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1、第3節(jié)議論文題組訓(xùn)練一1話題：一分錢硬幣是否取消難度：建議用時：7分鐘Canadastoppedmakingpenniesin2012，andwithgoodreason.Coiningpenniesisamoney-losingbusiness，andpeopledontreallyneedthemanymore.ThesameistrueintheUnitedStates.Itcosts$1.43toproduce100pennies.Lastyear，makingpenniescosttaxpayersalmost$39million.Andforwhat？Thefederalgover

2、nmentmakesanddistributescoinstobenefitcommerce，butnotmuchcanbeboughtforlessthanfivecents.Thankstothemagicofinflation，whatcostapennyin1950requiresadimetoday.Ineffect，removingthepennymeansallretail(零售) priceswouldendinzeroorfive.Somepriceswouldrisebyafewpennies；somewouldberoundeddown.Pricesthatendin99

3、centsarecommon，andpennysupportershavearguedthatremovingpennieswouldamounttoaone-centsalestax.ButRobertWhaples，aneconomistatWakeForestUniversity，actuallyexaminedthisclaimbylookingatpricingdatafromachainofconveniencestores.Hereportedthatthesavingsfrompricesroundeddownwouldroughlyoffsetthecostofpricesr

4、oundedup.Indeed，consumersmightactuallybenefit.YetAmericansliketheshinycoppers(銅幣).Ina2014poll,71percentofrespondentssaidtheydidpickuppennies.And43percentsaidtheywouldbe“disappointed”or“angry”ifthegovernmentstoppedmakingthembecauseAbrahamLincolnisonthefront.MrPresident，however，doesnotnumberamongthese

5、ntimentalists.Hesaidin2017hesawnoreasontomakepennies.“ItsoneofthosethingswhereIthinkpeoplegetattachedemotionallytothewaythingshavebeen，”hesaid.Healsoofferedwhatisprobablythebestexplanationforthecontinuedproductionofpennies：Congressstrugglestoaccomplisheventhemostobvioustasks.Thepenny，MrPresidentsaid

6、，is“agoodmetaphor(隱喻) forsomeofthelargerproblemsthatwevegot”.Thegovernment，hesaid，hasapoortrackrecordof“gettingridofthingsthatdontworksothatwecantheninvestinthethingsthatdo”.語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。既然一分錢硬幣幾乎沒有實用價值，那為什么不取消呢？文章探討了其中的幾個原因。1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.AmericawillfollowCanadatoremovethep

7、enny.B.MakingpenniesisfarfromunprofitableinAmerica.C.Americaseemstobelosingthenecessitytomakepennies.D.Thenegativeimpactofpenniesisoutweighingthepositiveone.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Coiningpennies.peopledontreallyneedthemanymore.ThesameistrueintheUnitedStates.million”可知，和在加拿大一樣，在美國鑄造一分錢硬幣是一件賠錢的事情，并且人

8、們已經(jīng)不再需要它了。每鑄造100個一分錢硬幣，就要耗費(fèi)1.43美元。去年，鑄造一分錢硬幣花費(fèi)了納稅人近3900萬美元。這都說明，對美國而言，鑄造這種硬幣似乎沒有必要了。故選C。2.Whydosomepeopledefendthepenny?A.Toreducethesalestax.B.Toexpresstheirloveofcoppers.C.ToshowtheirrespectforLincoln.D.Tomaintainthebenefitsofconsumers.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Pricesthatend.pennysupportershavearguedthat

9、removingpennieswouldamounttoaone-centsalestax.”和“Indeed，consumersmightactuallybenefit.”可知，支持使用一分錢硬幣的人士認(rèn)為取消一分錢硬幣會損害消費(fèi)者的利益，也就是說他們維護(hù)一分錢硬幣的目的是維護(hù)消費(fèi)者的利益。故選D。3.WhatisMrPresidentsattitudetowardmakingpennies?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Defensive.D.Objective.答案A解析觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后兩段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“hesawnoreasontomakepennies”“ag

10、oodmetaphor(隱喻) forsomeofthelargerproblemsthatwevegot”“hasapoortrackrecordofgettingridofthingsthatdontworksothatwecantheninvestinthethingsthatdo”可知，總統(tǒng)先生曾表示，他覺得沒有理由再鑄造一分錢硬幣了。他還覺得一分錢硬幣是“一個很好的隱喻，象征著我們存在的一些更大的問題”，而且在“去除已經(jīng)沒有用的東西，以便我們在可行的東西上進(jìn)行投入”方面，政府做得很差。由此可推知，總統(tǒng)先生對鑄造一分錢硬幣持消極態(tài)度。故選A。2話題：薯片分量減少難度：建議用時：7分鐘T

11、hisisgoingtoruffleafewfeathers(激怒).PepsiCopurposelypacksfewerchipsintoitsflavoredchipbags，HughJohnston，thecompanysCFO，toldtheAssociatedPress.“Theremightbeanounceortwolessinthosebags，”Johnstonsaid.Actually，itshalfanounceless.RegularLaysaresoldin10-ouncebags；flavoredLaysaresoldin9.5-ouncebags；andbotha

12、resoldforthesame$4.29price.Thatmightnotsoundlikealot，butitwillsoundlikealotwithabitofsimplemath.Americansbuysome$1.6billionworthofLayspotatochipseveryyear.Muchofthatissoldinbulkormerelyinbagsbiggerthanthestandardonesmentionedabove.Butletsassumeforasecondthatthose10-ouncebagsaretheonlyonesLayssells.T

13、hatwouldmeanthecompanysellsmorethan372millionbagsofLaysintheU.S.eachyearor3.72billionouncesofchips，atabout43centsperounce.Itwouldalsomeanthatthathalf-ouncedifferenceisworthabout21.5centsperbag，andabout$80millionintotalperyear.Thatnumberislikelyagooddeallower，butitsnotentirelyunreasonable.IfLaysischa

14、rginganextrapaymentforthesmallerflavoredchipbags，itslikelydoingthesameforthebiggerones，too.Thattinyhalf-ouncedifferencemightonlymeanapotatochiportwotoyou，butitsprobablyworthtensofmillionsofdollarstoPepsiCoannually.PepsiCoconfirmedthatflavoredandunflavoredLayschipsaresoldforthesameprice，butnotinthesa

15、mequantity.“Thisallowsustokeepthesamepricepointacrossthebrand，”JeffDahnckesaidinane-mail.Healsosuggestedthatthechipdifferencehasnothingtodowithextraprofit.“Thereasonwhythereisaslightlyhigherpriceperounceforflavoredchipsistheaddedseasonings(調(diào)味品)，”hesaid.Butthatdoesntappeartobethecase.Someofthemark-up

16、saresimplymeanttomakeupfortheaddedinputcostsofcheese，barbecue，sourcreamandonion，andotherflavorings.Butsomeofthemarealsothere (ornotthere) toincreasethepotatochipmakersprofits.PepsiCohasasoftspotforitsspecialtypotatochips，becauseitsspecialtypotatochipsaremoreprofitablethanitsregularones，accordingtoJo

17、hnston.PerhapsthatswhyLaysisgettingreadytolaunchamassofnewspecialtypotatochipflavors.ThelaunchispartofPepsiCosannual“DoUsaFlavor”contest，inwhichitletscustomersparticipateintheflavorcreationprocess.語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。百事對單包風(fēng)味薯片偷偷減少分量，其辯解說是為了彌補(bǔ)原料上的額外費(fèi)用，但作者認(rèn)為并不是那樣，其實就是為了提高利潤。4.WhatdidPepsiCodotoarousepublicdi

18、ssatisfaction?A.Theyraisedthepriceoftheirflavoredchips.B.Theygaveshortweighttotheirflavoredchips.C.Theychangedtheflavorsoftheirpotatochips.D.Theyputmoreseasoningsintotheirpotatochips.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容及第二段中的“PepsiCopurposelypacksfewerchipsintoitsflavoredchipbags”可知，百事在單包風(fēng)味薯片上減少分量，這導(dǎo)致爭議。giveshortwei

19、ght是固定用法，意為“缺斤少兩”。故選B。5.HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A.Bylistingfigures.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byanalyzingcauses.D.Bymakingcomparisons.答案A解析寫作手法題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是其中的“some$1.6billion”“10-ouncebags”“morethan372millionbags”“3.72billionouncesofchips，atabout43centsperounce”“about21.5centsperbag”“about$80mill

20、ion”可知，作者主要是通過列數(shù)據(jù)的方式來陳述第三段的內(nèi)容。故選A。6.WhydoLaysflavoredchipschargemoreperounceaccordingtoJeffDahncke?A.Tomakemoreprofits.B.Toupgradetheirproducts.C.Tobalanceadditionalcosts.D.Tosatisfymorepeoplestaste.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Thereasonwhythereisaslightlyhigherpriceperounceforflavoredchipsistheaddedseasoning

21、s(調(diào)味品)”，并結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“tomakeupfortheaddedinputcosts”可知，據(jù)JeffDahncke所言，風(fēng)味薯片每盎司要價提高是因為添加了調(diào)味品，而百事不足量地包裝其薯片是為了彌補(bǔ)由此造成的額外費(fèi)用。故選C。7.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“hasasoftspotfor”inthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Hasasayin.B.Hasalookat.C.Hasaccessto.D.Hasaffectionfor.答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“becauseitsspecialtypotato

22、chipsaremoreprofitablethanitsregularones”及最后一段第一句“PerhapsthatswhyLaysisgettingreadytolaunchamassofnewspecialtypotatochipflavors.”可知，百事公司賣特色薯片比賣普通薯片更賺錢，而且他們亦準(zhǔn)備推出一大批新的特色薯片口味，并舉行比賽讓顧客參與其創(chuàng)造過程。由此可推知，百事公司對自己的特色薯片應(yīng)是情有獨(dú)鐘的，畫線短語hasasoftspotfor應(yīng)是“喜歡某人(或某物)”之意。故選D。3話題：關(guān)于意志力的研究難度：建議用時：7分鐘(2019江西師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)三模) Alarg

23、ebodyofresearchhasbeendevelopedinrecentyearstoexplainmanyaspectsofwillpower.Mostoftheresearchersexploringself-controldosowithanobviousgoalinmind：Howcanwillpowerbestrengthened？Ifwillpoweristrulyalimitedresource，astheresearchsuggests，whatcanbedonetomakeitstaystrong?Avoidingtemptation(誘惑) isaneffective

24、methodformaintainingself-control，whichiscalledthe“outofsight，outofmind”principle.Onerecentstudy，forinstance，foundofficeworkerslessattractedtocandyinthedeskdrawerthanthatontopoftheirdesks，inplainsight.Theresearchsuggestingthatwepossessalimitedreservoirofself-controlraisesatroublingquestion.Whenweface

25、toomanytemptations，arewetofail? Notnecessarily.Researchersdontbelievethatoneswillpowerisevercompletelyexhausted.Rather，peopleappeartoholdsomewillpowerinreserve，savedforfuturedemands.Therightmotivationallowsustotapintothosereserves，allowingustocarryonevenwhenourself-controlstrengthhasbeenrundown.High

26、motivationmighthelpovercomeweakenedwillpoweratleasttoapoint.Willpowermayalsobemadelessvulnerable(脆弱)tobeingexhaustedinthefirstplace.Researcherswhostudyself-controloftendescribeitasbeinglikeamusclethatgetstiredwithheavyuse.Butthereisanotheraspecttothemusclecomparison，theysay.Whilemusclesbecomeexhaust

27、edbyexerciseintheshortterm，theyarestrengthenedbyregularexerciseinthelongterm.Similarly，regularpracticesofself-controlmayimprovewillpowerstrength.Theevidencefromwillpower-exhaustionstudiesalsosuggeststhatmakingalistofresolutionsonNewYearsEveistheworstpossibleapproach.Beingexhaustedinoneareacanreducew

28、illpowerinotherareas，soitmakesmoresensetofocusonasinglegoalatatime.Inotherwords，donttrytoquitsmoking，adoptahealthydietandstartanewexerciseplanatthesametime.Takinggoalsonebyoneisabetterapproach.Onceagoodhabitisinplace，Baumeistersays，youllnolongerneedtodrawonyourwillpowertomaintainthebehavior.Eventual

29、lyhealthyhabitswillbecomeroutine，andwontrequiremakingdecisionsatall.語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。短文列舉了關(guān)于意志力的幾種研究和觀點，作者認(rèn)為有了明確的目標(biāo)，良好的自我監(jiān)督和練習(xí)，就可以在面對誘惑時使意志力保持堅定。8.Fromthestudiesinthepassagewelearnthat.A.peoplehaveunlimitedself-controlB.highmotivationensuresonessuccessC.willpowerishardlycompletelyexhaustedD.toomanytempta

30、tionsoftenleadtofailure答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四、五句可知，研究人員不相信人的意志力會完全耗盡，他們還有備用的和為將來需求節(jié)省的意志力。所以從文章中的研究我們了解到意志力很難完全耗盡。故C選項正確。9.Theunderlinedphrase“tapinto”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“”.A.makeuseofB.runoutofC.buildD.increase答案A解析詞義猜測題。由第三段“Therightmotivationallowsustotapintothosereserves，allowingustocarryon

31、evenwhenourself-controlstrengthhasbeenrundown.”可知，正確的動機(jī)使我們能夠利用這些儲備，即使我們的自我控制能力已經(jīng)被削弱，我們?nèi)匀豢梢岳^續(xù)前進(jìn)。所以通過上下文的語境，判斷出“tapinto”指“利用”，與makeuseof同義。故A選項正確。10.Theauthorcomparesself-controltomuscles.A.toprovethelong-termeffectofwillpowerB.toshowthesignificanceofregularexerciseC.toarguethatself-controlcanheeasily

32、usedupD.toexplainthebenefitsofpracticingself-control答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句的內(nèi)容“雖然肌肉在短期內(nèi)會因運(yùn)動而疲憊不堪，但長期而言，它們會通過經(jīng)常鍛煉而增強(qiáng)。同樣，規(guī)律的自我控制可以提高意志力。”可知，兩者相比是為了說明同一個道理：長期的鍛煉和自我控制的好處。所以作者把自我控制比作肌肉是為了解釋自我控制的好處。故D選項正確。11.Todevelopagoodhabit，whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprefer?A.“Iwillgiveupdessertanddoexercise.”B.“Iw

33、illsetthreegoalsthisnewsemester.”C.“IwillreadanEnglishnoveleverymonth.”D.“Iwillkeepmyselffromanytemptation.”答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后三句的內(nèi)容“一個接一個地制定目標(biāo)是一個更好的方法。一旦養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣，你就不再需要依靠意志力來維持自己的行為。最終健康的習(xí)慣將成為慣例，而且不需要做任何決定?！笨芍?，C項“IwillreadanEnglishnoveleverymonth.”是先設(shè)立目標(biāo)，然后成為好習(xí)慣，作者更喜歡這種目標(biāo)。故C選項正確。題組訓(xùn)練二1話題：溫室氣體難度：建議用時：7

34、分鐘Thesedayseveryoneisworriedaboutthesizeoftheircarbonfootprint.Inordertoreduceglobalwarming，weneedtomakeourcarbonfootprintssmaller.ButhowmuchCO2areweresponsiblefor?AnewbookbyMikeBerners-Lee (aleadingexpertincarbonfootprint) mightbeabletohelp.TheCarbonFootprintofEverythinglooksatthedifferentthingswed

35、oandbuy，andcalculatestheamountofCO2theyproduce，includingtheingredients，theelectricity，theequipment，thetransportandthepackaging.Anditsfrighteninghowmuchcarbondioxideeverythingproduces.Butallofthiscanhelpusdecidewhichbeertodrink.FromBerners-Leescalculations，itsclearthatapint (568ml) oflocally-brewed(釀

36、制的) beerhasasmallercarbonfootprintthanabottleofimportedbeer.Thisisbecausetheimportedbeerhasbeentransportedfromfaraway，anditusesmorepackaging.Thelocalbeeronlyproduces300gofCO2，buttheimportedbeerproduces900g! So，onepintoflocalbeerisbetterfortheenvironmentthanthreecansofcheapforeignbeerfromthesupermark

37、et.Berners-Leehasevencalculatedthecarbonfootprintofcyclingtowork.Nothingismoreenvironmentally-friendlythanridingabike，surely? Well，itdependsonwhatyouvehadtoeatbefore.Torideabikeweneedenergyandforenergyweneedfood.So，ifweeatabananaandthenrideakilometerandahalf，ourfootprintis65gofCO2.However，ifweeatbac

38、onbeforethebikeride，its200g.Infact，bananasaregoodingeneralbecausetheydontneedpackaging.Theycanbetransportedbyboatandtheygrowinnaturalsunlight.So，doesthismeanthatcyclingisbadfortheenvironment? Absolutelynot.Ifyoucycle，youdontuseyourcar；andthefewercarsontheroad，thefewertrafficjams.Andcarsintrafficjams

39、producethreetimesmoreCO2thancarstravellingatspeed.Cyclingalsomakesyouhealthyandlesslikelytogotoahospital.Andhospitalshaveverybigcarbonfootprints!So，maybeitstimeforusalltostartmakingsomechanges.Passmeabananaandapintoflocalbeer，please.語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。文章作者鼓勵大家采取行動，減少溫室氣體的排放，并說明了一些具體的做法。1.Whichofthefollowin

40、gsproducesthesmallestcarbonfootprints?A.Apintoflocalbeer.B.Abottleofimportedbeer.C.Abananabeforea1.5kmbikeride.D.Baconbeforea1.5kmbikeride.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thelocalbeeronlyproduces300gofCO2，buttheimportedbeerproduces900g！”和第四段中的“So，ifweeatabananaandthenrideakilometerandahalf，ourfootprintis65gofCO2

41、.However，ifweeatbaconbeforethebikeride，its200g.”可知，吃一根香蕉然后騎1.5公里自行車產(chǎn)生的碳足跡最小，故選C。2.Accordingtothearticle，theauthorsuggestschoosingthelocalfoodbecauseitis.A.moretastyB.easiertobuyC.betterpackagedD.moreenergy-saving答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thisisbecausetheimportedbeerhasbeentransportedfromfaraway，anditusesmo

42、repackaging.Thelocalbeeronlyproduces300gofCO2，buttheimportedbeerproduces900g! So，onepintoflocalbeerisbetterfortheenvironmentthanthreecansofcheapforeignbeerfromthesupermarket.”可推斷出，作者建議選擇當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?，因為它更?jié)能，故選D。3.Thepurposeofwritingthisarticleisto.A.promoteanewbookB.advertisetheimportedbeerC.instructhowtome

43、asurethecarbonfootprintD.encouragepeopletoreducetheproductionofCO2答案D解析寫作意圖題。通讀全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，文章是鼓勵大家采取行動，減少溫室氣體的排放的，故選D。2話題：暑假難度：建議用時：8分鐘YoureturnfromworkonanAugustevening.YourunwashedteenagesonisonthesofawatchingTV，ashehasbeendoingforthepasteighthours.Yourdaughter，gluedtotheiPad，acknowledgesyourpre

44、sencewithagrunt(咕噥).Notforthefirsttime，youaskyourself：Whyareschoolsummerholidayssoinsufferablylong?Thisisamoreseriousquestionthanitsounds.Manychildrenwillreturnfromthelongbreakhavingforgottenmuchofwhattheyweretaughtthepreviousyear.Onestudyfoundthatthis“summerlearningloss”couldbeashighasaquarterofthe

45、yearseducation.Poorchildrentendtobetheworstaffected，sincerichonestypicallyliveinhomesfullofbooksandarepackedofftosummercamptolearnrobotics，Latinorpiano.AstudyfromBatimorefoundthatvariations(差別) insummerlossmightpossiblyaccountfortwo-thirdsoftheachievementgapbetweenrichandpoorchildrenbytheageof1415.L

46、ongholidayssurelystrainthebudgetsofpoorfamilies，sincefreeschoolmealsstopandextrachildcarekicksin.Moretimeinschoolneednotmeanrepeatingthesameoldlessons.Someextrapracticewouldbebeneficial，particularlyforthosefallingbehind.Butthesummercouldalsobeatimefordifferentkindsoflearning：criticalthinking，practic

47、alskills，internship(實習(xí))schoolsshouldbefreetoexperiment.Spaceshouldnotbeaproblem.Manyschoolbuildingssitvacantinthesummer.Well-offchildrenoftenalreadyusethesummertobroadentheirmindsandpolishtheircollegeapplicationsapricycampsordoingsummerjobsfoundthroughconnections.Schoolsshouldhelptherestcatchup.Othe

48、rpublicservicesdonotsimplydisappearforaquarteroftheyear.Itwouldbeunthinkableforhospitalsorthepolicetodoso.Sowhydoschoolsgetawaywithit?語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了放暑假給學(xué)生帶來的一些問題，并呼吁學(xué)校在暑假期間為學(xué)生們提供一些額外的學(xué)習(xí)項目。4.Paragraph2mainlydiscussesthedifferentinfluenceofonchildrens“summerlearningloss”.A.financeB.intelligenceC.c

49、ultureD.activities答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要講述家境好的孩子在暑假期間可以學(xué)習(xí)拉丁舞、鋼琴或者參加夏令營，而家境貧窮的孩子則無法通過暑期學(xué)習(xí)增長知識、開闊眼界；再結(jié)合該段最后一句中的“Longholidayssurelystrainthebudgetsofpourfamilies”可推知，本段主要論述了家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的不同給孩子們的暑假生活帶來的不同影響。故選A。5.Whatcouldschoolsdoduringsummerholidays?A.Reviewingpreviouslessons.B.Offeringvariousinternship.C

50、.Providingextralearning.D.Tutoringpoorstudents.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句中的“Someextrapracticewouldbebeneficial”和“atimefordifferentkindsoflearning”可知，學(xué)校可以在暑假期間給學(xué)生提供一些額外的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會。故選C。6.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioning“hospitalsandthepolice”inthelastparagraph?A.Hospitalsandthepolicedeservepraisefortheirserv

51、ice.B.Schoolsshouldremaininserviceduringsummerholidays.C.Childrencouldtakeadvantageofpublicserviceforsummerjobs.D.Somefunctionsofhospitalsandthepolicecouldbeservedinschools.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后三句可知，其他公共服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)不會每年消失一個季度，而是全年開放。如果醫(yī)院和警察局每年也有一個季度不開放的話，那簡直無法想象，所以為什么學(xué)?？梢允莻€例外呢？由此可推知，作者舉醫(yī)院和警察局的例子是建議學(xué)校在暑假期間也應(yīng)該開

52、放。故選B。3話題：購物難度：建議用時：8分鐘Abargainissomethingofferedatalowandadvantageousprice.Amorerecentdefinitionis：abargainisadirtytricktoforcemoneyoutofthepocketsofsillyandinnocentpeople.Thecostofproducinganewforexampletoothpastewouldmake80ptheproperpriceforit，sowewillmarketitat1.20.Itisnotabadtoothpaste，andaspeo

53、pleliketotrynewthingsitwillsellwelltostartwith；buttheattractionofnovelty(新奇) soonfades，sosaleswillfall.Whenthathappenswewillreducethepriceto1.15.Andwewillturnitintoabargainbyprinting5pOFFalloverit.Sometimesitisnot5pOFFbut1pOFF.Whatbreathtakingrudenesstoadvertise1pOFFyoursoaporwashingpowderorwhatever

54、！Eventhepoorestold-agepensioner(領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金者) oughttoregardthisasaninsult(侮辱)，buthedoesnt.Abargainmustnotbemissed.Peoplesayonehastohavewashingpowder(orwhatever) andonemightaswellbuyitapennycheaper.Therealdangerstartswhenunnecessarythingsbecome“bargains”.Manypeoplejustcannotresistbargains.Providedtheythinkt

55、heyaregettingabargaintheywillbuyclothestheywillneverwearorfurnituretheyhavenospacefor.OnceIheardofamanwhoboughtanelectricsawasabargainandcutofftwoofhisfingersthenextday.Buthehadnoregrets：thesawhadbeentrulycheap.Quiteafewpeopleactuallybelievethattheymakemoneyonsuchbargains.Aladyoncetoldme：“Ivehadaluc

56、kydaytoday.Iboughtadressfor120，reducedfrom400；andIboughtabeautifulPersiancarpetfor600，reducedfrom900.”Itwillneveroccurtoherthatshehasactuallywasted720.Shefeelsasthoughshehadmade580.Shealsofeels，Iamsure，thatifshehadmoretimeforshopping，shecouldmakealivingoutofit.Somepeoplebuyinlargequantitiesbecauseit

57、ischeaper.Onceacoupleboughtenoughsugarfortheirlifetimeandthelifetimeoftheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Theythoughtitabargainnottobemissed.Whenthesugararrivedtheydidntknowwheretostoreituntiltheyrealizedthattheirtoiletwasaveryspacious(寬敞的) one.Sothatwaswheretheypileduptheirsugar.Notonlydidtheirguestsfeel

58、ratherstrangewhenevertheywereofferedsugartoputintotheircoffee，butthetoiletbecameextremelysticky(粘性的).Toofferbargainsisacommercialtricktomakethepoorpoorer.Whengreedyfoolsfallforthistrick，itservesthemright.語篇解讀這是一篇議論文，講述人們購物時盲目追求折扣卻有可能造成不理性消費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象。7.Whichwordbestdescribesthelanguagestyleofthepassage?A.P

59、olite.B.Foolish.C.Humorous.D.Serious.答案C解析推理判斷題。通過全文給出的幾個例子，如第四段買電鋸結(jié)果把自己的手指鋸了，倒數(shù)第二段的買了太多的糖結(jié)果放衛(wèi)生間了等都能看出這是一種幽默的手法，故選C。8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmean?A.Abargainisworthmuch.B.Thepoorlikebargains.C.Abargainisnotworthbuying.D.Onlyafoolbuysabargain.答案C解析句意理解題。根據(jù)文章全文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合文章第一句話可知，本文主

60、要告訴讀者，購買便宜貨要慎重，因為可能有陷阱，容易上當(dāng)，所以得出結(jié)論，便宜貨不值得買。故C項符合語境。9.FromParagraph5，weknowthatthelady.A.wastoofoolishtobuythosebargainsthatwereuselessB.focusedtoomuchattentiononthediscountinsteadofherneedC.wantedtomakealivingbysellingclothesD.actuallywasted580tobuythedressoflowquality答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，這位女士只覺得自己好像從

61、打折中“賺”了580英鎊，而根本沒有想到自己其實可能是浪費(fèi)了720英鎊，因為買回來的這些便宜貨未必會用得著。由此可知B項符合語境。10.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Bargainsarethingspeopledontreallyneed.B.Bargainsareoftenrealcheapproducts.C.Bargainshelppeoplemakealiving.D.Bargainsplaytricksonpeople.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章，大甩賣不一定買到的都是需要的東西。故A選項絕對化了。由文章可知，大甩

62、賣往往是某種刺激消費(fèi)，如文中提到的買衣服和地毯的女性，買糖的夫婦，及最后一段第一句中的關(guān)鍵詞commercialtrick判斷便宜銷售就是商家玩的把戲，人們可能會因為盲目追求折扣而不理性消費(fèi)，故B、C兩項均可排除。故選D。題組訓(xùn)練三1話題：詞源研究難度：建議用時：7分鐘Etymology，thestudyofwordsandwordroots，maysoundlikethekindofthingdonebyboringlibrariansinsmall，dustyrooms.Yetetymologistsactuallyhaveauniquelyinterestingjob.Theyarein

63、manywaysjustlikearchaeologists(考古學(xué)家) diggingupthephysicalhistoryofpeopleandevents.Thespecialaspectofetymologyisthatitdigsuphistory，sotospeak，throughthewordsandphrasesthatareleftbehind.TheEnglishlanguage，inparticular，isagreatfieldtoexplorehistorythroughwords.Asalanguage，Englishhasanextraordinarynumbe

64、rofwords.Thisispartlyduetoitsabilitytoadaptforeignwordssoreadily.Forexample，“English”wordssuchaskindergarten(fromGerman)，croissant(fromFrench)，andcheetah(fromHindi) havebecomepartofthelanguagewithlittleornochangefromtheiroriginalsoundsandspellings.SoEnglish-languageetymologistshaveavastworldofwordstoexplore.Anotherenjoyablethingaboutetymologyformostwordexpertsissolvingwordmysteries(謎).No，etymologistsdonotgoaroundsolvingmurders，likethegreatdetectiveSherlockHolmes.Whatthesewordexpertssolveare