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1、Unit 1 Festivals around the world導讀：情人節(jié)，又稱“圣瓦倫丁節(jié)”。起源于古代羅馬，于每年2月14日舉行，現(xiàn)已成為歐美各國青年人喜愛的節(jié)日。隨著改革開放，這一節(jié)日也備受中國青年的喜愛，逐漸成為中國年輕人的重大節(jié)日。你想了解“情人節(jié)”嗎？The origin of Valentines DayBy DustinThe origin of Valentines Day couldnt be proved historically, and here is one of the stories.Saint Valentine is the name of a grea

2、t priest during the reign(統(tǒng)治)of Emperor Claudius. At that time Emperor Claudius found it difficult to get soldiers. He believed the reason was that Roman men did not want to leave their wives or families, so he declared that no more marriages could be performed and all engagements(婚約)were cancelled(

3、取消)Valentine thought this to be unfair and secretly married several couples, for which finally he was put in prison. There he cured a jailers(獄卒)blind daughter, which made Claudius angry and he was executed(處死)on February 14, 270 AD. Before his execution, he sent her a note saying, “From your Valent

4、ine”. The phrase is still widely used on Valentines Day today.In 496 AD, Pope Gelasius declared(宣告)February 14 the Valentines Day, a day for celebrating love, in the name of St. Valentine. But it was not until 1537 that St.Valentines day became an official holiday by Englands King Henry . It was ano

5、ther century and a half before religious cards became nonreligious cards to reflect the change in the holiday.From then on, in memory of Saint Valentine, every year on February 14th is Valentines Day, a day for celebrating love.請根據(jù)語義及提示寫出單詞1. You can not _(指望)me to do everything.2. The museum was bu

6、ilt in m_ of the famous scientist.3. Thank you for r_ me of the time!4. Jack has passed his examination, so were going out to _(慶祝).5. The school is widely _(admiration) for its excellent teaching.6. The children were wearing traditional _(民族的) dress.7. There is no doubt that the basic needs of the

7、people should be _(滿足) first.8. The countrys economy is mainly a_ and depends on crops like coffee.9. Heavy snow promises a _(豐收) year.10. I hate the smell of paint when Im _(裝潢).expect 2. memory3. reminding4. celebrate5. admired6. national7. satisfied 8. agricultural9. harvest10. decorating請根據(jù)語義寫出短

8、語1. take _ 發(fā)生2. in _ of 紀念；追念3. lead_ 帶領某人去4. _ the shape of 呈現(xiàn)某種形狀5. dress _ 盛裝；打扮；裝飾6. _ a trick on sb. 搞惡作劇；詐騙；開玩笑7. look _ to 期望；期待；盼望8. have _ with 玩得開心9. be _ of 為自豪10. turn _ 出現(xiàn)；到場11. _ ones word 守信用；履行諾言12. _ ones breath 屏息；屏氣13. fall in _ with 和相愛14. be/get _ to 和結婚15. set off _ sp. 動身去某地16

9、. _ sb. of sth. 使某人想起place 2. memory 3. to 4. in5. Up 6. play 7. forward8. fun9. proud10. up 11. keep 12. hold13. love 14. married15. for 16. remind1. Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. (P2)2. It was obvious that the

10、 manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave (P7) mean (meant, meant)v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) What does the word “mean” mean in this contest?(2) Do you mean to go to his party without any coin?(3) Doing nothing means gaining nothing.根據(jù)語義找匹配意思是B. 意味著C. 打算做(1)A(2) C(3)B鏈接mean adj. 吝嗇的、自私的；社會地位低下的m

11、eaning n. 意思meaningful adj. 有意義的；意義深遠的；淺顯易懂的meaningless adj. 沒意義的；不重要的meantime adv. 同時meanwhile adv. 與此同時means n. 方式；方法；途徑 (單、復數(shù)相同)短語be meant to do sth. 要做；必須做mean sb. for 想要某人成為mean sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事be meant for 注定成為； 打算作用mean to do sth. 打算做沒事mean doing sth. 意味著做某事meant to do sth. 過去打算做某事(可能做，

12、也可能不做)meant to have done sth.過去打算做某事而實際上并未做by no means 絕不 (放在居首，要用倒裝句，形式是部分倒裝)by means of 借助于；用方法by any means 不顧一切；不惜任何方式by all means 用盡一切辦法mean nothing to 對毫無意義(興趣)單項填空() Did you go to her birthday party? I _， but I had to work extra hours to finish my homework.A. would B. meant toC. did D. would l

13、ike toB本題考查的是虛擬語氣在具體語言環(huán)境中的運用。通過題干語義所體現(xiàn)的是對過去所發(fā)生的事情的虛擬表達，按常規(guī)它應該使用would have done sth.表示“過去該做的事情而實際上并未做到”。答案A 應該是would have才對，但它并不是。meant to 則有著這一用法，所以答案是B。根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) We will do everything we can to satisfy every student.(2) You cant apply for the job unless satisfying all conditions. satisfy v.根據(jù)語義找匹配

14、滿足B. 使?jié)M意(1) B(2)A鏈接satisfied adj. 滿意的；滿足的satisfying adj. 令人滿意(滿足)的；圓滿的satisfactory adj. 令人滿意(滿足)的；圓滿的短語be satisfied with 對感到滿意單項填空()Her _ performance made me _， so there was_ expression on my face.A. satisfying; satisfied; satisfiedB. satisfied; satisfied; satisfiedC. satisfied; satisfying; satisfyi

15、ngD. satisfying; satisfied; satisfyingA本題考查的是“情感反應”動詞的ing與ed作為形容詞的語義區(qū)別。本句的語義是：她那令人滿意的表演使我感到滿意，于是我的臉上就露出滿意的笑容。第一個空所表達的是“令人滿意的”；第二、三個空所表達的是“滿意的”，所以答案是A。溫馨提示(1) satisfy是一種“情感反應”的動詞。凡是這一類的動詞，其ed和ing形式都可以用作形容詞，它們在句中的作用基本相同，它們的區(qū)別一般可以通過語義加以辨別： “令人；令人感到”用ing形式； “感到”或表示該詞的本義時，用ed形式； 由于自身情感活動而流露出的感情、表情或神色，用ed

16、形式； 在to ones n. 結構中，一定用其相應的名詞形式；(2) satisfying 一般用作定語； satisfactory 一般用作表語。 gain v. & n.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) He has gained a lot from his teachers.(2) He gained a great deal in the foreign trade.(3) So long as you work hard, you will gain what you expect to. As the saying goes, no pains, no gains.根據(jù)語義找匹配收益；利益

17、B. 賺得C. 獲得(1) C(2) B(3) A單項填空()_ private hospitals are operating purely for _， how can we be sure they treat the patient best?A. While; honor B. Once; serviceC. If; gain D. Though; incomeC本題考查的是連詞的使用以及名詞的辨析。通過語境，我們體會出本題的語義是：如果私立醫(yī)院只是為賺錢而開設的，那我們怎能相信他們會更好地善待病人呢？ 它所體現(xiàn)出的邏輯關系的是條件，第二個空是“獲利”的意思，所以答案是C。 gath

18、er v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) We are to gather at the school gate at 7：30 tomorrow morning.(2) Dark clouds is gathering and the north wind is whistling which promise that a storm is drawing near.(1)A(2)B根據(jù)語義找匹配集合，聚集B. 積聚辨析gather/collectgather一般強調(diào)同一種事物由少積多的收集。We should pay attention to gathering materials for our

19、composition in reading.collect 強調(diào)為了某種目的而有選擇地、有計劃地、認真地“收集”。My hobby is collecting stamps.用gather/collect填空(1) It was late August and the harvest had been well _(收獲)in.(2) The teachers _(聚集)all the students in the dining hall during the earthquake.(1) gathered本題的語義是：這已是晚秋，莊稼已被妥善地收起來。由于該單詞用在被動語態(tài)中，表示“收獲

20、”之意，所以答案為gathered。(2) gathered 本句的語義是：在地震期間，老師們把所有的學生都聚集在餐廳里。又由于陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，因此答案為gathered。 award n.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) He got the first award in saving the flooded people.(2) He is awarded a gold medal for working in the field of education for sixty years.根據(jù)語義找匹配授予的獎B. 獎勵；獎品(1)B(2)A完成句子He has been given Educ

21、ational Development _(獎)in 2020;2020 due to the contribution to education.Award本題的語義是：由于他對教育的貢獻，他被授予2020;2020年度“教育發(fā)展獎”。強調(diào)的是“獎勵的名稱”，由于是專有名詞，所以答案是Award。溫馨提示作為動詞，我們要特別注意它們的句式搭配：award sb. sth. 獎賞某人某物reward sb. for sth. 因獎賞某人reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人 admire v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) Its the custom for Chinese to a

22、dmire the moon on Midautumn Day.(2) I admire him for his success.根據(jù)語義找匹配欽佩；羨慕 B. 贊美；欣賞(1) B(2) A鏈接admiration n. 欽佩；贊美；羨慕admirer n. 贊美者；愛慕者；崇拜者admiring adj. 佩服的，稱贊的admirable adj. 值得稱贊的；可嘆為觀止的短語admire sb. for 因某事佩服某人的單項填空()(1)More young people continued to make their way up the mountain to _ the brigh

23、tly shining moon.A. follow B. showC. notice D. admireD此處admire指“欣賞”，follow“跟隨”； show “展示”；notice“無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”均與題意不符，所以答案是D。完成句子(2)Faced with the dangerous situation, he rushed into the burning house to rescue the child. I _(佩服他的勇氣)admire him for his courage根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) He is full of fun.(2) We had a lot of

24、fun at the party.(3) Its great fun working with him. fun n&adj.根據(jù)語義找匹配娛樂；樂趣B. 有趣的事或人C. 嬉戲；玩笑(1) C(2) A(3) B鏈接funny adj. 可笑的；滑稽的；古怪的短語for/in fun 鬧著玩地；不當真地make fun of 取笑；拿(某人)開玩笑have fun 玩得開心；玩得愉快； (祝福語)祝你玩得開心。單項填空()_it is to have a break between classes!A. What a great fun B. What great funC. How fun

25、 D. How funnyB本題考查的是：fun與funny區(qū)分和fun作為名詞前的冠詞問題。通過語境語義反映出的是“課間能稍事休息是一件多么愜意的事情?。　倍皇恰盎尚Φ摹?，作為名詞其前一般是不加冠詞的，所以答案是B。溫馨提示fun在中學階段是一個不帶冠詞的名詞，而我們的考試往往會考其前的冠詞問題，所以遇到此類問題時，一般地我們就選不帶冠詞的選項。當然我們還要通過語境語義正確的使用形容詞funny。根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) We fight for the honour of our country.(2) We should show respect to every student, b

26、ecause they have a fine sense of honour. (3) Its a great honour to have been asked here to make a speech to you all. honour n. & v.根據(jù)語義找匹配榮幸的事、榮耀的事B. 榮譽C. 自尊心(1) B(2) C(3) A短語in honour of 為了紀念；為了向表示敬意on ones honour 以榮譽作為擔保do the honours 盡地主之誼have the honour to do sth. 有幸做某事be honoured as 被尊稱為句型Will

27、you honour me with a visit? 如蒙光臨，十分榮幸。/可否請您光臨？Its a great honour to do sth. 做倍感榮幸單項填空()(1) There is a party tonight _ our new English teacher, Tom.A. in memory of B. in place ofC. in honour of D. in favor ofC考查名詞詞組的辨析。in memory of為了紀念(一般用于對已故的人); in place of代替；in honour of 為了向某人表示敬意；in favor of 同意。根

28、據(jù)語境：舉辦聚會是向新老師表示敬意，所以答案是C。()(2) Its _ great honour for us to fight for _honour of our country.A. a; / B. a; theC. /; the D. a; aB考查冠詞的用法。honour在此是抽象名詞具體化，表示“一件非常榮幸的事”，用不定冠詞。在表示“榮譽”時，honour是可數(shù)名詞，因指國家榮譽，是特指，所以用定冠詞，故答案是B。根據(jù)語境猜詞義The film (1) reminded me of my childhood, which always (2) reminds me to wor

29、k hard. remind v.根據(jù)語義找匹配使某人想起了B. 提醒(1) A(2) B句型remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起了remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb. that 提醒某人單項填空()(1) In our childhood, we were often _ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.A. demanded B. remindedC. allowed D. hopedB句意：在我們童年時代，奶奶經(jīng)常提醒我們要注意吃飯禮儀。一般地，當題干部分是被動語態(tài)時，

30、我們最好先用還原法把被動語態(tài)中的主語還原到其賓語位置上，然后在尋求動詞在句中的搭配關系，這樣我們就能把demand和hope排除，因為這兩個動詞都不能用demand /hope sb. to do sth.表達；再通過語境語義，我們可以體會出是經(jīng)常“提醒”的意思，所以答案是B。完成句子(2) 他的話使我想起昨天發(fā)生的一件事。What he said _ a thing that happened yesterday.(3) 他足不出戶便知天下事。He stays indoors, _ everything in the world.(2) reminded me of(3) reminded

31、of / known溫馨提示(1) 在使用“使某人想起了”這一句式，中國學生特別會受到漢語的影響而使用漢語式的表達make sb. think of，這是錯誤的，因此我們在使用過程中，務必注意這一點。(2) 常用 “動詞 sb. of 名詞”句型的還有：warn / accuse/ cure/ suspect/rob sb. of根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) Who knows when the opening ceremony of the new term will take place?(2) Great changes have taken place in our school after

32、many years of hard work. take place根據(jù)語義找匹配發(fā)生 B. 舉行(1) B(2) A短語take the place of 代替take ones place 代替某人；坐下in place of 代替in place 放在原來的位置；原地in ones place 處于某人的位置；為某人設身處地地想想out of place 不合適；不恰當；格格不入give place to 讓位于辨析take place/happen/occur/come about/break outtake place的“發(fā)生、舉行”大都側重于安排或按計劃所發(fā)生的事情。A Supe

33、r Boy concert will take place in the square tonight.happen 側重于“偶發(fā)”，不可預料的事情的“發(fā)生”。這時可與occur互換。happen to do sth. 或it happened that表示“碰巧做某事”時不能與occur 互換。I was crossing the street when a traffic accident happened.It happened that I wasnt there when the earthquake happened.occur 比較正式，所指的事件和時間比較明確。 occur t

34、o sb.“某人突然想起某事”，這時不能用happen代替。Can you tell me when on earth the accident occurred?It occurs to me that we still have a lot of things to e about常指偶然發(fā)生的事情，且很多時候與how 連用。How did it come about that he left school?break out 常指“戰(zhàn)爭、疫病或火災”的突然發(fā)生。EV71 broke out in China in the spring of 2020;2020.單項填空()(1) Sud

35、denly it _ to me that we should do what we could to collect money for the poor college students.A. happened B. took placeC. occurred D. came aboutC本題考查的是關于“發(fā)生”意義的詞的區(qū)別。通過題干所表現(xiàn)出的語義是“計上心頭”之意，所以答案是C。()(2) It _ that I was out when he came to see me.A. happened B. took placeC. occurred D. came aboutA本題考查的

36、是關于“發(fā)生”意義的詞的區(qū)別。通過題干所表現(xiàn)出的語義是“碰巧”之意，所以答案是A。用happen / occur / come about / take place的正確形式完成句子(3) Didnt it _ to you to phone them about it?(4) In 1919, the May 4th Movement _ in China.(5) Ill never understand how it _ that you were late for the meeting.(6) An accident _ to him yesterday.(3)occur (4)too

37、k place (5)come about (6)happened根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) Im looking forward to your reply soon.(2) Its time for us to look back and look forward. look forward to根據(jù)語義找匹配盼望；期盼B. 展望(1) A(2) B短語look at 看著look about/around 環(huán)顧；向四周看look after 照顧；照料look ahead 考慮未來look back (vi.) 朝后看；回顧；回想look back on (vt.) 回顧look down (

38、vi.) 向下看；俯視；鳥瞰look down on/upon 看不起；蔑視look for 尋找look into 調(diào)查look like 看起來像look on 袖手旁觀look onas 把看做look out 向外看；(警告用語)當心look over 檢查；檢閱look through 向里看；瀏覽；快速查看look up 向上看；仰望；抬頭看look up at 抬頭看見look up to 尊敬溫馨提示look forward to的to 是介詞，當其后接動詞時要用其ing形式。介詞to構成的常用短語還有：pay attention to 注意get down to 著手做； 開

39、始做object to 反對devote oneself / ones life to 致力于contribute ones life to 獻身于be used to 習慣做lead to 導致做set to 開始做完成句子(1) Dont worry. We are _(調(diào)查) the case. In the near future, well tell you the truth.(2) When he _(抬頭看), he found his teacher standing in front of him.(1) looking into(2) looked up單項填空()(3)

40、 No one likes _.A. looking down uponB. being looked down uponC. being looked downD. to be looked downB考查動詞短語的搭配?！翱床黄稹钡膭釉~短語搭配是look down upon，此處用其被動形式，所以答案是B。()(4) (2020;2020安徽) No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone _ you wishing they were that high.A. getting rid of B. gett

41、ing along withC. looking up to D. looking down uponC考查動詞短語的辨析。 get rid of 去除；look up to 尊敬，賞識；look down upon看不起；get along with 與某人相處。根據(jù)語境：不管你把自己想得多低，總有人尊敬你，希望他們能有你那么高的地位。所以答案是C。()(5) Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look around B. look intoC. look up D

42、. look throughD考查動詞短語。該句意思是“請你為我檢查一下文章看是否有明顯錯誤”。look through可表示“檢查，瀏覽”之意。look around“環(huán)顧”，look into“調(diào)查”，look up“抬頭看，查閱”。根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1) We waited and waited, but he didnt turn up.(2) I cant hear the news well, would you please turn the radio up?(3) Dont worry about the letter. Im sure itll turn up.(4) As

43、long as you keep on working hard, Im sure that hope will turn up. turn up根據(jù)語義找匹配(指機會)偶然出現(xiàn)(到來)B. (尤指失去后偶然)被發(fā)現(xiàn)；被找到 (不用于被動語態(tài))C. (人的)來到，露面D. 調(diào)高(音量、熱量等)(1) C(2) D(3) B(4) A短語turn down (把音量)關??； 拒絕(觀點、意見、看法等)turn on 打開(電源、水龍頭、煤氣等)turn off 關閉(電源、水龍頭、煤氣等)turn around 轉過身；完全改變(見解、主張)turn against 背叛turn back 折回

44、；把趕回turn in 上交(物品)turn into 變成turn out 證明(不用于被動語態(tài))；結果；生產(chǎn)出、出版；造就turn over 翻轉；仔細考慮；移交(工作)；轉讓(公司)turn to 求助；查閱；轉向；翻到(書的某頁、某章)by turns 輪流in ones turn 輪到某人in turn 依次單項填空()(1) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt quite _ as planned.A. make out B. turn outC. go on D. come upB句意：我們原想在天黑前回到家，但結果并不

45、像原來計劃地那樣。make out 看出，辨認出；開(支票、賬單等)；go on 繼續(xù)；come up 提出； turn out 結果是，所以答案是B。()(2) I feel really disappointed not to have got that job. Dont worry. Maybe something better will _.A. go by B. take onC. turn up D. fall downC句意：沒有搞到那份工作，我真的很失望。別擔心，可能有更好的工作出現(xiàn)。go by 從旁經(jīng)過，(時間的)流逝；take on呈現(xiàn)，承擔(工作、責任)；fall do

46、wn 掉下，摔下；turn up(指機會)偶然出現(xiàn)(到來)，所以答案是C。()(3) Though there are some differences between American education and Chinese education, both systems are _ excellent graduates.A. turning out B. turning awayC. turning off D. turning inA句意：雖然中美教育有些不同，但是這兩種制度都能造就出優(yōu)秀的大學畢業(yè)生。在本句語境中它所體現(xiàn)的是“造就出”的意思，所以答案是A。用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空(

47、4) It turned _ that she was a friend of my sister.(5) She has nobody she can turn _.(6) We arranged to meet at 7：30, but she never turned _.(7) He asked her to marry him but she turned him _.(8) Brown the meat on one side, then turn it _ and brown the other side.(4)out(5)to(6)up(7)down(8)overYou mus

48、t believe in him, because he always keeps his word.根據(jù)語境語義keep ones word意思是_，反義詞組是_。守信、守諾，說話算話；break ones word keep ones word/promise短語have a word with 跟某人說句話have words with 與某人吵架get in a word 插話eat ones word 收回前言；承認自己說錯了leave word 留言，留話in a word 總之，總而言之in words 用言語in other words 換句話說in ones own word

49、 用自己的話說word for word 逐句地，一字不差地word by word 逐字地beyond words 無法用言語表達地單項填空()Richard insisted the United States was larger than China, but he had to _ when Elizabeth showed him the map.A. keep his word B. have a wordC. eat his word D. get a wordC本句的語義是：理查德堅持認為美國比中國大，但是當伊麗莎白拿出地圖給他看時，他不得不承認說錯了。根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)

50、I set off for the company earlier in order to avoid the heavy traffic.(2) The villagers set off fireworks to celebrate the successful completion of the power station.(3) His advice set me off doing morning exercises every day. set off根據(jù)語義找匹配燃放B. 動身、出發(fā)C. 使開始(1)B(2)A(3)C短語set about sth. / doing sth. 著

51、手做set aside 儲蓄；保留；留出set out 動身；出發(fā)；列舉；評述set out to do sth. 著手做set sb. free 釋放某人set sb. at ease 安定某人的情緒set sb. on ones feet 使某人站起來；使某人自立set a good example to sb. 給某人樹立好榜樣set up 搭起，支起；建立；成立set the world record 刷新世界紀錄單項填空()(1) The further falling of the stock market as reported today has _ a fresh wave

52、of selling.A. set off B. given offC. put off D. got offA句意：據(jù)今天報道，股市進一步下跌引起新一輪的拋售熱潮。give off 發(fā)出；put off 推遲；get off 下(車、船等)，都與題意不符，只有set off有“引發(fā)，激起”之意，所以答案是A。()(2) I try to _ 20 minutes to listen to English each day in order to be a volunteer of the 29th Beijing Olympic Games.A. set out B. set aside C

53、. set off D. set aboutB句意：為了成為第29屆北京奧運會志愿者我每天擠出20分鐘聽英語。set out 出發(fā)，列舉；set aside 儲蓄，保留，留出；set off 出發(fā)，引起，引爆；set about 開始做，所以答案是B。你知道“動身去某地”怎么表達嗎？_set out for; start (out); leave for; head for; sail for。我們一定要注意這里的“去”不能用to，而用for。 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who

54、 might return either to help or to do harm.(P2)有些節(jié)日的慶祝是為了紀念逝者或取悅祖先，使之滿足，因為(祖先)可能回到人間要么幫助他們，要么禍害他們。eitheror是并列連詞，引導一個并列句，表示“要么要么；或者或者”之意。在使用中，我們要注意兩個問題：(1) 連接的句子成分必須是相同的。She is one of those people that you either love or hate.她是那種人們非愛即恨的人。Either you go out or I will call the police.要么你滾出去，要么我就叫警察。 ei

55、ther or(2) 連接兩個主語時，采用的是就近原則，即和它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Either you or I am in charge of the company.非你即我負責這家公司。鏈接 主謂一致之就近原則還包括neithernor； not onlybut (also)和there be句式。 whetheror引導讓步狀語從句或名詞性從句，表示“不管(無論)還是”。Whether you will stay or leave is none of my business.你是走還是留下都不關我的事。Whether it will be sunny or rainy, well go to help you.無論天是晴還是陰，我們都會去幫助你的。