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1、2022高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 1 Great Scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5一、閱讀理解。Life satisfaction is the way persons evaluate their lives and how they feel about their directions and options for the future. Its a measure of well-being and may be evaluated in terms of mood, satisfaction with relations with others and wit

2、h achieved goals and self-concepts to cope with daily life. Its having a favorable attitude towards ones life as a whole rather than just an evaluation of current feelings. Life satisfaction has been measured in relation to economy, education, experiences, and residence, as well as many other topics

3、.Life satisfaction can reflect experiences that have influenced a person in, a positive way. These experiences have the ability to motivate people to pursue and reach their goals. As a matter of fact, in these experiences there are two kinds of emotions that may positively influence how people under

4、stand their life. Hope and optimism both consist of emotional processes that are usually directed towards the reaching of goals. People who have higher life satisfaction are always full of hope for a better future; additionally, optimism is linked to higher life satisfaction, while pessimism is rela

5、ted to symptoms in depression.The psychologist, Yuval Palgi, studied the old-old-people who were primarily in their nineties. This subject group was found to have thought highly of their past and present, but they thought lower of their future. A large factor that was talked about in life satisfacti

6、on was intelligence. The experiments talk of how life satisfaction grows as people bee older because they bee wiser and more knowledgeable, so they begin to see that life will be better as they grow older and understand the important things in life more. But when they step into their nineties, futur

7、e bees a luxury to them.According to Seligman, the happier people are, the less they are focused on the negative. Happier people also have a greater tendency to like other people, which promotes a happier environment, which then correlates to a higher level of the persons satisfaction with their lif

8、e.1.What can we learn about life satisfaction from Paragraph 1?A. It can be easily measured through ine and education.B. It includes a positive attitude towards peoples entire life.C. It merely determines peoples attitude towards the future.D. It has nothing to do with the evaluation of current feel

9、ings.2.What emotions have a positive effect on life satisfaction?A. Motivation and dream.B. Hope and depression.C. Optimism and pessimism.D. Hope and optimism.3.What was the attitude of most old-old towards their future?A. They were less hopeful about it.B. They thought highly of it.C. They felt sat

10、isfied with it.D. They were scared of it.4.What may be the best title for the text?A. Old People Have Much More Life SatisfactionB. Life Satisfactionthe Key to a Happier LifeC. Optimism Ensures Life SatisfactionD. Emotions Affect Life Satisfaction【文章大意】本文為議論文。講述的是生活滿足感是人們的生活更加幸福的關(guān)鍵。1.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第

11、一段第三句話中的“Its having a favorable attitude towards ones life as a whole”可知生活滿足感包括對(duì)人們整個(gè)生活的積極肯定的態(tài)度，故選B。3.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句話中的“but they thought lower of their future.” 可知大多數(shù)old-old對(duì)他們的未來不太樂觀，故選A。4.B 【解析】主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知本文講的是生活滿足感是人們的生活更加幸福的關(guān)鍵，故選B。二、單句語法填空1Only when he arrived _the meeting begin.答案：did“onl

12、y狀語(從句)”位于句首，句子要部分倒裝。由時(shí)間狀語從句when he arrived可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填did。2Neither I nor John _(be) tired of the speech. It is interesting.答案：isneither . nor . 連接兩個(gè)并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)遵循“就近一致”原則，故填is。3_(absorb) in writing a letter, he didnt even look up when I came in.答案：Absorbedbe absorbed in .“全神貫注于”，此處為分詞作狀語，故填A(yù)bsorbed

13、。4That you _(expose) to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.答案：are exposedbe exposed to .“暴露于；接觸”。5There is no sense in _(worry) about the future.答案：worryingThere is no sense in (doing) sth. “(做)某事是沒有意義的”。6While _(attend) to the central task, we should unfold the work in other fie

14、lds.答案：attendingattend to “處理；照料”，從句的主語和主句主語一致，且謂語部分含有be動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)形式時(shí)，可省略從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞，補(bǔ)充完整為：While we are attending to .，故填attending。7The bank manager was really _(blame), though he tried to put it on a clerk.答案：to blamebe to blame “應(yīng)受責(zé)備；應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任”，為主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。8Mr Reed made up his mind to contribute all he had

15、 to _(set) up some schools for poor children.答案：settingcontribute . to .“為奉獻(xiàn)”，其中to為介詞，其后應(yīng)用名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式，故填setting。9My parents tend to accept any idea _(put) forward by experts on TV.答案：putput forward “提出”，此處應(yīng)用過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾名詞idea。10I recognized her voice _moment I picked up the receiver.答案：thethe mome

16、nt “一就”。三、完形填空。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。After living near Madrid for a year as an au pair (以幫做家務(wù)事等換取食宿的人) three years ago, it was nice to _1_ this weekend. I felt like I was at home and thought how _2_ one can be to feel like this in a place that isnt _3_ your home. I now refer to

17、 this town as one of my homes from home and have learnt how home is where your _4_ is.A lot of people get homesick and it is a very _5_ feeling when away from _6_ ones and home forts. _7_， I have learnt that you can feel at home when you are _8_ in that place with people who _9_ you.Through simply e

18、mbracing every moment, _10_ friends and enjoying a new _11_， you can feel settled in a short amount of time. I did exactly this when moving to Spain for the first time, as positive thoughts tend to bring positive experiences. Luckily enough, I was _12_ with a host family that were very _13_， which h

19、elped to ease the process of feeling happy and settled. I now love visiting when I can to see how the children grow up and feel very blessed by being able to _14_ this.Yet again, I am living in Spain on my year abroad, but this time with students and not a(n) _15_， in a different region. Nonetheless

20、, the process of _16_ had been easier, as I feel _17_ the Spanish culture already. Of course when moving away from home you have to _18_ many things that are different in parison to what you call home. However, this is the _19_ of travelling, exploring and _20_ yourself and a new place. A new place

21、that one day you might be able to call your home too.1A.leave BplanCmove Dvisit2A.proud BluckyCpopular Dreal3A.finally BpossiblyCpletely Dnecessarily4A.belief BdreamCheart Djob5A.normal BuniqueCstrong Duneasy6A.similar BunusualCloved Drespected7A.However BThereforeCInstead DOtherwise8A.free Bpowerfu

22、lCavailable Dfortable9A.care for Blook forCask for Dwait for10A.missing BmakingCchoosing Daiding11A.idea BcultureChome Dchance12A.chatting BplayingCliving Ddealing13A.wise BhonestCsuccessful Dfriendly14A.change BexperienceCsupport Dimprove15A.teacher BroommateCfamily Dorganization16A.going on Bturni

23、ng aroundCstepping forward Dsettling in17A.accustomed to Bexcited atCsatisfied with Dinterested in18A.give up Bstart withCadapt to Dcarry out19A.role BsecretCdelight Dsymbol20A.helping BdiscoveringCenjoying Dcontrolling【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者在異國他鄉(xiāng)找到了自己的“家”。1D根據(jù)最后一段開頭的Yet again, I am living in Spain on my

24、year abroad, but this time with students可知，作者重“訪(visit)”西班牙。2B根據(jù)上文的I felt like I was at home和下文的feel like this可知，在異國他鄉(xiāng)能找到家的感覺確實(shí)“幸運(yùn)(lucky)”。3D如果在某個(gè)地方“不一定(not necessarily)”就是家能找到家的感覺，那真是幸運(yùn)。4C根據(jù)上文的nice，felt like，feel like可知，作者認(rèn)識(shí)到家就是“心靈(heart)”的歸屬地。5A根據(jù)上文的A lot of people get homesick及常識(shí)可知，思鄉(xiāng)是一種“正常的(norm

25、al)”情感。6C根據(jù)上文的homesick可知，一個(gè)人遠(yuǎn)離自己“所愛的(loved)”人和家中的舒適，當(dāng)然會(huì)泛起鄉(xiāng)愁。7A下文提到的在異鄉(xiāng)也能找到家的感覺與上文意義上發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，故選However。8D9A根據(jù)上文的you can feel at home可知，此處意思是，如果在一個(gè)地方能與“關(guān)愛(care for)”自己的人在一起、覺得比較“舒服(fortable)”，那自然能找到家的感覺。10B11B根據(jù)這兩個(gè)空所在句中的embracing every moment, enjoying和you can feel settled in a short amount of time可知，如果

26、能珍惜每個(gè)瞬間、“交(making)”些朋友、享受新的“文化(culture)”，那很快就能融入當(dāng)?shù)氐纳睢?2C根據(jù)下文的host family可知，“我”與寄宿家庭“生活(living)”在一起。13D根據(jù)下文的helped to ease the process of feeling happy and settled可知，寄宿家庭的成員都很“友好(friendly)”。14B根據(jù)上文的see how the children grow up可知，能“親歷(experience)”這一過程，作者感到很幸福。15C上文的host family是提示。16D17A因?yàn)槭堑诙蝸砦靼嘌?，所以?/p>

27、者這次“安定(settling in)”下來要比上次更容易些，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)“熟悉(accustomed to)”了當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕?8C根據(jù)本空所在句中的moving away from home和different in parison to what you call home可知，背井離鄉(xiāng)自然需要“適應(yīng)(adapt to)”異地不同于家鄉(xiāng)的很多方面。19C20B根據(jù)However可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。作者認(rèn)為雖然需要適應(yīng)很多新事物，但是這恰巧就是旅游、探索、“發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovering)”自我的“樂趣(delight)”所在。四、單句改錯(cuò)1Although defeating in the m

28、atch, we didnt lose heart._答案：defeatingdefeated此處表示在比賽中被打敗，故應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。2When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, pletely absorbing in the newspaper._答案：absorbingabsorbed(be) absorbed in “全神貫注于”，此處為過去分詞短語作狀語。3It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.

29、_答案：去掉amake sense to do sth. “做某事是明智的，合乎情理的”，為固定用法，故去掉a。4Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result._答案：isareneither . nor . 連接兩主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”。5The plan was put forward at yesterdays meeting, in my opinion, is quite practical._答案：去掉was或was前加which/that該句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞is, 故put forward

30、 at yesterdays meeting為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾作主語的名詞plan；也可用定語從句作定語修飾先行詞plan，因此添加定語從句的關(guān)系詞引出定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，先行詞指物，所以在was前加which/that。五、七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2018江西贛中南五校高三第一次聯(lián)合考試)More and more people are working remotely.Here are some tips to keep in mind to stay focused on your work whe

31、n working at home：Set and keep regular office hours._1_ Then try your best to leave work at the “office” and turn your phone on silent and enjoy the rest of your day.Give yourself some time to recharge so you can be as productive as possible.Plan and structure your workdays.Structure your workdays t

32、o maximize(使最大化)efficiency.Take advantage of your bodys natural rhythms._2_ If you know you focus best in the morning，resist the temptation to check email until 10 am.or later.Set aside a designated(指定的)work area.Try to work at the same spot every day._3_ And make it a place you enjoy going to each

33、day，an area where you can focus and do your best work.Take breaks.Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day.Rise from your desk，stretch or walk around the house or down the street._4_ If you need social activities，go out to lunch with friends or clients.Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)One chall

34、enge of working at home is distraction.With no colleagues or partners nearby，its easy to bee distracted.Stay focused on work throughout the day to maintain consistent productivity._5_AIt could be a spare bedroom that youve turned into a home office.BPlan your work around your most productive hours.C

35、Do your best to set work hours and stick to them.DTake a lunch break and enjoy a midday meal.EIt is more fortable to stay at home.FSome interruptions cant be avoided.GAvoid online distractions as well.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了五種在家工作時(shí)如何保持注意力集中的方法。1C根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Set and keep regular office hours”可知，此處與工作時(shí)間的設(shè)定有關(guān)，所以選C項(xiàng)

36、。2B根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Plan and structure your workdays”可推知，此處與工作計(jì)劃有關(guān)，并與本段第一句“Structure your workdays to maximize(使最大化)efficiency”呼應(yīng)，所以選B項(xiàng)。3A根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Set aside a designated(指定的)work area”可知，此處表示家庭辦公區(qū)的設(shè)定和安排，所以選A項(xiàng)。4D根據(jù)本段第一句“Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day”并結(jié)合小標(biāo)題“Take breaks”可推知，工作期間適當(dāng)休息一下有助于集中注意力，所以選D項(xiàng)。5G根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)”可推知，網(wǎng)上使人分心的內(nèi)容也是集中注意力所需要避免的，所以選G項(xiàng)。