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1、2022高考英語專題鞏固練習 定語從句（含解析）一、單選題1.It is a luxury in such circumstances to expect individual attention, especially in classes students in the back rows can hardly see the blackboard. A.thatB.whereC.whenD.which2.School violence is increasing in primary and middle schools across the country, _causes are d

2、ifficult to find sometimes. A.whichB.whereC.whatD.whose3.He is a man of great experience much can be learned. A.whoB.thatC.from whichD.from whom4.We really appreciate our learning environment, _ we can have direct munication. A.whomB.whichC.whereD.when5.American women usually identify their best fri

3、ends as someone _ they can talk frequently. A.whoB.asC.about whichD.with whom6.Anyone has a dog as a pet will tell you a dog means to a family. A.which; whatB.who; whyC.who; whatD.which; why7._ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.Which8.Mr. Johnsons son

4、_ lives in Chicago is a doctor. A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which9.Have you heard that our primary school will be torn down next year?Really? I suppose it is such bad news _ most of its former and present students will feel upset about. A.thatB.whichC.asD.what10.This is an unpleasant subject _ we might argu

5、e for a long while. A.in whichB.with themC.about whichD.with it11.The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great changes. A.whenB.during whichC.since thenD.since when12.Last week,only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A.none of themB.both of themC.no

6、ne of whomD.neither of whom13.Thismodernhotel,_thevisitorscanenjoythebestserviceinthecity,is_Marystayedlasttime. A.which；whatB.in which；whereC.that；whichD.where；in which14.We are at a stage _ its still too early to say whether the newly-elected president will bring hope to the US. A.thatB.whereC.whi

7、chD.不填15.Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where16.With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in _ village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. A.whomB.whoseC.whichD.who17.We climbed up to the top of

8、a hill, we got a good view of the whole forest park. A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that18.Not far from the club, there was a garden, _ owner was seated in it playing cards with his children every afternoon. A.itsB.of whichC.whichD.whose19.Thats the new machine parts are too small to be seen. A.thatB.whichC.

9、whoseD.what20.There are two buildings,_ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A.the largerB.the larger of themC.the larger one thatD.the larger of which21.He stayed there for quite a long time, during_ time he learned much spoken English. A.thatB.thisC.whichD.the same22.Please send us all the informati

10、on _ you have about the candidate for the position. A.thatB.whichC.asD.what23.It rained this morning, _ actually didnt bother me because I like walking in the rain. A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which24.The puter, help we human beings have stepped into the information age, should be regarded as one of the mo

11、st important inventions in the 20th century. A.whichB.whose C.with itsD.with whose25.They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _were carried out in their work. A.whichB.themC.thatD.what26.She is looking forward to the day her daughter wins the gold medal in the Olympics. A.howB.whichC.

12、whenD.where27.Many children parents had died in the earthquake were well looked after by the villagers. A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose二、語法填空28.But the one million people of the city, _ thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 29.Some people _ are successful language learners often

13、fail in other fields. 30.I have found the very shop _ has everything we need. 31.語法填空 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical munity (醫(yī)學界)_a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintend

14、ed side _(effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical munity was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required _(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt_(remove) f

15、rom food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As _result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even_(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food _(be) full of fat and salt; by_(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat th

16、an they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be_(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,_is not good for the health. 32.Nowadays peo

17、ple are more concerned about the environment _ they live. 33.The film was _ great success, _ received several awards at home and abroad. 34.He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of_ were published in the 1990s. 35.Nobody wants the house _roof has fallen in. 36.She studied at Peking University,

18、after _ she went on to have her further study abroad. 37.The sun heats the earth, _makes it possible for plants to grow. 答案解析部分一、單選題1.【答案】B 【考點】關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：在這種情況下，在這樣的氛圍中期望個人的注意力保持是一種奢侈，尤其是在后排學生幾乎看不見黑板的課堂上。in classes students in the back rows can hardly see the blackboard. 分析本句可知，先行詞是cl

19、asses，在從句中作狀語，放在從句中應該是students in the back rows can hardly see the blackboard in the class ， 因此可以用in which=where，因此選B?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系副詞where引導的限制性定語從句。2.【答案】D 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：校園暴力在遍及全國的中小學校都在增加，有時，很難找到它的原因。這里考察定語從句，很難找到的是“校園暴力的原因”，故用關(guān)系代詞whose引導。選D?！军c評】考查引導定語從句的關(guān)系詞。3.【答案】D 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（

20、which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句的介詞+關(guān)系代詞。對后面從句還原為正常語序應為One can learn much from him. 由此可知，此處介詞from必不可少，而him對應的關(guān)系代詞應為whom。句意:他是一個經(jīng)驗豐富的人，從他身上可以學到很多東西。故選D。4.【答案】C 【考點】非限制性定語從句 【解析】【分析】句意：我們非常感激我們的學習環(huán)境，在那里我們可以直接交流。learning environment是先行詞指物，排除A和D；先行詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where引導，排除B，故答案選C.【點評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)

21、系副詞where引導的非限制性定語從句的應用。5.【答案】D 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：美國婦女通常把她們能夠與之經(jīng)常交談的人看作她們的好朋友。將先行詞someone帶入定語從句為：they can talk frequently with someone, with是介詞，其后接指人的關(guān)系詞要用whom，故選D。6.【答案】C 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法，賓語從句的連接詞 【解析】【分析】句意：任何有狗當寵物的人都會告訴你狗對家庭的意義。 has a dog as a pet 是一個限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞anyone

22、，在從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞who； a dog means to a family.是一個賓語從句，引導詞在從句中作means的賓語，故用what，所以選C?！军c評】考查定語從句和賓語從句，本題涉及who引導的限制性定語從句和what引導的賓語從句的應用。7.【答案】A 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：正如已經(jīng)指出的，語法不是一套死規(guī)則。as引導非限制性定語從句，代替后面的一句話。8.【答案】A 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：住在芝加哥的Mr. Johnson的兒子是一名醫(yī)生。此處是定語從句，先行詞是Mr. Johnsons son，_

23、 lives in Chicago是定語從句，先行詞在定語從句中做主語，故選A?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系代詞who引導的限制性定語從句。9.【答案】C 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句。句意：有沒有聽說我們的小學明年要被拆除了？是嗎？我想大多數(shù)以前和現(xiàn)在的學生知道這個壞消息都會感到傷心難過的。第二個句子中依照句子中的“such”一詞可以判定出后面是接“that”或“as”；接著判斷后面的句子是否完整，很明顯后面的句子“most of its former and present students will feel upset about.”中abou

24、t后面沒有賓語，故只能用as充當賓語成分從而構(gòu)成定語從句來修飾前面的“news”一詞。如果在后一句中about后接了賓語則需要考慮為“suchthat”的結(jié)果狀語從句，故C項正確。10.【答案】C 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：這是一個令人不快的話題，我們也許要爭論很久。argue about something爭論某事。11.【答案】D 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句。句意：這本書是在1946年寫的，自從1946年起，教育體系見證了巨大的變化。根據(jù)has witnes

25、sed great challenges現(xiàn)在完成時，可知要用since引導時間狀語從句，因為the education system has witnessed great challenges句子的主謂賓成分完整，不用關(guān)系代詞用關(guān)系副詞。then不能引導定語從句。故選D。12.【答案】D 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句、前面的two people 已經(jīng)給出范圍了,所以只能用neither,neither 是指兩個人的,如果是three people或者更多按照句子的意思就得用none，B選項them不能引導定義從句。故選D13

26、.【答案】B 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法，表語從句 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句和表語從句。hotel做先行詞，指物，在非限制性定語從句中做地點狀語，可知第一空填where/in which；is后面是表語從句，引導詞在表語從句中做地點狀語，可知第二空填where。故選B。溫馨提示：介詞+which/whom只引導定語從句，不能引導其他從句。14.【答案】B 【考點】關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：我們還處于這樣一個階段，判斷新當選的總統(tǒng)是否會給美國帶來希望為時太早。先行詞是stage，定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)很完整，it是形式主語，后面的不定式

27、是真正的主語。先行詞在定語從句中作狀語，當先行詞是stage時，定語從句關(guān)系詞一般使用關(guān)系副詞where。故答案為B。【點評】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞的選擇。15.【答案】D 【考點】關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：很多國家正在建立可以保護動植物的國家公園。 _ animals and plants can be protected.是一個限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞national parks, 先行詞在從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語，因此選D?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系副詞where引導的限制性定語從句的應用。16.【答案】B 【考點】非限制性定語從句 【解析】【分析】句意：隨著農(nóng)業(yè)

28、的迅速發(fā)展，10年前她在他們村子里教書的人都已經(jīng)過上了幸福的生活。本題定語從句的先行詞是the people，關(guān)系動詞whose指代先行詞，放在名詞village前面做定語。In which和who不能在句中做定語；故B正確?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系代詞whose引導的非限制性定語從句的應用。17.【答案】B 【考點】關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：我們爬上了山頂，在那里我們可以看到整個森林公園的美景。此處the top of a hill是先行詞，指地點，后面的非限制性定語從句不缺主謂賓語，缺一個地點狀語，故選B?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系副詞where引

29、導的非限制性定語從句的應用。18.【答案】D 【考點】非限制性定語從句 【解析】【分析】句意：距離俱樂部不遠處，有一個花園，它的主人每天下午坐在花園里和他的孩子們玩紙牌。這里構(gòu)造非限制性定語從句，用whose指代先行詞花園的，在定語從句中作定語。故選D。【點評】該題考查的是非限制性定語從句的考點。19.【答案】C 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：那就是那臺零部件小得幾乎看不見的新機器。關(guān)系詞在從句中作parts的定語，且先行詞為machine，是物，故關(guān)系詞用whose。20.【答案】D 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分

30、析】句意：有兩幢樓，其中較大的那幢有將近一百英尺高。the larger of which= and the larger of them。21.【答案】C 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句。句意：他呆在那里好長時間，期間他學了許多口語英語。因在介詞后不能用that來引導定語從句，所以選C?！军c評】本題要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步牢固掌握which引導的定語從句的用法。22.【答案】A 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】考查定語從句。題干中的先行詞為all the information，能夠引導定語從句的

31、選項為A、B、C。as引導限制性定語從句，先行詞一般有such，as，the same等詞修飾；先行詞被all，the only，next，only，形容詞最高級等修飾時，定語從句用that引導，故選A。23.【答案】D 【考點】非限制性定語從句 【解析】【分析】句意：今天早上下雨了，這實際上沒有打擾我，因為我喜歡在雨中散步。此處是整個句子作先行詞，在后面的非限制性定語從句作主語，故用which作關(guān)系詞，故答案為D?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系代詞which引導的非限制性定語從句。24.【答案】D 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】在電腦的幫助下人類進入了信息時代。如選

32、擇C項，兩個句子缺少連詞。D項引導點語從句。with whose help = with the help of the puter. 故D項正確。25.【答案】A 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：他們在會議上提出了很多計劃，其中沒有一個在工作中被執(zhí)行。先行詞a lot of plans為物，指物的引導詞做介詞賓語時，只能使用which，故選A。【點評】考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。26.【答案】C 【考點】關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句的用法，單項選擇型 【解析】【分析】句意:她盼望著女兒在奧運會中獲得金牌的那一天(的到來)?？仗幰龑ФㄕZ從句,且在從句

33、中作時間狀語。故該定語從句應用when引導。故選C。【點評】考查關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句。根據(jù)句意，分析句子成分，從而確定句子所缺的成分。27.【答案】D 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：許多父母死于地震的孩子得到了村民們的很好的照顧。 parents had died in the earthquake 是一個限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞many children，在從句中作parents的定語，故用關(guān)系代詞whose，選D。【點評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系代詞whos引導的定語從句的應用。二、語法填空28.【答案】who 【考點】非限制性定語從句 【解析】【分析】句

34、意：然而,城市中的一百萬人口沒怎么考慮這些事件,都在那天晚上像往常一樣睡著了。 thought little of these events是一個非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞people，在從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞who，故填who?！军c評】考查定語從句，本題涉及who引導的非限制性定語從句的應用。29.【答案】who 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：一些成功的語言學習者常常在其他領(lǐng)域失敗。Some people是先行詞，定語從句中缺少主語，故答案為who。【點評】考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞的選用。30.【答案】that 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法，語法填空 【解

35、析】【分析】句意：我已經(jīng)找到了那家能買到我們需要的一切的商店。shop是先行詞，the very修飾先行詞，關(guān)系詞要用that。故答案為that?！军c評】考查定語從句，理解句意，確定先行詞，根據(jù)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)即可判斷答案。31.【答案】as；effects；to process；are removed；a；worse；is；eating；careful；which 【考點】形容詞，關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法，動詞不定式 【解析】【分析】(1)考查介詞。句意：這一趨勢最初始于醫(yī)學界作為一種對抗心臟病的方法。as表示“作為，以 身份”，故填as。(2)考查單復數(shù)。分析語境可知作者表達的意思是“一些不為

36、人知的副作用”，根據(jù)前文的some 可知“side effect”(副作用)有很多，故填effects。(3)考查不定式。句意：他們被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要 求某人做某事”，被動形式為“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。(4)考查被動語態(tài)。句意：當脂肪和鹽分從食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之間是 被動關(guān)系，脂肪和鹽分是兩種東西，且是被人們?nèi)サ?，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填are removed。(5)考查冠詞。 固定短語as a result表示

37、“結(jié)果”。句意：結(jié)果，人們將吃更多的食物去彌補損失的東西。故填a。(6)查比較級。句意：更糟糕的是，人們所吃快餐的數(shù)量增加了。故填worse。(7)考查主謂一致。句意：快餐食物中滿是脂肪和鹽。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一類食物，為 不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故填is。(8)考查動名詞。句意：通過吃更多的快餐，人們將在飲食中攝入超過需求量的脂肪和鹽。根據(jù)前文 中的by可知此處應該填名詞、動名詞，所以填eating。(9)考查形容詞。句意：然而，注意不要走極端。分析語境可知be后面應該用形容詞作表語，故填careful。(10)考查非限制性定語從句。句意：很可能攝入過多的脂肪和

38、鹽，那對健康沒有好處。分析可知 which is not good for the health為非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前面的整句話?！军c評】 語法填空主要通過語篇在語境中考語法，因此在解題前要快速瀏覽全文，把握全文大意，結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境，從句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性去分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性，再根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，以及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系來確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式。32.【答案】where 【考點】關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：現(xiàn)在人們更關(guān)心他們居住的環(huán)境。 they live是一個限制性定語從句，先行詞是the environment ，在從句中作地

39、點狀語，故填where。【點評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系副詞where引導的限制性定語從句的應用。33.【答案】a；which 【考點】不定冠詞，非限制性定語從句，語法填空 【解析】【分析】名詞success表示“成功的事”時，為可數(shù)名詞；which引導的是一個非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語。故答案為（1）a; （2）which.【點評】考查抽象名詞具體化和非限制性定語從句關(guān)系代詞的選用。34.【答案】which 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法 【解析】【分析】句意：他寫了很多兒童讀物，其中近一半是在20世紀90年代出版的。在非限制性定語從句中，表示“

40、部分與整體”的關(guān)系時，用of which/whom或者of which/whom都可以。表示部分的可以是具體數(shù)目或百分數(shù)，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等。指物用which。故答案為：which?！军c評】考查定語從句中“整體與部分”的關(guān)系代詞。35.【答案】whose 【考點】關(guān)系代詞引導定語從句的用法，語法填空 【解析】【分析】句意：沒人想要屋頂塌陷的房子

41、。the house作先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作定語，roof與house構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系，故答案為whose?！军c評】考查whose引導定語從句，首先要確定先行詞，然后確定先行詞在從句中的功能。36.【答案】which 【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導定語從句的用法，語法填空 【解析】【分析】句意：她曾在北京大學學習，此后，她又到國外深造?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom，且不能省略。此處用which指代前面一整句的內(nèi)容。故答案為which?！军c評】考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞“”引導的定語從句的關(guān)系代詞選用。37.【答案】as/which 【考點】as和which引導非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別 【解析】【分析】句意：太陽給地球熱，這使植物有可能生長。as 和which都可代表整個句子的內(nèi)容或主句中的某一成分。故答案為：as/which。【點評】考查as 和which都可引導非限制性定語從句。