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1、浙江省杭州市2022年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時訓(xùn)練03 Units 1-4（七下）.xx連云港閱讀理解Batsaretheonlymammalsthatcanflyagreatdistance,buttheyhaveanotherability.Manybatsliveaverylongtimeforananimaltheirsize.Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatstounderstandwhytheylivesolong.Theyhopetomakediscoveriestofighttheagingprocess(過程)inhumanbeings.Las

2、tweek,thegroupofscientistssaidtheyhadfoundimportantbiologicalqualitiesinsomebatspecies.Thegroupstudiedbatchromosomes(染色體),alineofgenesfoundinthenucleus(核)ofcells.Thescientistsweremostinterestedinpartsconnectedtotheendsofthechromosomes.Theyarecalledtelomeres(端粒).Telomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomes,w

3、hichshorteneachtimeacelldivides.Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.AreportonbatswaspublishedthismonthinthejournalScienceAdvances.AmongtheleadersofthestudywasEmmaTeeling,abiologistwithUniversityCollegeDublininIreland.Teelingsaidstudyinglong-livingmammalsthathavedevelopedways

4、tofightaging “isanotherwaytoprovethemolecular(分子)basisofextended healthlength.” Sheaddedthatstudyingbatsmadescientistsabletolearnmoreabouttheprocesses “thatdrivehealthyaging.”TheEuropeanresearchersstudied493batsfromfourbatspecies.Thegroupusedinformationthathadbeengatheredovermorethan60years.Ofthesea

5、nimals,thegreatermouse-earedbatgenerallylivedthelongest,anaverageof37years.Thescientistssaidthisandarelatedspecies,whicharegroupedtogetherunderthenameMyotis,hadtelomeresthatdidnotshortenwithage.AnotherMyotisbatholdstherecordforoldestage,reaching41years.Thescientistsfindingssuggestthatthesebatscellsh

6、avetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.This,theysaid,helpsguardagainsttheagingprocess.Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.But,thesemammalshavebeenfoundtolivenearly10timeslongerthanthat.ThescientistsfoundthatEighteenofthesearebats.Theonlyexceptionisan

7、unusualAfricanrodent,thenakedmolerat.1.WhichsentencecanbeputattheendofParagraph3?A.Thismakesscientistsabletostudybats.B.Thatswhybatscanflyagreatdistance.C.Theysaythisiswhatcausesaging.D.Theydiscoverthecellsconnectedtohumans.2.Whydosomespeciesofbatsliveaverylongtime?A.Becausetheyhavealineoflong-livin

8、ggenesoutofthecells.B.Becausetheircellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.C.Becausetheyhaveanotherabilitytolivelongerwithoutanyfoodorwater.D.Becausetelomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomestostopcellsdividing.3.Theunderlinedword “that” refersto.A.fouryearsB.bodysizeC.theagingprocessD.theabilityt

9、orepair4.Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DifferencesBetweenLong-livingAnimalsB.AScienceReportonChromosomesC.DoBatsHoldtheSecrettoLongLife?D.AreHumansandBatsSimilarinProtectingThemselves?.xx紹興完形填空AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,mosto

10、fwhomcamefrom5families.Sheaskedthemtopletethe6 “Iwishmyteacherknew” andsharesomethingaboutthemselves.Their7answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudentsdifficulties. “IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework,” 8onechild. “Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned(簽名),becaus

11、emymomisnot9alot,” wroteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe10, “IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,” SchwartztellsABCNews. “Icare11abouteachofmystudentsandIdontwantthemtobepoorforever,” sheexplains. “Ihopedtoknow12Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI13toletthemtellmewhatIneed

12、edtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.”14thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously(匿名地),mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud,15oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely. “Aftershetoldtheclass, Idonthavefriendsto16me, Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo,”

13、 SchwartztellsUsWeekly. “However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered17.Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee,18haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy(同情).”“Theresultshavebeen19,” saysSchwartz. “Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.”5.A

14、.traditionalB.friendlyC.poorD.small6.A.postcardB.noteC.letterD.diary7.A.honestB.politeC.usualD.right8.A.suggestedB.copiedC.repeatedD.wrote9.A.freeB.carelessC.famousD.angry10.A.societyB.courseC.researchD.future11.A.secretlyB.deeplyC.nervouslyD.directly12.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when13.A.decidedB.refusedC.

15、forgotD.learned14.A.UnlessB.ThoughC.BecauseD.Once15.A.likeB.fromC.againstD.except16.A.lookforB.talkaboutC.dependonD.playwith17.A.himB.youC.herD.me18.A.childrenB.teachersC.parentsD.reporters19.A.boringB.surprisingC.worryingD.relaxing.xx鹽城改編語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Over2,000yearsago,inC

16、hina,therelivedaboycalledConfucius.Whenhewasonlythree,hisfather20.(die).Hismotherwasverypoor.Inthosedayspeoplehadtopaytogotoschoolandhismotherdidnothaveenoughmoney21.(send)him.AsConfuciusgrewuphewantedtolearnthings.Sohedecidedtoteach22.(him).Unfortunately,hewasastrange-lookingboy.Theotherchildrenpoi

17、ntedandmadefunofhim.Theycalledhimnamesandlaughed23.him.Confuciusgotveryupset,buthewasakind,gentleboyanddidnotfightback.Confuciusdidnotplaywithotherchildren.Hewentofftotalktoholymen(圣人)inthetempleandlearnedfromthem.Hetalkedtoartistsand24.(musician)andlearnedfromthem.Ifhetriedtodosomethingdifficult,he

18、kepttryingoverandoveragain25.helearnedhowtodoit.Inthiswaytheboytaughthimselftoreadandwriteandlearnedlotsofinterestingthings.Confuciusgrewuptobeaverycleverman.Whenhewasaman,Confuciusbecametherulerof26.cityofChangtu.Peoplewereveryhappy.Whenhewastheir27.(lead).Heusedhisabilitiesandskills28.awiseway.Peo

19、plesometimescallhimthe29.(great)manwhoeverlived.Westillremembermanyofhissayingstoday.單詞拼寫根據(jù)下列句子及所給的首字母,寫出各單詞的正確、完全形式。(每空限填一詞)30.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofparoundtheworld.31.Therearenearlyfourhstudentsinourschool.32.IfyouwanttobeeagoodMarathonathlete,youmustprunningeveryday.33.Thebesttimetobrush

20、yourteethisthreemaftermeals.34.Ilovetakingnaps.Beingabletorinthemiddleofthedayisgreat! 35.MissYangisourEnglishteacher.SheteachesuEnglishverywell.36.Dontforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyoultheclassroom.37.Healwaysasksustoftherules.Hesaystheyareimportantforeveryone.38.Tom,dontfwithyourclassmates.Youshould

21、befriendlytothem.39.NowyouknowMr.Yangisfriendlytous,butheisalsoswithus.書面表達(dá)假如你是Linda, 請你對你的筆友Alice發(fā)來的e-mail進(jìn)行回復(fù),詞數(shù)80左右。To:LindaFrom:AliceDearLinda,ImafraidIvegotabigproblemrecently.Mymothertalkstoomuchtome.Shealwaystellsme, “Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.”“Putonmoreclothes.”“Didyoudoagoodjobatscho

22、ol?” andsoon.Imannoyed(煩惱的).WhatshallIdo?Yours,AliceTo:AliceFrom:LindaDearAlice,Yours,Linda參考答案.主旨大意 本文是一篇科普說明文。文章講述了歐洲科學(xué)家研究了作為哺乳動物的蝙蝠壽命長的原因。同時列舉了幾種不同蝙蝠壽命長的原因。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容“Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.”可知,這個縮短的流程會引起細(xì)胞破損,會對壽命造成影響。故選C。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thescientistsf

23、indingssuggestthatthesebatscellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.”可知,這些蝙蝠長壽的原因是因為它們的細(xì)胞能保持和修復(fù)它們的端粒。故選B。3.A代詞指代題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.”可知,此處that指fouryears。故選A。4.C標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述的是科學(xué)家研究蝙蝠長壽的原因,C項符合文章主題。故選C。.主旨大意 本文是一篇記敘文,文章主要

24、講述了一位名叫KyleSchwartz的老師采取措施教育學(xué)生的故事。KyleSchwartz為了更好地掌握學(xué)生的情況,讓學(xué)生寫出自己想讓老師知道的事情,結(jié)果導(dǎo)致班風(fēng)出奇的好,這讓她非常驚喜。由此告訴我們:認(rèn)真聆聽別人的心聲,才能更好地了解他人。5.C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段中的“Idontwantthemtobepoorforever”可知,KyleSchwartz所教的班級里的大部分學(xué)生都來自貧困家庭。故選C。6.B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking”可知,KyleSchwartz讓每名學(xué)生寫一張便條。故選B。7.A考查形容詞

25、辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“gavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudentsdifficulties.”可知,學(xué)生們都實事求是地寫出了他們各自的心聲,即他們的回答很誠實。honest意為“誠實的”,符合語境。故選A。8.D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下句中的“wroteanother”可推知,“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework”是其中一個孩子在便條上寫的內(nèi)容。故選D。9.A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“sometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned”可推知,有時候媽媽之所以沒有在閱讀作

26、業(yè)上面簽名,是因為她沒有空。故選A。10.D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下句“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”可知,上大學(xué)是將來的事情,所以此處是在談?wù)摗皩ξ磥淼南Ｍ?。故選D。11.B考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“Idontwantthemtobepoorforever”及下句“IhopedtoknowIcouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz不想讓孩子們永遠(yuǎn)貧窮,所以她深深地關(guān)心著每一個孩子。故選B。12.C考查特殊疑問詞辨析。句意:我想知道自己怎樣才能更好地支持他們。how意為“如何”。故選C。13.A考

27、查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上句“Ihopedtoknow Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz正在尋找?guī)椭⒅С趾⒆觽內(nèi)蘸蟀l(fā)展的方法,所以她決定讓孩子們對她說出他們的種種困難。decidetodosth.意為“決定做某事”。故選A。14.B考查連詞辨析?！皐ereallowedtoansweranonymously”與“mostwantedtoincludenames”之間構(gòu)成了邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以本句應(yīng)是讓步狀語從句。though意為“雖然;盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故選B。15.A考查介詞辨析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“oneshygirlwhobravel

28、ysaidthatshewaslonely”在此是具體的例子,指這位靦腆的女孩是眾多情緒激動的孩子中的一員。like意為“像”,符合語境。故選A。16.D考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上句中的“shewaslonely”及下文中的“Theyinvitedhertoplay”可推知,這位靦腆的女孩平時很孤獨(dú),她沒有可以一起玩的朋友。故選D。17.C考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)下句“Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.”可推知,其他的孩子邀請這位靦腆的女孩和他們一起玩,說明“其他的孩子主動為她提供了許多支持”。此處指代的是shygirl,應(yīng)用her。故選

29、C。18.A考查名詞辨析。結(jié)合語境可知,孩子們樂于為他人提供幫助,他們擁有不同尋常的表達(dá)同情的能力。故選A。19.B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,班里的孩子開始相互提供幫助,他們學(xué)會了同情并幫助別人,這種變化出乎KyleSchwartz的意料,讓她感到很驚訝。故選B。.20.died21.tosend22.himself23.at24.musicians25.until26.the27.leader28.in29.greatest.30.people31.hundred32.practice33.minutes34.relax35.us36.leave37.follow38.fight3

30、9.strict.Onepossibleversion:DearAlice,Asateenager,Imetthesameproblemasyou.ButnowIcangetalongwithmymother.Herearesomeideasforyou.Yourmothertalksmuch,becauseshecaresaboutyou.Maybeitsnotagoodway,butitshowsyourmotherslove.SoIthinkyoushouldlistentoher.Ifyouropinionsaredifferentfromyourmothers,youcanmunicatewithher,andtellherwhatyourethinkingabout.Ifyourmotherdoesnttakeyouradvice,justkeepsilentandgiveherasmile.IhopewhatIsayherecanhelpyou.Yours,Linda