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1、2022年上海戲劇學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析） 第1題【單項選擇題】 ［閱讀選擇］Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do

2、not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans. 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】此題答案可從本

3、段的最后一句話中找出。 第2題【單項選擇題】 [2009.04] I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before 5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】此題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。譯文:我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令， 這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明。rder的內(nèi) 容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式，should可以第18題【單項選擇題】

4、 [2009.04] It is not decided the conference will be held. A、what B> which C、when D、that 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】此題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會什么時候召開還沒 有決定。詳細解答：A什么；B哪一個；C什么時候；D （無詞義）。 第19題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this

5、 day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】答案選A。感恩節(jié)這天火雞通常是必不可少的。因此此題是正確的。 第20題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀選擇】 We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite a

6、n effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of "weight" as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it

7、would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out 10from the surface of the earth? A、1 pound. B、2 pounds. C、3 pounds. D、4 pounds. 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】此題問的是一磅茶如果被帶出離地球外表4000英里的地方，重量會是多少？ 4000這個數(shù)字比擬關(guān)鍵，因為在本段最后一句中出現(xiàn)了這個詞，一 看該句 If you could take

8、 a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名詞換了一下，很顯然答案就是變成原來重量的四分之一，因此正確答案是A。 第21題【單項選擇題】 [2010.04] In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put up with C、keep up with D、fall in with 【正確答

9、案】B 【答案解析】此題考查短語辨析?！咀g文】為了跟隨時尚，這個女孩不得不忍受 極度地不舒適。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，趕上。keep up with： 和…保持聯(lián)系。fall in with：偶然遇到，贊同。 第22題【單項選擇題】 【填句補文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: , For ex

10、ample, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北極熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching11 the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space p

11、rogram. A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values. B、 Learning starts with the children's interests and questions. C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than a

12、verage on national tests in reading and math. D、 Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正確答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers與其他孩子學(xué)習(xí)的不同點，因此選B。 第23題【單項選擇題】 [2009.04] I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today. A、would be B、

13、be C、will have been D、could be 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前 要完成。試題分析：此題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣?；卦敿毥獯穑簍hat引導(dǎo)同 位語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動 詞原形的形式，should可以省略。 第24題【單項選擇題】 [2009.01 ] If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirm

14、ed D、convinced12 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】此題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.濃縮的，專心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 確信的。 第25題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀選擇】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of London's biggest dailies, it is understood

15、that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions? A、 Thirty three per cent of the work

16、ers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity. 【正確答案】c [答案解析]本段開頭告訴讀者〃…there are more men than are needed...when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by givi

17、ng each union two”,接 下來作者又進一步說明其實質(zhì)，即它意味著"33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。 第26題【單項選擇題】 [2009.04] I've got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be13 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】此題考查名詞從句中的虛擬

18、語氣。譯文:我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令， 這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。詳細解答：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明 order的內(nèi)容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式， should可以省略。 第27題【單項選擇題】 【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating

19、disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to. A、keep fit B、have a body shape that all people will admire C、prolong life span D、get ride of digestive syst

20、em diseases 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人為了到達當(dāng)前流行的體型(reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape)而不惜通過節(jié)食等方法減肥。因此選擇B。 第28題【單項選擇題】 【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience (偽科學(xué)).I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which

21、 he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagan's opinion, Velikovsky might be. A、a member of the National Academy of Science

22、B、a pseudo-scientist14 C、a science populariser D、a reporter 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】從這段文字中，我們可以了解到作者認為，Sagan與偽科學(xué)作斗爭 的一個實例就是Sagan摧毀了 Velikovsky的錯誤論述,即Velikovsky提出，在過 去幾千年中，水星與地球和火星反復(fù)屢次相撞，這在圣經(jīng)中有加載。 第29題【單項選擇題】 [2008.04] The government finally all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specializ

23、ed C、realized D、 supposed 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】此題考查動詞意義區(qū)分。A”公開發(fā)表、公布或發(fā)布（新聞）〃 B專 門從事、專攻 C意識到、領(lǐng)悟 D假定、猜測。整句話的意思是：政府最 終公布了與這場戰(zhàn)爭有關(guān)的全部文件。 第30題【單項選擇題】 【填句補文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's

24、 cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、 In the United States, nine million children

25、under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke. 15 D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer. 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應(yīng)首 選對此煙加以定義的句子。 第31題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】Finally, though a child's "teachers" may not have been

26、 trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teacher's close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching tr

27、aining he has received. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】答案選c。文章講雖然兒童習(xí)得母語的“教師〃可能沒有受過專門的 語言教學(xué)的訓(xùn)練，但與他的關(guān)系卻是親密的、個人化的。但是作者并沒有提到在 語言學(xué)習(xí)中，教師與學(xué)生密切的個人關(guān)系比教師接受專門的語言教學(xué)訓(xùn)練更重要。 第32題【單項選擇題】 [2009.01 ] You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sight B、come to terms

28、C、come into play D、come to power 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】此題考查短語的習(xí)慣用法。句意：當(dāng)你的朋友吵架時，你應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助 他們協(xié)調(diào)一下。come into或come to都表示進入（某種狀態(tài)）。A映入眼簾； B.達成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)；C開始運作；D.上臺，開始掌權(quán)。 16 第33題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful

29、and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】答案選A

30、o此題的關(guān)鍵句為：but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly,因此此題答案為 A。 第34題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on nationa

31、l security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillary's campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】答案選C。問題句說“Hillary的一個競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度」 而本段只是說"

32、女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢〃，沒有說Hillary的一個競選 承諾式改革國家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。 17 第35題【單項選擇題】 [2010.04] We have greatly the procedure according to the chairman's suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified 【正確答案】D 【答案解析】【譯文】按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】 此題考查詞義辨析。【詳細解答】動詞的詞義選取。 第36題【單項選擇題】

33、 [2009.7] An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly 【正確答案】D 【答案解析】此題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個員工做工作總是認真負 責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的。【詳細解答】A親自地；B幾乎不；C個別地；D可靠 地第37題【單項選擇題】 【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer

34、at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （給予、授權(quán)）you to discount tickets （打折

35、機票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and18 musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So don't give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of th

36、is paragraph is. A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer. B、 The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate. C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. D、 The students will become international travelers in s

37、ummer. 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】這段話主要講學(xué)生暑假去歐洲的一些優(yōu)惠來論證學(xué)生去歐洲旅行是 很容易的。因此選擇A。 第38題【單項選擇題】 [2009.10] he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】此題考查狀語從句的附屬連詞。【譯文】盡管（雖然）他有許多朋 友，但他常常感到孤獨。 第39題【單項選擇題】 [2009.04] She everything else and concentrated on the task

38、 before her. A、set off B、set back C、set aside D、set up 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】此題考查短語意義辨析。譯文：她把其他事情都放到一邊，集中精19 省略。 第3題【單項選擇題】 【I閱讀選擇】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your h

39、elp in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This help

40、s a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a f

41、ew minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In “All that's needed to become one... (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word "one" stands for ? A、a citizen journalist B、a citizen scientist C、a scientist D、a citizen 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】one不僅是數(shù)詞也是代詞；代詞指代的名詞或句子一般出現(xiàn)在代詞 的前一句，要注意區(qū)分代詞單、復(fù)數(shù)。 第4

42、題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀選擇】I don't claim there isn't a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving (感知)reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring u

43、s to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided mainly by. 力于她面前的任務(wù)。詳細解答：A出發(fā)、動身；B把（某物）置于…之后、延遲;C撇開、取消、廢除；D建立、提出。 第40題【單項選擇題】 [2008.[10] It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constru

44、ctions C、measures D、concessions 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】此題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】強烈支持采取新措施維護移民的 權(quán)力?！驹敿毥獯稹緼統(tǒng)計學(xué) B建設(shè) C措施，方法 D讓步，特許 權(quán)第41題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody includin

45、g scientists loves. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】答案選c。這段提到了 technology是一種美的享受，但是沒有說它 是一種藝術(shù)，更沒有說我們每個人都熱愛這門藝術(shù)。 第42題【單項選擇題】 【I閱讀選擇】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. 20

46、 What can we learn about Tom? A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first. B、 It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl. C、Tom was blind. D、 Tom was handsome and popular with the girls. 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】答案選A。細節(jié)判斷題。從The two were satisfied with each other 可知，相親過后，兩人對對方都很滿意，所以A選項正確，湯姆第一次

47、見對方就 留下了很好的印象。B項所表述內(nèi)容在文中找不到根據(jù)，不能判斷這是湯姆第幾 次約會。根據(jù)文章描述，湯姆只是near-sighted,遠不到盲了的地步。文章僅講 述了湯姆和某一個女孩相親的精力，對他的個人魅力以及是否受女孩歡迎并未提 及。 第43題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀選擇】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psycholog

48、ists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any go

49、od literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm? A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology book B、Learning a poem and then taking a nap C、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmi

50、ng D、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】段落的結(jié)尾處講到：在腦力活動方面，我們也同樣是有節(jié)奏的，因 為我們在高度集中精力一段時間以后，必須讓腦子有一個松弛的階段（〃we must21 have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration") o 根據(jù)這個信息， A、 D項內(nèi)容都是高度集中的腦力活動，與原文內(nèi)容恰好相反；B項內(nèi)容是學(xué)習(xí)詩歌 與小睡一會，正好符合原文，一張一弛。而C項內(nèi)容又全是不費腦力的活動

51、，也 不符合原文。 第44題【單項選擇題】 [2009.[10] Scientists doubt whether it's to regulate one's biological clock bydrinking. A、feasible B、incredible C、fashionable D、valuable 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】此題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分?？茖W(xué)家懷疑通過喝酒來調(diào)整人體生物鐘 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的 B不可相信的、難以置信的C時髦的、 時尚的D貴重的、珍貴的第45題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】People living north of t

52、he mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.Q: Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and

53、 steam shooting up into the air from the crater. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】答案選B。該題說的是：飛行員飛行的高度超過2100米時，看見一 個黑色的火山灰和蒸汽從火山口急速上升到空氣中。但是，文章中airline pilots22 flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into th

54、e sky.說的是靠近火山的地方出現(xiàn)了 一個黑色的火山灰和蒸汽上升到空氣中，其高度超過2100米。因此該命題是錯 誤的。 第46題【單項選擇題】Long life is altering our society, of course, but in experiential. A、items B、terms C、 turns D、themes 【正確答案】B 【答案解析】in experiential terms意為"從經(jīng)驗上來說"第47題【單項選擇題】 [2008,04] That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at

55、 hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to 【正確答案】D 【答案解析】此題考查介詞的固定搭配。句子翻譯：那個提案與手頭上的問題根 本無關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示： 與…無關(guān)。 第48題【單項選擇題】 【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they

56、will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer's end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, 23children can. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section 【正確答案

57、】B 【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出處，By summer's end"夏天結(jié)束的時候"實 際上就是When autumn comes"秋天來臨的時候”。答案選擇B。 第49題【單項選擇題】 [2008.04] Fish is and expensive at this time of the year in this area. A、in large measure B、to the minimum C、in short supply D、to the maximum 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】此題考查短語意義辨析。這個地區(qū)在一年中的這個時候魚的供應(yīng)不 足，價格昂貴。

58、in short supply：缺貨、供貨缺乏。 第50題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百歲老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?"Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community. A、True B、False C、Not Given 【正確答案】c 【答案解析】答案選Co題目

59、說的是“這五位百歲老人生活在一個非常友好的社 區(qū)〃，文章開頭局部提到了 "community（社區(qū)）〃，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人24 生活的社區(qū)是否是一個友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。 第51題【單項選擇題】 [2008.04] Anxiety can with children's performance at school. A、refer B、 prefer C、infer D、interfere 【正確答案】D 【答案解析】此題考查詞語辨析。句子翻譯為：焦慮可以阻礙孩子們在學(xué)校的表 現(xiàn)。A . refer to 提到、查閱、涉及；B. pref

60、er to 更喜歡；C. infer from （根 據(jù)某事）推斷、推定；D. interfere with擾亂、阻礙。 第52題【單項選擇題】 【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 電荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively cha

61、rged （負電荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-grou

62、nd lightning, the ground's surface. A、is positively charged B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is negative charged D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge 【正確答案】A 【答案解析】本段文字解釋了云層與地面之間的閃電的成因，云層下部帶負電荷, 排斥地面表層的負電荷，所以地面表層聚集的是正電荷。答案為A。 25 第53題【單項選擇題】 【閱讀選擇】In 1841, a book was

63、 published which astonished the world. It was called 'Incidents of Travel in Central America， Chiapas and Yucatan". The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with

64、 Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（瑪雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwood's drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those

65、of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephen's book astonished the world because. A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas. B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers. C、 he

66、had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization. D、 it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization. 【正確答案】D 【答案解析】根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵詞astonished,把本問題定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.對下面的幾個重要事實的歸納概 括就得出正確答案：Do第54題【單項選擇題】 [2007.04] Jenny complained that the hospital her too much for the treatment. A、 expended B、paid C> cost D、charged 【正確答案】D26 【答案解析】此題考查詞義辨析。charge：要價；索價；要人支付；收費。例如: The fruit seller charged me too much money.這個水果商