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1、第六節(jié)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(1)動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞一、動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞的ing形式構(gòu)成，兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞特征的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它可以帶有自己的賓語(yǔ)，也能被副詞修飾。動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。(1)(2016高考全國(guó)乙卷)By doing the parttime job，I can get some precious experience.通過(guò)做兼職工作，我可以得到一些寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(2)(2016高考天津卷)Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better.做團(tuán)體運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)能夠使我們更加相互了

2、解。(3)(2015高考江蘇卷)Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.這樣野蠻的騎車方式導(dǎo)致了交通混亂。(4)(2015高考廣東卷)Some students are addicted to playing computer games and some often cheat in the exams.一些學(xué)生迷戀玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，還有一些經(jīng)常在考試中作弊。(5)(2015高考廣東卷)As for cheating in the exams, I will tell them the importance of honest

3、y.至于考試作弊，我會(huì)告訴他們誠(chéng)實(shí)的重要性。(6)(2015高考重慶卷)As an old saying goes, living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a compass.俗話說(shuō)得好，生活沒(méi)有明確的目標(biāo)就好像航海沒(méi)有指南針。二、現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式：doing；一般被動(dòng)式：being done；完成式：having done；完成被動(dòng)式：having been done。所有否定式都是在ing前面加not，包括獨(dú)立主格形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞既具有動(dòng)詞的特征，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)；又具有形容詞和副詞的

4、特征，可以充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。(1)(2016高考北京卷)A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling upon us to join in the actions for a green earth.地球日前一周，我們學(xué)校就貼滿了海報(bào)，號(hào)召我們參加“綠色地球”的活動(dòng)。(2)(2015高考重慶卷)Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide，I am writing t

5、o apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books.了解到你在組織這個(gè)在全世界分享書(shū)籍的活動(dòng)，我正在寫(xiě)信申請(qǐng)參加。理由很簡(jiǎn)單，我愛(ài)讀書(shū)，而且我有很多書(shū)。(3)(2015高考福建卷)The boy，being poor，couldnt afford even a candle，so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbors house to read at night.這個(gè)男孩，因?yàn)?/p>

6、窮，甚至買(mǎi)不起一根蠟燭，他在墻上鑿了個(gè)洞，晚上借著鄰居家的光讀書(shū)。(4)(2015高考江蘇卷)Some riders of ebikes and bicycles come and go in all directions，ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles.一些騎電動(dòng)車和自行車的人朝四面八方往來(lái)穿梭，忽視交通燈和其他車輛。(5)(2014高考江蘇卷)With English words getting popular in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary has included

7、239 of them，leaving the public divided into two opposing groups：“For” and “Against”隨著英語(yǔ)單詞在媒體和日常生活中越來(lái)越流行，一本漢語(yǔ)詞典收錄239個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞，這使公眾分成了相反的兩派：贊成和反對(duì)。(6)(2014高考江西卷)In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging.在未來(lái)三年中，我們的學(xué)校生活將會(huì)是充滿挑戰(zhàn)的。(7)(2013高考湖南卷)Hearing this, the whole class burst into laugh

8、ter and my deskmates face turned red.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)，全班同學(xué)大笑起來(lái)，我同桌的臉變紅了。三、過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞主要差別在于：現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行”；過(guò)去分詞表示“被動(dòng)和完成”(不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成)。分詞都可以有自己的狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或邏輯主語(yǔ)等?？梢猿洚?dāng)表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(1)(2016高考北京卷)All were very happy with those unexpected gifts，especially little kids and elderly people.所有的人對(duì)這些意想不到的禮物都很滿意，尤其是小孩和

9、老人。(2)(2015高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.在我們報(bào)紙上的“外國(guó)文化”這一版面很受我們學(xué)生歡迎。它有一些外國(guó)朋友寫(xiě)的關(guān)于他們本國(guó)文化的文章。(3)(2014高考湖南卷)Compared to the traditional ones, they have th

10、ree new unique functions.與傳統(tǒng)的相比，他們有三個(gè)新的獨(dú)特功能。(4)(2014高考廣東卷)I am really moved and inspired by her kindness.我被她的善良感動(dòng)和鼓舞著。(5)(2014高考陜西卷)As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today.按照日程安排，我們今天有英語(yǔ)才藝表演。(6)(2014高考福建卷) However，it was harder than expected.然而，它比預(yù)料的難。針對(duì)訓(xùn)練用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換1We were touched by the t

11、eachers words. We decided to work hard. 2I feel quite sorry for that. I begin to think about what to do to help. 3Because I was amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good. 4Because I had paid a visit to the place, I will go somewhere else this year to spend my summer vacation.

12、 5As the society develops rapidly, its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 答案：1.Touched by the teachers words, we decided to work hard.2Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.3Amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.4Having paid a visit to the place, I will go somewhere else this year to spend my summer vacation.5With the society developing rapidly, its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.