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1、Unit 2Poems李仕才【短文語法填空】World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March.It 1. (start) by the LitWorld.org in 2010 and has now reached 65 countries. The aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book.Its website asks everyone 2. (celebr

2、ate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud.It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write 3. (belong) to all people. The website asks 4. (visit) to join in the movement to reduce 5. number of illiterate (不識字的) people in the world.It is 6.

3、(absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read.The website says, “Its time to start by reading aloud to 7. might like it.Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, and listen patiently 8. someone elses story as they share with you.”The United N

4、ations says，“Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge, 9. to participate fully in society.”In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a 10. (different)【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了World Read Aloud Day(世界朗讀日)。1was started解析：考查動詞的時

5、態(tài)和語態(tài)。World Read Aloud Day在2010年由LitWorld.org發(fā)起。根據(jù)語境可知，此處需要用start的被動形式，又因時間狀語是“in 2010”，故用一般過去時。2to celebrate解析：考查動詞不定式。ask sb.to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，網(wǎng)站要求每個人通過拿本書、找到一位聽眾、大聲閱讀的方式來慶祝這個節(jié)日。3belongs解析：考查主謂一致。這正是采取行動向世界表明閱讀和寫作的權(quán)利屬于所有的人。根據(jù)句子成分可知，從句的主語為 the right，故填belongs。4visitors解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語境可知，網(wǎng)站讓游客來參加活動，游

6、客不止一個，且空前沒有冠詞修飾，故填visitors。5the解析：考查冠詞。the number of.是固定搭配，表示“的數(shù)量”。6absolutely解析：考查副詞。幫助那些不能閱讀的人是完全有必要的。7whoever解析：考查賓語從句。是開始為任何可能喜歡的人大聲朗讀的時候了。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中作主語。8to 解析：考查介詞。當(dāng)他們與你分享時，你要耐心地傾聽某人的故事。listen to是固定搭配。9and 解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境和句子成分可知，前后表示并列關(guān)系。10difference解析：考查名詞。make a difference“有作用”，根據(jù)空前的冠詞可知

7、，此處應(yīng)用所給詞的名詞形式。(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P139)convey vt.傳達；表達；運送；傳播convey ones feelings/meanings 表達某人的感情/意思convey sth.to sb.向某人表達/傳遞某物convey sb./sth.from.to.把某人/某物從運送到(教材原句)Others try to convey certain emotions.有些詩則是為了傳達某種感情。I found it hard _to convey_ (convey) my feelings in words.我覺得難以用言語表達我的感情。The premier _conveyed_

8、 (convey) his sorrow to the dead and ordered the necessities should _be conveyed_ (convey) immediately to the earthquakehit areas.總理表達了對死者的哀悼，并命令立即把必需品運送到地震災(zāi)區(qū)。transform vi.& vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換(1)transform.into.使變成transform into 轉(zhuǎn)化成；改造為be transformed from.into.由變成；由遷到(2)transformation n(外觀或性質(zhì)的)改變、變革make

9、a/the transformation 轉(zhuǎn)變，改變(教材原句)Never looking back，Transformed into stone.化為石，不回頭。We are living in a time of social _transformation_ (transform)我們生活在一個社會變革的時代。Hard work _transformed_ (transform) her completely into an ordinary housewife.艱辛勞動徹底把她變成了一個普通家庭婦女。exchange n交換；交流；互換vi.&vt.調(diào)換；交換(1)make an ex

10、change 交換in exchange(for.)作為交換()(2)exchange sth.for sth.以某物交換某物exchange sth.with sb.和某人互換某物(3)exchange experience 交流經(jīng)驗exchange greetings 互相問候(教材原句)If there had not been an exchange programme，he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad.如果以前沒有交換學(xué)生的項目，他就不會找到資助人贊助他出國。He exchanged an apple

11、 _for_ an orange.他用一個蘋果換了一個橘子。They have offered to release the reporters，but what do they want _in_ exchange?他們提出可以釋放記者，但他們想要什么作為交換？load n負(fù)擔(dān)，負(fù)荷物(尤指沉重的)v裝載，加重，把彈藥裝入(槍炮)(1)a load of/loads of 大量，許多take a load off ones mind 打消某人的顧慮(2)load sb./sth.with sth.用裝載load sb./sth.into/onto sth.把裝入(到)(3)be loaded

12、 with 裝滿，充滿(教材原句)Slowly the old man carries his load.慢慢地老人挑起(沉重的)擔(dān)子。Standing on the bank，the children watched the ship _loaded_ (load) with all kinds of goods.孩子們站在岸邊看著滿載各種貨物的輪船。It is a heavy load for the single woman to support a family of three.So she has to do _loads_ (load) of things，_loading_ (

13、load) and unloading trucks and so on.Luckily her two daughters have found jobs，which has taken a load _off_ her mind.對于一個單身女人，養(yǎng)活一個三口之家是一個沉重負(fù)擔(dān)。因此她不得不干很多事，裝卸貨車等。幸運的是她的兩個女兒已找到了工作，這使她如釋重負(fù)?！酒哌x五】In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.Steve Graham，a lite

14、racy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years._1_ He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.”Ni

15、nety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting._2_Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting._3_ Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.Many adults remember

16、 learning that wayby copying letters over and over again._4_ Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas._5_Teachers commonly report that about onefourth of their students has poor handwriting.

17、Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition(識別) programs.AAfter all，that is why we write.BNowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students writing.CSo is it still being taught?DBut who cares if people know how to write well?E

18、But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it.FTodays thinking is that short periods of practices are better.GHe says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了在電腦時代，學(xué)校教授書法的現(xiàn)狀研究?！倦y句分析】Professor Graham says one study published this ye

19、ar found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不作句子成分；published是過去分詞，作后置定語，修飾one study。譯文：Graham教授說今年發(fā)布的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大約3/4的老師說他們不準(zhǔn)備教書法。1C根據(jù)下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”可知，空處

20、應(yīng)表示對是否要教學(xué)生書法的疑問，故C項符合語境。2E根據(jù)上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”及空前一句可知，此處表示對研究結(jié)果的進一步分析，故E項符合語境。3G根據(jù)下文中的“Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day”可知，此處表示一些老師教授書法的時間，所以G項符合語境。4

21、F根據(jù)語境可知，空處與上文的“Many adults remember learning that wayby copying letters over and over again”形成對比，并與下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself”呼應(yīng)，此處講述的是學(xué)書法的方法的今昔差異，故F項符合語境。5A根據(jù)語境可知，空處承接上文中的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas

22、”，此處表示表達想法正是我們練習(xí)書法的原因，所以A項符合語境。take it easy 輕松；不緊張；從容take ones time 不匆忙，不著急，慢慢來take.for granted 認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然take.for example 以為榜樣/例take.as.把當(dāng)作take.for.把誤認(rèn)為take things easy 別緊張，慢慢來take ones chances 碰運氣(教材原句)We would have won.if we hadnt taken it easy，.我們本來會奪冠，如果我們沒有放松警惕，Theres no need to rush backjust take

23、 _your_ time.不要急著趕回來慢慢來吧。Some of us always take _it_ for granted that our parents or grandparents should take care of us.我們中的有些人理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為父母或者祖父母應(yīng)該照顧我們。run out of 用盡，用完(1)run out 用完，耗盡；到期，期滿；使跑得筋疲力盡run across 偶然遇見(或看到)run after 追逐；追求run away 逃走；離家出走run into 陷入；偶遇；撞上；遇到(困難等)(2)in the long/short run 從長遠(yuǎn)/

24、短期來看(教材原句)We would have won.if we hadnt run out of energy.我們本來能贏的，如果我們不是沒有力氣了。We _are running_ (run) out of our money.Our money _is running_ (run)out.我們的錢快花光了。Worse luck！First，food and drinking water _had been used_ (use) up before we reached the destination.Then，my husband was speeding up the car w

25、hen it suddenly broke down.It turned out that the gas _had run_ (run) out.So we had to walk ahead along the road until my strength _gave_ (give) out.We finally made our way to a small hotel but to our despair，we found we _had run_ (run) out of our money.真倒霉！首先，食物和飲用水在我們到達目的地以前已被用完。然后，我丈夫正開著車加速前進車突然熄

26、火了。結(jié)果是汽油用完了。因此我們不得不步行直到力氣耗盡。我們終于走到一個小旅館但可怕的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)錢已花光。run out of/run out/give out/use uprun out of意為“用完了”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人。多用于完成時和進行時，一般不用于被動語態(tài)run out意為“用完了”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞give out意為“用盡，精疲力竭”，為不及物動詞短語use up意為“用完，耗盡”，為及物動詞短語be made up of由構(gòu)成；由組成(1)由組成(2)make up 彌補；和解；編造；整理；化妝make up f

27、or 補償make up a story 編故事make up a team 湊足一個球隊make up for lost time 彌補丟失的時間(3)be made from 由制成(看不出原料)be made of 由制成(看得出原料)be made into 把做成(教材原句)Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain，a poem made up of five lines.另一種學(xué)生容易寫的詩歌形式是五行詩，一首詩由5行構(gòu)成。Our class _is made_ (make)

28、 up of 60 students，of whom two fifths are girls.60 students make _up_ our class，of whom two fifths are girls.Our class _consists_ (consist) of 60 students，of whom two fifths are girls.我們班由60名學(xué)生組成，五分之二的是女生。單句語法填空(2017全國卷)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up _for_ that something mi

29、ssing.let out 發(fā)出(聲音)；泄露(秘密)；把(人)從中放出；釋放；放寬(衣服)；出租let alone 更不用說let sb./sth.alone 不管，不干涉；置之不理let sb.be 不干涉某人；不打擾某人let down 放下，放低；(使人)失望let on(to sb.) 泄露(給某人)let sth.out 泄露(秘密等)；讓跑掉let in 允許進入；容許；許可(教材原句)Slowly the blackbird lets out a cry.慢慢地，畫眉發(fā)出了叫聲。Im counting on you to support medont let me _down_

30、!我指望你支持我呢別讓我失望！I hardly had time to think these days，let _alone_ relax.我這些天幾乎都沒時間思考，更不用說休息了?！径涛母腻e】I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young at her age.Comparing with other teachers，Mrs.Green

31、 pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly.In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us answer immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questi

32、ons.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and settled problems.What the amazing world of “why” she leads us! She is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.【答案】I have met many teachers since I my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though sh

33、e is 50，she looks very young her age. with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and .In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us immediately，she encourages us to think ca

34、refully every time she puts forward questions.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and problems.What amazing world of “why” she leads us ! She is such a learned person that we all admire very much._With so many different forms of poetry to choose from_，students may eventually want to write

35、poems of their own.有這么多可供選擇的詩歌類型，學(xué)生們最終也許想自己作詩了。句中的With so many different forms of poetry to choose from為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。“with賓語賓語補足語”這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱作with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作狀語，表示方式/原因/條件等，也可作定語。結(jié)構(gòu)如下：(1)with賓語doing(doing表主動或正在進行)(2)with賓語adj.(adj.表狀態(tài))(3)with賓語adv.(adv.表狀態(tài))(4)with賓語done(done表完成或被動)(5)with賓語介詞短語(表狀態(tài))(6)

36、with賓語to do(表將來，有時用主動形式表示被動意義)He lay on the grass with his eyes _looking_ (look) at the sky.他躺在草地上，兩眼望著天空。(伴隨狀語)With his hair _cut_ (cut)，he looked much younger.理了頭發(fā)，他顯得年輕多了。(原因狀語)With a lot of homework _to do_ (do)，I cant go skating with you.因為有很多作業(yè)要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。(原因狀語)In summer，she usually sleeps

37、with the windows _open_ (open)夏天，她通常開著窗子睡覺。(伴隨狀語)With the problem _solved_ (solve)，we went on smoothly.問題解決了，我們進展地很順利。(原因狀語)單句語法填空(2017浙江卷)With one hand _on_ the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf.【閱讀理解】The United Arab Emirates(UAE) government announced it had elected 60 “Chief Happiness Officers”

38、 to study happiness and how to spread it abroad. Currently ranked 28th out of over 150 countries surveyed in the United Nations 2016 World Happiness Report, the UAE wants to sit within the top five by 2021. “We seek to create a society where our peoples happiness is primary，” declared the UAEs Vice

39、President and Prime Minister.Since the new minister took office, people working in the civil service have attended a series of happiness seminars to learn more about the plan. Dubai Police has renamed its community service department the “General Department for Community Happiness” and the force oft

40、en adds # YourSecurityOurHappiness to their tweets (用推特發(fā)送的信息). Meanwhile, various government agencies have changed the language of their customer surveys to find out if people are “happy rather than just satisfied” with the services, and some have investigated social media followers to see if their

41、Instagram and Facebook posts bring happiness.Meik Wiking, an independent think tank in Denmark, the country which tops the UNs happy table, thinks governments can and should play a role in public happiness. “The aim of public policy should be to improve the quality of life for people，” he says. Soni

42、a Edwards, who has lived in the UAE for over a decade, says：“I think its a bit of a public relations gimmick to be honest. I think the government wants to be seen to be making things better through this plan but I dont know how much effect it will really have.” Edwards in Dubai adds：“There are a lot

43、 of issues here around job insecurity, workplace discrimination, high rents and expensive school fees, so if those were dealt with, wed all be happier, but overall, happiness is not just up to the government, its also up to individuals and their own mindsets.”【文章大意】阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國采取措施，致力于提升人們的幸福感，人們對此有不同的看

44、法。8. What does the UAE government intend to do?ACreate a perfect society.BBuild a happier country.CPromote international trades.DShow its status in the world.答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Currently ranked 28th.the UAE wants to sit within the top five by 2021.We seek to create a society where our peoples hap

45、piness is primary”可知，阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國在2016年聯(lián)合國發(fā)布的世界幸福報告中排在第28位，它想在2021年之前進入前五名，因此該國政府在采取措施，致力于提升人們的幸福感，即打造一個更幸福的國度。1. What is one of the measures the UAE takes?AHold happiness seminars for civil servants.BGive government agencies new names.CLook through peoples online posts.DChange the daily language.答案與解析：

46、A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Since the new minister took office, people working in the civil service have attended a series of happiness seminars to learn more about the plan.”可知，新總理上臺之后，公務(wù)員參加了一系列有關(guān)幸福的研討會以更多地了解這項計劃，故選A。2. What does the underlined word “gimmick” in Paragraph 4 mean?AImprovement.BPrinciple.CTransf

47、ormation. DTrick.答案與解析：D考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“its a bit of a public relations.”和其后的“I think the government wants to be seen to be making things better through this plan but I dont know how much effect it will really have.”可知，Sonia Edwards認(rèn)為政府此舉意在通過這個計劃讓人們看到他們正在使事情變得更好，但她不知道這個計劃究竟會有多大效果，故可以推斷她認(rèn)為此舉是公共關(guān)系的花招

48、，是在作秀。3. What might Meik Wiking and Edwards both agree with?AThe government misses the point.BHappiness is somewhat subjective.CPolicy makers count as to peoples wellbeing.DThe effects of the happiness plan are uncertain.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。由第三段中的“governments can and should play a role in public happinessThe aim of public policy should be to improve the quality of life for people”和最后一段中的Edwards所說的話尤其是“if those were dealt with, wed all be happier, but overall, happiness is not just up to the government”可知，他們可能都贊同的是，政策制定者在人們的幸福方面起著重要作用。 11