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1、Unit10 The world around us考綱要求： 考綱規(guī)定的考試范圍:1. 重點單詞與短語：fur; lead; jungle; environment; tour; act; measure; adapt; original; devote; common; valuable; reduce; respond; amount; package; flat; material; topic; organize; brief；in danger; die out; lead to; as a result of; take measures; adapt to; make a di

2、fference; devoteto; at present; set free; in the wild; throw away2. 句型We human beings could not survive without all plants and animals around us. 表雙重否定We may be able to take measures before it is too late. before 的譯法Steve Jones tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered. 表示“阻止某人做某事”3.

3、 語法：直接引語和間接引語(陳述句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和祈使句) 復習本章要達到的目標1. 掌握lead; tour; act; measure; adapt; devote; common; valuable; reduce; respond; amount; material; organize; brief；in danger; die out; lead to; as a result of; take measures; adapt to; make a difference; devoteto; at present; set free; in the wild; throw

4、away 等重點單詞及短語的用法。2. 掌握雙重否定的用法；before 的譯法；靈活運用直接引語和間接引語來表達意思。教材知識歸納知識歸納1. Why are they in danger?(1)danger的用法： 危險(不可數(shù))Thats where the real danger lies.那是真正的危險所在。危險(物);威脅(可數(shù))They regard overpopulation as a danger to society.他們把人口過?？闯墒菍ι鐣耐{。相關歸納： in danger 處于危險之中His life is in danger.他生命有危險。 out of da

5、nger 脫離危險The wounded policeman is now out of danger.受傷的警察已經(jīng)脫離危險。 be in danger of doing sth. 陷入某種危險之中He is in danger of losing his job if he goes on like this.他再這樣下去會丟掉工作的。sb./sth. be dangerous 某人或某物是能帶來危險的（指主語本身會給周圍的人或物造成的危險。）The busy road is dangerous to small children.道路擁擠繁忙，對小孩太危險。The prisoners w

6、ho escaped are violent and dangerous.這些逃犯殘暴而危險。endanger vt. 危害，危及（某人/ 某事物）; 使遭受危險Drunk-drinking can not only cause traffic accidents, but also endanger the lives of pedestrians.酒后駕車不僅會造成交通事故，而且會危害到行人的生命2. Why is it important to make sure that animals do not die out.(1)die out（指家族、物種等）死光，滅絕； The habi

7、tat of the species is being destroyed and has nearly died out.這一物種因棲息地遭到破壞，幾乎滅絕了。（指習俗、做法、觀念等）消失，過時； The practice of children working in factories has nearly died out.工廠中使用童工的做法已幾乎絕跡。（指火）熄滅。其后不接賓語It took a long time before the big fire died out . 過了很長一段時間那場大火才漸漸熄滅。(2)die from ：常用于由于外部創(chuàng)傷或間接的原因致死He die

8、d from an accident /a wound/ overwork /polluted air /carelessness.他死于事故 /受傷/過度勞累 / 污染的空氣 / 粗心。 (3)die of：一般用于害病，疲勞，寒冷，饑渴，年老，失望，悲傷等感情原因造成死亡He died of joy/ fear /disappointment / grief /old age /hunger /cold.他死于高興 / 恐懼 / 失望 / 悲傷 /年老 /饑餓 /寒冷。(4)die for “為而死，為獻身”，表示因為事業(yè)或目的而死The soldiers died for his cou

9、ntry / the revolutionary cause / the people / liberty / the national dignity.戰(zhàn)士為國家/ 革命事業(yè)/ 人民/ 自由/ 國家的尊嚴而獻身。To die for the people is an honour, not a misfortune.為人民而死是榮譽，不是不幸。(5)die off 表示相繼死去，直到絕種的意思，其后不能接賓語 The members of the family had all died off.這家人一個個都死了。 The poor children died off because of

10、lack of food.由于缺乏食品孩子們一個個死去。(6) be dying for sth./to do sth. 渴望 Im dying for something to eat.我極想吃點東西。 He is dying to know where youve been.他極想知道你去哪里了。3.As a result of the rivers pollution, the fish in it died off.(1).as a result of由于的結(jié)果=as a consequence ofAs a result of the fire, thousands of peopl

11、e lost their homes.由于那場大火，數(shù)千人失去了家園。(2)as a result 結(jié)果=as a consequenceHe was caught in the rain. As a result, he had a bad cold.他挨了雨淋，結(jié)果患了重感冒。He made one big mistake, and as a result, lost his job.他犯了個大錯，結(jié)果丟了工作。(3)result from發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生His failure resulted largely from his laziness.他的失敗主要是懶惰所致。Her injury r

12、esulted from a fall.她因摔倒而受傷。(4) result in結(jié)果;導致The accident resulted in ten deaths.這次事故造成十人死亡。Hard work results in success.努力工作就能成功。4. We dont always do as we say.do 用作不及物動詞的幾種情況：（1） 指人、物以及形勢的進展情況(多用于進行時)。How are you doing in your English.你英語學的怎么樣？How is she doing? 她過的怎么下？側(cè)重講述做的方式而不是內(nèi)容時Please do as y

13、ou like.按照你喜歡的方式做事。（3） 做適合；行，可以等意思The sofa will do for a bed.這個沙發(fā)可以用作床。If you dont have a pen, a pencil will do.如果你沒有鋼筆的話，鉛筆也行。5. We may be able to take measures before it is too late.現(xiàn)在采取措施也許為時不晚。(1) before的用法：before用作連詞時，意思是“在之前；還沒來得及 就”。例如：Before she could move, she heard a great noise, which gre

14、w to a terrible roar. 她還沒來得及動彈，就聽見有很響的聲音，接著就成了可怕的隆隆轟鳴聲。Before I could say a word, she had stormed out of the room. 不等我說一句話，她就沖出了房間。Dont count your chickens before they are hatched. 不要高興得過早。用于It be 時間段 before.句型中，意思是“在之后才”。It will be five years before I come back.我五年后才能回來。It was not long before the e

15、nemy was driven out of their country. 不久之后，敵人就被趕走了。如果主句中用否定式，則表示“不多久就”。It wont be long before they understand each other. 他們不久就會互相了解的 還有“趁（還沒有）”之意。They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up. 他們正在考慮趁房價未漲時把房子買下來。Do it before you forget it. 趁早動手，以免忘了。（2）measure的用法：知識梳理：（1） 名詞“措施，辦法”，

16、take measures to do something 采取措施做某事；We must take necessary measures to solve these problems one by one.我們必須采取必要的措施逐個解決這些問題。（2）名詞“量度，尺寸” make clothes to ones own measure 根據(jù)某人的尺寸做衣服；I went to the tailors to make a suit to my own measure last week.上周我去裁縫店量體做一套衣服(3) measure用作及物動詞，意思是“量，測量；打量”。My mothe

17、r is measuring me for clothes.我媽媽在給我量尺寸做衣服。His eyes measured the newcomer from top to bottom.他的眼上下打量看新來的人(4) measure可以用作不及物動詞，意思是“度量為”The classroom measures 10 meters by 5 meters相關歸納：(1) take action to do sth.采取措施做某事The government took action to stop pollution.政府已采取措施防止污染(2) take steps to do sth.采取措

18、施做某事The government took steps to stop pollution.政府已采取措施防止污染(3)do something / things to do something采取措施做某事We must do something to prevent SARS.我們必須采取措施預防非典型性肺炎。(4)beyond measure 無法估量His contributions to his country is beyond measure.他對祖國的貢獻是無法估量的。（5）make sth. to ones own measure 量體裁衣The tailor made

19、a suit to my measure.裁縫為我定做了西裝。（6） be measured in +計量單位的復數(shù)形式用（作為計量單位）The energy is measured in calories.能量是以卡為單位計量的。6. The good news is that there is a lot we can do to help.“that there is a lot we can do to help”是表語從句。標語從句的引導詞有that, whether, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, bec

20、ause等(1)引導表語從句的that不省略，that僅起連接作用，在從句中不充當任何成分，無任何意義The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person.(2)the reason后面的表語從句只能用that引導，學生易犯“the reason is because”的錯誤The reason why the little actress has been such a success is that she is both clever and hard-working.(3)在表示命令order等，建議suggesti

21、on, advice等的名詞后的表語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣：should+動詞原形，should可省略His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the problem.(4)whether可引導表語從句，表“是否”，它在從句中不充當成分，if不能引導表語從句。The question is whether we can rely on him.(5)連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose除起連接作用外，還在從句中做主語、賓語、表語和定語。Thats what he is

22、 worried about.（在從句作中賓語）The problem is who can do the work.（在從句中作主語）（6）連接副詞when, where, why, how起連接作用外，還在從句中作狀語。Thats why I was late.That is where he was born.That is how he did it.(7)連詞because引導表語從句，只用在That/This/It is because結(jié)構(gòu)中That is because she often works hard.7. Professor Stevenson has devoted

23、 himself to protecting the milu deer.devote 的用法派生詞：devotion n. 獻身；奉獻；忠誠；熱心，專心devoted adj. 忠誠的；摯愛的；喜歡的devotedly adv. 忠實地，一心一意地相關歸納：（1）devote.to 把獻給；把專用于After that, he devoted his entire energy to these studies.從那以后，他全力以赴從事這些研究工作。I dont think it worthwhile to devote so much time to discussing the matt

24、er.我認為要花這么多時間來討論這件事不值得。（2）devote oneself to 致力于，獻身于；專心于He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于幫助窮人。（3）be devoted to 專心于; 忠于;喜歡He is very devoted to his wife.他很忠實于他的妻子。The newly married couple living next door to us are devoted to sports.住在我們隔壁的那對新婚夫婦非常喜歡體育運動。8.We should “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle a

25、nd Respond”reduce的用法：(1) 減少;縮小;降低 vt./vi. （與to連用時表示“減少到，減低到”，與by連用時表示“減少了，減低了”）He is trying to reduce expenses.他正試圖減少開支。Her weight has been reduced by 6 kilos.她的體重已減少了六公斤。(2)reduce sb./sth. to使某人/某事物陷入某種（通常指更壞的）狀態(tài)或狀況中(to是介詞后面要接名詞或動名詞)The fire reduced the paintings to ashes.大火將這些畫作燒成了灰燼。The cancer vi

26、ctim was reduced to skin and bones.那個癌癥患者瘦得皮包骨。Poverty reduced him to begging.貧窮迫使他行乞。9. to adapt to the changeadapt:的用法：派生詞：adaptable adj. 能適應的，可改編的adaptation n. 適應，改編本adaptability n. 適應性adaptorn. 適配器，轉(zhuǎn)接器知識梳理：(1) 適應（新環(huán)境）adapt to sth adapt oneself to sth.Generally speaking, the species that are able

27、 to adapt to the change of the environment will survive, while the others will die out.一般來說，能夠適應環(huán)境變化的物種會繼續(xù)生存下去，而那些適應性差的物種就滅絕。 When you are abroad, you must find ways to adapt yourself to the culture and custom there.你到國外后，要設法使自己適應那里的文化和風俗習慣。(2) 改編，改寫，修改,改造某事物This novel has been adapted for radio fro

28、m the Russian original.那部小說已由俄文原著改編成無線電廣播節(jié)目。This machine has been specially adapted for use underwater.這機器是為水下使用而特別改裝的。10.The milu deer had been very common in Cmon adj.共同的，共用的，普通的，常見的(1)common ordinary general normal regular 的區(qū)別common強調(diào)“常見的”、“ 不足為奇的”，如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常見。ordinary強調(diào)

29、“平常的”、“平淡無奇的”，如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不過是面包和牛奶。general意為“普遍的”、“一般的”，如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist.這本書是為一般讀者寫的， 不是為專家寫的。normal指“正常的”、“正規(guī)的”、“常態(tài)的”,如:the normal temperature of the human body人的正常體溫regular 有以下幾個常見的用法：規(guī)則的,有規(guī)律的;固定

30、的;正常的Hes got no regular job.他沒有固定的工作。Everything seemed quite regular when the fire broke out.起火的當時,一切似乎都很正常。定期的,定時的He made a regular visit to his parents.他定期看望父母親。經(jīng)常的,習慣性的Laura was one of his regular customers.勞拉是他的老顧客之一。（2）common的常見短語：in common 共同，共用in common with 和一樣In common with many young peopl

31、e, he likes pop music.和許多年輕人一樣，他喜歡流行音樂。out of the common不平常的He noticed nothing out of the common.他沒發(fā)現(xiàn)異乎尋常的事。have something / a lot/much in common with sb./sth.和有些（許多）共同之處have nothing /a little/little in common with和沒有（有一點，幾乎沒有）共同之處They are sisters, but they have nothing in common.他們雖是姐妹，但毫無共同之處。11.

32、When the farmers cut down trees, tigers can no longer hide and hunt.cut的短語總結(jié)相關歸納：(1)cut up切碎；剪碎He cut up the meat before preparing the food.在做飯之前他先把肉剁碎。（2）cut away剪去；砍掉；割掉；切除They cut away all the dead branches from the trees.（3）cut off砍下來；切斷；阻礙；阻擋；堵塞He had his two fingers cut off in an accident at w

33、ork.他在一次工傷事故中被切斷了兩根手指。Our food supply has been cut off.我們的食物供應被切斷了。（4）cut out剪下；刪除Youd better cut out the last paragraph of your composition.（5）cut through抄近路；鑿穿I came by cutting through the lane.(抄近路)They used a machete to cut through the bush.他們用砍刀在灌木叢中開辟出一條路。(6)cut in 刺入；插話He is always cutting in

34、 when others are speaking.(7) cut down削減; 縮短; 砍倒He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.他試圖少抽煙,但沒成功。Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.把文章縮短一些,這樣就能排進報紙有限的版面中。We need to cut the article down to 1000 words.我們得把這篇文章壓縮到1000字。12. He hoped that one day these milu

35、 deer would be set free and live in the wild again.(1)set free 釋放，自由The PLA men broke into the prison and set all the revolutionaries free.解放軍打進監(jiān)獄，把革命者全部釋放。 I opened the cage door and set the bird free.我打開鳥籠把鳥兒放了。(2) free的用法： adj. 自由的，無拘無束的；免費的；空閑的v.使自由，免除，解放，使松動The little boy freed the bird from it

36、s cage.那小男孩把籠里的鳥兒放了。I need to go out. Can you free me for an hour?我需要出去一下，你能讓我離開一小時嗎？At last he freed himself from debt.他終于還清了債務。歸納總結(jié)：be free to do sth. 自由自在，不受拘束地做某事Everyone is free to express himself.每個人都可以暢所欲言。be free from/of不受影響的The old lady is never free from/of pain.那位老太太從未擺脫過病痛。free of charge

37、 =for free=free免費Delivery is free of charge if goods are paid for in advance.如欲付貨款就可免費送貨。注意：做自由講時：形容詞是free 副詞是 freely做免費講時：形容詞和副詞同形都是free13. We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us.如果沒有周圍這些動物和植物，我們?nèi)祟惥筒粫嫦聛?。句中，cannotwithout足雙重否定表示肯定。You cannot learn Chinese wel

38、l without making great effort.One cannot make bricks without straw. 巧婦難為無米之炊。There will be no rain without wind. 沒有風哪有雨。I wouldnt have succeeded to pass the exam without your help.沒有你的幫助我不可能取得成功。概念提示重點/熱點1：make a difference 造成差別，有影響(1) make a big difference = make much difference 造成很大差別(2) make no /

39、 little difference 沒有差別(3) make some / any difference 有些差別Who will win makes no difference to me.誰將獲勝對于我來說沒什么兩樣。It makes no difference to me who will win.誰將獲勝對我來說毫無差別。Does it make any difference whether he will come?他來不來會有差別嗎?易混易錯點1：worth ; worthy; worth whileworth (1)be worth +doing值得做必須用動名詞主動表示被動T

40、his idea is well worth considering.這個想法值得考慮。（2）be worth +表示錢數(shù)的名詞或相當于“代價”的比喻性名詞This second-hand car is worth $2000 at the most.這輛二手車最多值2000美元。Hawaii is a beautiful place for traveling and worth a visit.夏威夷是個旅游勝地，值得一游。（3）worth還可以做名詞表示價值多少錢的什么東西。 buy thirty dollars worth of eggsWorthy: (1)be worthy of

41、+ n. （2）be worthy of being done（3）be worthy to be doneThe article is worthy of careful study. 這篇文章值得細讀。=The article is worthy of being studied carefully.=The article is worthy to be studied carefully.=The article is worth studying carefully.worth while: worth while可以有三種書寫形式：worth while，worth-while，w

42、orthwhile.It is worth (ones )while to do sth = It is worth (ones) while doing sth講題組課內(nèi)題例與課后題：課內(nèi)題例1._ to the cause of the education, the teacher had no time to have a rest.A. Devoted B. Devoting C. To D. Having devoted變式1. _himself to the cause of the education, the teacher had no time to have a rest

43、.A. Devoted B. Devoting C. To D. Having devoted變式2.First of all, I respected his _ to teaching.A. attention B. introduction C. relation D. devotion解析：1. 該題主要考查be devoted to 這一短語，可以恢復為Because he was devoted to the cause of the education,然后采用省略知識；答案：A變式1. 該題主要考查devote oneself 這一短語，可以恢復為Because he devo

44、ted himself to the cause of the education, 然后采用省略知識；可以得出正確答案。答案：A變式2. 解析: devote的名詞形式是devotion，意思是：獻身；奉獻；忠誠；熱心，專心也應該和介詞 to 搭配。答案為D2. -The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.-Yes. But Im sure something will be done to_ air pollution.A. reduce B. remove C. collect D. warn變式1.The numb

45、er of students in our class has been reduced _10 .90A. to ; by B. to ; to C. by; by D. by ; to變式2. The poor man was reduced _in the street.A. to beg B. to begging C. begging D .begged解析：2. 根據(jù)題意“汽車向街道排放出大量的廢氣。是的，但我確信將采取某些措施來減少空氣污染”，以及四個選項的詞義，此處應選A. 答案：A變式1. 與reduce連用to表示降低到什么程度；by表示降低了多少。答案：D變式2. red

46、uce sb. to sth./ doing sth. 使某人陷入某種境況之中。其中to 為介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。所以答案為：B3. What measures were _ to reduce the air pollution in that area then?A. acted B. taken C. given D. done變式1. We must take _ to protect the earth.Astep B. measure C. action D. plan解析：3. 采取措施：take measures，本題用于被動語態(tài)。答案：B.變式1. 采取措施共有3種方法(1

47、)take measures; (2)take steps (3)take action .所以答案為：C4. The evidence he gave the police led to _.A. that the thief was caught B. the thief being caughtC. the thief to being caught D . the thief been caught變式1. The Party leads us _.A. to build the socialism B. in building the socialismC . to building

48、 the socialism D. in building the socialism變式2.What the teacher said led us_.A. thinking B. to think C. to be thought D. think解析：1. lead to 導致；通向；其中to 為介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。小偷與抓之間是被動關系，并且the thief做了 being caught的邏輯主語。所以答案為：B變式2. lead可以解釋成“領導;指揮;率領”結(jié)構(gòu)為：lead sb. In doing sth.或lead sb. In 介詞短語。一定不能用“l(fā)ead sb. to

49、 do sth.”這個結(jié)構(gòu)。所以答案為：B變式2. 考查lead sb. to do sth. 致使某人去做某事。所以答案為：B5.Does _ make a difference to let children read more books?A. it B. that C. as D what變式1. What you do in your own way _ great difference to others sometimes.A. senses B. takes C. makes D. does解析：5. it 為形式主語真正主語是“to let children read mor

50、e books。”所以答案為：A變式1.考查“make a/no/great difference to sb.”所以答案為：C6. When he arrives at a new place, he can always _ to the new environment.A. adapt B. turn C. adopt D. agree變式1. The novel has been _ for students to read.A. adapted B. adjusted C. adopted D. agreed解析：6. adapt (oneself) to 可以做“適應”；如果用D則

51、要寫成the new environment agree with him. 所以答案為：A變式1. 改編,改寫 例如：The author is going to adapt his play for television.作者將把他的劇本改編成電視劇。由此可知答案為A課后題：1. The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _ I did.A. as much as B. as long asC. as soon as D. as far as3. Not only _ the jewelry she

52、 _ been sold for her sons gambling debts but also her house.A. is； has B. has； had C. has； has D. 不填； has2. Were just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk.A. where B. that C. when D. which4. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stor

53、es.A. join B. attract C. stick D. transfer5. Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had his leg.A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck解析 ：1. as much as (和一樣多)符合題意：“我越想他就越發(fā)現(xiàn)有更多的理由讓我像從前一樣地愛他?！贝鸢笧锳2. where引導的是一個定語從句，where在從句中作狀語，表示地點，point是先行詞。而when作時間狀語；that或which在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。答案：A3. 此題中由于Not on

54、ly置于句首，故用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。第一個has為助動詞，是句中謂語動詞has been sold中has的提前。第二個has屬于定語從句；為實義動詞，表示“有”的意思。本句的意思為：不但是她所有的珠寶，而且還有她的房子都被賣掉來還她兒子的賭債了。答案為C項。4考查動詞詞義辨析。Join“參加”；attract“吸引”；stick“被刺中；堅持”；transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)讓”。答案：B5. hurt意為“傷害，刺痛”，常指肉體上或精神上受到傷害，尤指打傷、刺傷，強調(diào)痛苦的后果，但不十分嚴重。表明Mike在踢足球時受了傷。答案：B課后練習題A組：1. Although the working mo

55、ther is very busy, she still _ a lot of time to children.A. devotes B. spends C. offers D. provides2. It seemed that he was _ losing his life. Luckily, he was _ in the end.A. in the danger of; out of dangerB. in danger of; out of dangerC. in the danger of; out of the dangerD. in danger of; out of th

56、e danger3. Maggie has been fortunate to find a job she loves and, _ , she gets well paid for it.A. sooner or later B. whats more C. as a result D. more or less4. More patients _ in hospital this year than last year.A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated5. John may phone ton

57、ight, I dont want to go out _ he phones.A .in caseB .in that caseC. so thatD. in time6. They have a lot _ and become good friends.A. in case B. in common C. in surprise D. in peace7. -The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.-Yes. But Im sure something will be done to_ air pollutionA

58、. reduce B. remove C. collect D. warn8. .She spent as much time as she _ the poor.A. could to help B. could helping C. was able to help D. wanted to help9. A thief is _ danger to _ society.A. the; the B. a; a C. a; / D. /; the10. The following day she didnt go to the club. _ she took a short walk in

59、 a park nearby.A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Besides解析：1. 根據(jù)語境，“盡管母親工作忙，她仍然把好多時間用在孩子身上”。四個選項中只有devote和spend可以表示“某人花時間”，而spend 用于spend time （in） doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，所以此處應用devote ones time to （把時間用于）。答案：A2. 分析：根據(jù)句意：看起來他似乎有失去工作的危險，幸運的是，他最終脫離了險境。in danger of doing sth.有的危險，其反義詞為out of danger。答案：B3. 分析：

60、“sooner or later”意為“遲早”，“as a result”意為“結(jié)果”，“more or less”意為“或多或少”。根據(jù)題意： “Maggie很幸運找到了她喜歡的工作，而且報酬也不錯”，此處應選“whats more”（而且），做插入語。答案：B4. patients與treat之間存在被動關系，應使用被動語態(tài)，故排除A項和B項；由時間狀語this year可判斷，應使用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，故選D。答案：D5. in that case 和in time后面不能接從句;so that后面的從句應加情態(tài)動詞。故選A。答案：A6. 根據(jù)句意：他們有許多共同之處，成了好朋友。應搭配成have a lot in common。答案：B7. 根據(jù)題意“汽車向街道排放出大量的廢氣。是的，但我確信將采取某些措施來減少空氣污染”，以及四個選項的詞義，此處應選A.答案：A8. spend some time (in) doing 花時間做某事。答案：B9. 此處danger意思為“危險物或有威脅的人”，是可數(shù)名詞，前面加不定冠詞；society當社會講時，前不加冠詞。答案：C10. . th