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1、四川省丹棱縣2020高考英語二輪閱讀理解基礎訓練【2】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項中，選出最佳選項。The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going, youd expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit

2、 each others countries at a moderate cost. What was once the grand tour, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybodys grasp? The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old da

3、ys couldnt have dreamed of. But whats the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much co

4、ntact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. T

5、he tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and

6、 hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips. The sad thing about this situation is that it l

7、eads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We dont see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them w

8、ith these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those w

9、hich confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites of that Latin peoples shout a lot. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you ma

10、ke foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you? Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic facthow trite it sounds! That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the

11、 same time all unique.1.The best title for this passage is A tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations.Tourism is tiresome.C Conducted tour is dull.D tourism really does something to ones country.2.What is the authors attitude toward tourism?A apprehensive.negative.C cr

12、itical.D appreciative.3.Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shout a lot?A silent.noisy.C lively.D active.4.The purpose of the authors criticism is to point outA conducted tour is disappointing.the way of touring should be changed.C when traveling, you notice characteris

13、tics which confirm preconception.D national stereotypes should be changed.5.What is grand tour now?A moderate cost.local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization.C people enjoy the first-rate comforts.D everybody can enjoy the grand tour.Vocabulary1.superb 卓越的，杰出的，第一流的2.moderate 中庸的，

14、中等的，適度的3.grand tour 大旅行，指舊時英國富家子弟教育中， 到歐洲大陸觀光的旅行，為學業(yè)必經(jīng)階段。4.package tour 由旅行社代辦而費用與路線、 日程固定的假日旅游。也可用package holiday。5.chartered flight 包機航班6.set out to do sth. = begin a job with a particular aim開始做某事， 決心/打算做7.cosset 寵愛，溺愛，縱容8.conducted tour = guided tour 有人指導/引到下的參觀，有導游的旅游 9.censor 檢查10.wander off 離

15、開原處/正道，離群，漫步，漫游11.quarters 住處，營12.paella 西班牙什錦飯13.chip 炸馬鈴薯條（土豆條）14.amorous 多情的，色情的15.pedantic 學究式的，賣弄學問的16.generalization 歸納，概括17.stir up 惹起，煽動，挑起18.trite 陳腐的，老一套的難句譯注1.What was once the grand tour, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybodys grasp.【結構簡析】within sb.s grasp.某人理解/了解，為某人所

16、能抓到的?！緟⒖甲g文】一度只有最富有者專享的“大旅行”現(xiàn)在人人都可獲得。2.The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at.【參考譯文】旅行社包辦的旅游，包機航班決不會遭人恥笑。3.They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population.【參考譯文】旅行社有意使他們的谷底和當?shù)鼐用裆俳佑|。4.The modern tourist heads a cosseted shelte

17、red life.【參考譯文】現(xiàn)代旅行者過的使愛護有加與世隔絕的生活。5.Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored.【參考譯文】有人指導下參觀一些靜電收到組織者旅行社仔細的檢查核準。6.A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this

18、 way.【結構簡析】only too + 形容詞/分詞 = very非常?！緟⒖甲g文】嚴格致密的計劃值得旅行者不可能自己一個人到處閑逛；再說，至少語言總是個障礙，所以他對這樣保護非常高興。7.At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization.【結構簡析】at ones worst 在情況最壞的時候?！緟⒖甲g文】最糟的時候，這種保護會導致形成一種新型而又可怕的殖民現(xiàn)象。8.Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous.【結

19、構簡析】carried to an extreme (to an excess )如果做得過分?！緟⒖甲g文】如果走向極端，模式化的想法會非常危險。9.Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact.【參考譯文】野蠻（亂七八糟）的概括/歸納會激起種族仇恨，使我們對這基本事實視而不見。寫作方法與文章大意文章主要采用因果寫法。雖然旅游業(yè)發(fā)展，人們可享受以前只有最富有者享受的大旅游，但由于旅行社種種限制/呵護及其它，使旅游者難以和當?shù)鼐用窠佑|。陳舊的固定的想對民族的模式化想法，只有通過接觸才能接觸模式。

20、而旅行社的種種都使人相互難以理解。答案詳解1.A 旅游對增進民族了解毫無建樹。第二段開始點出，許多旅游組織直接負責旅游事宜，他們有意識不讓旅游者接觸當?shù)鼐用?，讓他們過著一種關懷備至又與世隔絕的生活。住的是國際飯店，吃的是國際食品，喝的是國際飲料，在原處觀看當?shù)鼐用瘛栏裼行虻挠媱澥孤糜握唠y以自己一人閑逛，語言的障礙，又使他們樂意接受保護。第三段涉及堅持民族模式化老一套的想法，所以一開始旅游，你見到的民族特性就只是證實了你自己設想的基本事實所有人民都是人類。只有交朋友才能知道民族模式是多么荒謬、有害，可是旅行社竭力制止，你又怎么能交上外國朋友呢？這一切說明A項對。B.旅游很累。C.導游觀光很單調

21、乏味。D.旅游確實對國家有貢獻。2.C 批評。3.B 吵吵鬧鬧的。4.B 旅游的方式應改變。整篇文章（除第一段外）都環(huán)繞旅游方式不理想來進行批評。第二段集中在導游觀光使旅游者難以和當?shù)厝嗣窠佑|。第三段，見到的只是證實了旅游者本人事先形成的思想/先入之見，旅游根本達不到了解對方的目的。第四段講了民族固定模式（先入之見的模式）的可怕后果。要使人懂得所有的人們都是人類，彼此相似，又各具特點，就得改變旅游的方式。A.導游觀光令人失望。C.旅游時，你見到的 特性證實了你的先入之見。D.民族模式應當改變。這三條都是批評的具體內(nèi)容。5.D 人人都能享受大旅游。大旅行是專指英國富家子弟上學中的一門課程到歐洲大

22、陸觀光。不是人人都能享受。這里用grand tour表示人人都能享受類似grand tour的一切，甚至超過，如第一段指出：現(xiàn)代旅游者享受的舒適設施，達到了大旅行中老爺、小姐們做夢都沒有想到的水平。海陸空高級交流聯(lián)絡通訊系統(tǒng)，使人們有可能錢花得不多就能訪問、觀光別的國家。所以說，曾是有錢人專享的大旅行，普通人也能領略?！癵rand tour”有引號，表明作為比喻。A.費用不高。文內(nèi)是費用合適、中等、恰當。B.當?shù)赜^光受組織審查。C.人們喜歡一流舒適設施。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。【山東省泰安市2020第一輪質檢試題】ANels

23、on Mandela was a figure of international fame，and many details of his life and career were public knowledgeBut here are some things you may not have known about himIn his youth，Mandela enjoyed boxingEven during the 27 years he spent in prison，he would exercise every morning“I did not enjoy the viole

24、nce of boxing so much as the science of itBoxing is equalI never did any real fighting after I entered politicsMy main interest was in training，”he wrote in his autobiography Long Walk to FreedomAmong the memorabilia in the Mandela Family Museum in Soweto，visitors call find the world championship be

25、lt given to Mandela by American boxer Sugar Ray Leonard.Rolihlahla Mandela was nine years old when a teacher at the primary Methodist school where he was studying,gave him an English nameNelsonin accordance with the custom to give all school children Christian namesRolihlahla is not a common name in

26、 South AfricaIt means“troublemaker”His circumcision name was Dalibunga，meaning“founder of the Bunga”However,in South Africa,Mr Mandela was often called by his clan(宗族)nameMadibawhich South Africans used out of respectAfter going underground because of his ANC activities，Mr Mandelas ability to evade(

27、躲避)the securities services earned him the nickname“the black Pimpernel”，after the novel The Scarlet Pimpernel，about a hero with a secret identityA fake(偽造的)passport in the name of David Motsamayi was used by Mr Mandela.He had disguised himself as a driver，a gardener and a chef in order to travel aro

28、und the country unnoticed by the authoritiesMr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939，failing about half the courseshe tookIn August 1952，he and Oliver Tambo established South Africas first black law firm，Mandela and Tambo，in JohannesburgHe persevered to finally secure a law degree wh

29、ile in prison in 198941Why did Nelson Mandela become a boxing fan?AHe enjoyed the violence of boxing BHe wanted to take the championshipCHe desired to enjoy the training DHe hoped to find a better job42Which of the following is true of Mandelas name?AHis original name was not NelsonBHis parents gave

30、 him the nameNelsonCRolihlahla is a popular name in South AfricaDMadiba was his Christian name43What made people call Mr Mandela“the black Pimpernel”?AHis ability to escape from being caughtBHis underground activities in ANCCHis pressure given by the authoritiesDThe novels hero with a secret identit

31、y44Mr Mandela made a fake passport to_Atravel around the country Bescape from the authoritiesCdisguise himself as an actor Dgo abroad easily45What can we learn from the last paragraph?AIt took Mr Mandela over fifty years to get a law degreeBMr Mandela set up South Africas first law firmCMr Mandela g

32、ot his law degree after being released from prisonDMr Mandela was a determined person【參考答案】41-0-45、CAABD【山東省泰安市2020第一輪質檢試題】BTraffic problems are an everyday concern in many cities，including Washington，DCA growing number of Washingtonians are turning to bicycles to get to and from workIn fact，the num

33、ber of commuters who use bicycles has doubled in the city since 2020Ralph Buehler teaches urban planning at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University，popularly known as Virginia TechHe has written a book about urban biking，called“City Cycling”He says there is a reason why urban bike ti

34、ding is now becoming more popular“Over the last 60 to 70 yearscities in the UShave been adapted to the automobile”“Most cities took advantage of the money coming for the interstate highway system，from the federal government，starting in 1956There was a 90 percent federal match(補貼)so the cities only h

35、ad to put up 10It was very tempting”In the years after World War Two，many Americans moved to suburban communities，just outside major cities，They decided to travel great distances to and from work in exchange for a home in the suburbsTheir cars became a symbol of freedomBut today，many people believe

36、they can save money by living in the cityGreg Billing is with the Washington Area Bicyclist Association“When a person makes a change from 04 using a car to using a bike，they are saving anywhere between 8 or9，000 a year”Ralph Buehler says governments save money when people use bicycles“Building bicyc

37、ling facilities is much cheaper than building and maintaining road facilities or public transport”Washington，DC has also taken steps to protect bike ridersIt approved a safe passing law and created areas on the road between cars and bikesThe United States Census Bureau says 4of the citys workers rid

38、e to work by bikeThe only city on the East Coast with more bike commuters is New York46Whats the best title of the text?ATraffic problems are an everyday concern in many citiesBBicycling to work in Washington，DC grows in popularityCBikes result in new problems in Washington，DCDWashington，DC has take

39、n steps to protect bike riders47What can we know from Ralph Buehlers statement?AThe federal govemment supported building public transportBGovernment invested a lot to build bicycling facilitiesCCities didnt use the money from the government wiselyDUrban biking has been popular in the last 60 to 70 y

40、ears48In the years after World War Two，many Americans prefer to_A1ive in the city B1ive in the suburbsCtravel great distances Drent houses49What do Ralph Buehler and Greg Billing agree with?AMoney can be saved when people use bicyclesBLiving in the city is much cheaper than in the countryCGovernment

41、 should build more bicycling facilitiesDRoad facilities and public transport develop rapidly now50What can we infer from the text?ATraffic problems are the most severe in Washington，DCB4of Washingtonians ride to work by bike in Washington，DCCWashington，DC concerns about the safety of bike ridersD. Mnre cities on the East Coast have bike commuters【參考答案】4650、BABAC