨自） in a small house, but they dont feel_（孤單的）.6. I think winter is a beautiful season,_（尤其） when it snows.Me, too.7. In the piano contest,

23、my brother didnt play well and I did even_（差勁的）.8. Have you ever seen the movie called The Secret?Yes, but I think its_（無聊的）. I fell asleep when I saw it.9. The bread smells good and it sells_（好）.10. Its_（浪費的） to throw away old things. Some of them can be reused.二、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給漢語提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。

24、（xx諸暨中考模擬）As a high school student, Kimmarie Pond hadnt considered living 1_（健康地） by cycling. That changed after she took part in Soul Cycles Soul Scholarship program in the 2_（第九） month of last year. The program 3_（教） teens only from New Yorks suburbs（郊區(qū)） at that time.The 17-year-old girl, Kimmarie

25、 Pond, was asked 4_（是否） she thought she was too old to learn about living a fit lifestyle or not. “I would say that youre never too old to learn anything. And I dont think cycling is that hard,” she said. “We take nutrition（營養(yǎng)） classes, where we learn about 5_（知識） that can help us to be fit. Whats m

26、ore, I think their teaching methods are also really interesting and 6_（有用的）,” another student Brown said.About one-third of the teens used to spend plenty of time 7_（關(guān)閉） off puters before cycling. They really disliked cycling. But now, they are working out regularly. “We could have expected that the

27、 kids would be so 8_（興奮的） about the program,” said Ashley Mashihi, a cycling 9_（教練）. “Its such a simple way that you can do either indoors or outdoors to lose weight,” she added.Small steps can mean big changes for these teens. “Doing sports has always been part of my daily life,” Maria Caban said.

28、She said she felt “a sense of 10_（自豪）” after taking part in the program. “When I walk out,” she said, “I walk with my head up.”參考答案課堂突破形容詞1. healthier 2. most useful 3. the most exciting 4. unhappy 5. sleepy副詞1. strongly 2. slowly 3. well 4. hardly 5. the most carefully當堂檢測一、1. happily 2. harder 3.

29、proud 4. safe5. alone, lonely 【解析】句意為“他的爺爺奶奶單獨住在一個小房子里，但是并不感到孤獨”。alone意為“獨自地”；lonely意為“內(nèi)心孤獨的”。6. especially7. worse 【解析】由題干中的my brother和I可以看出是兩者比較；又由并列連詞and可知前后是承接關(guān)系，題中的even也提示用比較級，即“哥哥彈得不好，我彈得更不好”。8. boring 9. well 10. wasteful二、1. healthily 2. ninth 3. taught 4. whether 5. knowledge 6. useful 7. shutting/turning 8. excited 9. coach 10. pride