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1、Lesson 57 Can I help you, madam?jeans n. 牛仔褲 trousers n.褲子, 長褲 pants n.褲子, 短褲 hesitate v. 躊躇, 遲疑 hesitate to do sth. 躊躇做 make up ones mind 下決心做 hesitation n. 躊躇, 躊躇 without hesitation 毫不躊躇 Without hesitation he refused my request. 引申：determine (v.)She determined to go that very afternoon. 她決定就在那天下午走

2、。serve v. 接待(顧客) vt.&vi. 服務(wù)；服役；供職 We must serve the people heart and soul.我們必須全心全意地為人民服務(wù)。vt.&vi. 接待（顧客） The assistant was eager to serve her this time. She served me a cup of coffee. 她給我端上一杯咖啡。He served some sweets to the children. = he served the children with some sweets她為孩子們拿來她們要買的糖果。（款待）service

3、n. 服務(wù)vt. 保養(yǎng), 維修 重要句型：At your service. 樂于為您效勞。 serve as：擔(dān)任，充當(dāng) serve sb/sth：為服務(wù)，端(飯、菜) First come, first served.：先到先招待scornfully adv. 輕蔑地 look down upon/on 看不起，瞧不起 He looks down on me. The artist looked at her with scorn. 藝術(shù)家以蔑視的眼光看著她punish v. 懲罰 punish sb for sth (因某事懲罰某人) punish sb with sth (用.懲罰)Th

4、eir teacher punished them for their rudeness. 教師由于她們態(tài)度粗魯而責(zé)罰她們 punishment n. 懲罰 capital punishment 極刑 fur n. 裘皮 mink n. 貂皮 eager adj. 熱切的, 熱情的 be eager to do sth. 急于做某事 【課文解說】 1、A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. I cant stand bad manners.Lily cant stand working in an office.I

5、cant stand people smoking around me when Im eating.at the window 在櫥窗旁邊 at the table ( he sat at the table )do window shopping (表達在櫥窗外面購物) a woman in jeans 一種穿牛仔褲的婦女 有關(guān)購物：Would you like to try it？您要不要試試？May I try this on？Whats your size? 你穿多大號？Can you came down a bit?可以再便宜點嗎？Ill take it. 我買了。Heres yo

6、ur change. 這是找你的錢。Can you give me a discount ?Its too expensive,I cant afford it.2、Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. ask to do sth. 祈求做某事 see a doctorsee a filmsee sb. off 為某人送行see eye to eye 完全批準(zhǔn)3、The assistant who served her did

7、 not like the way she was dressed. dress sb. 給某人穿衣服 Mother is dressing her baby. I dress myself.自己給自己穿衣服（反身代詞是不能做主語的,故 I am dressed.） dress表達“穿著，打扮”時常用被動語態(tài) be dressed in She is dressed in jeans. Why is your aunt dressed in black? the way 可以直接加定語從句, 不需要引導(dǎo)詞 I dont like the way she eats. 我不喜歡她吃飯的樣子 The

8、 way she eats annoyed me. 她吃飯的樣子讓我煩 I cooked in the way you taught me. I like the way you did. 我喜歡你做的方式Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold.Glancing at her scornfully 目前分詞短語表隨著狀態(tài)be sold 被售出 This kind of pens ( ) well.A. is sold B are sold C. sells D. sell某些動詞表屬性，用積極表被動 （wr

9、ite/wash/feel/ride）(后接一種副詞) 4、She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. with sth. in hand手上拿著（with+名詞(或代詞)+介詞短語） He went to the theatre with a book in one hand. 她手上拿著一本書去了電影院 She came in , with a book in her han

10、d . 她進來了，手里拿著一本書。dressed in a coat (非謂語動詞) = wearing a coat5、After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. seek out 找出, 找到（seek-sought-sought） He sought out the thief in the crowd. Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him. It is rude to stare. 瞪眼看人是無禮的。Its rude to point. 用手

11、指人是不禮貌的。She was also rude to Mr. Brooke. 她對魯先生也很無禮。6、Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 目前分詞短語替代一種分句位于句首時，其否認(rèn)形式是在它前面加上not，without 或 never等否認(rèn)詞。這些詞有時可互換，有時則不可： Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief. Not being able to open the door, I

12、asked my neighbour for help. tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事 像eager，glad，pleased，sorry等描述感覺的形容詞作表語時背面往往跟不定式： They are all eager to come. Im pleased to work with you. 7. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like i

13、t. 費了好大勁幾，她爬進櫥窗去取那件衣服。這位婦女對那件衣服只看一眼，就說不喜歡。 With + 抽象名詞 這個構(gòu)造在句子中作狀語，與該名詞的副詞形式相似： with confidence; with pride; He fell asleep with the light on. 她睡著了，燈還亮著。（隨著狀況）I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜歡把窗戶開著睡覺。（隨著狀況）I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房間坐了一會兒，眼睛盯著天

14、花板。（隨著狀況）With a lot of work to do, he wasnt allowed to go out. 由于尚有諸多工作要做，她沒有被容許外出。（因素狀語）With prices going up so fast, we cant afford luxuries. 由于物價上漲不久，我們買不起高檔商品。（因素狀語）As soon as一 就 hardly.when / no sooner than8、She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before f

15、inally buying the dress she had first asked for.她開心地迫使那位售貨員把櫥窗里幾乎所有的東西都拿了出來,最后才買下了她最先要看的那一件.下語言點： make so do sth buying是和making并列的動名詞短語，這個動名詞短語又涉及一種定語從句，修飾其中的dress 看重要部分就是： making sb do (and) buying sth (which) she had asked for.（1）enjoy oneself doing sth.表達“從中得到樂趣”： He enjoyed himself making the do

16、g run after beggars. 她讓那條狗追逐乞丐，并從中取樂。 （2）make背面的動詞不定式不加to（cf本課詞匯學(xué)習(xí)） They made him take the examination again. be made to do sth: He was made to take the examination again.本課所需掌握詞組： hesitate for a moment seek out glance at with great difficulty the following morning enjoy oneself 【Summary writing】 答案

17、：1、Though the woman in jeans hesitated for a moment,she entered an expensive shop and asked for/to see the dress in the shop window. 第一步寫單句, though 背面要加一種從句, 第一種句子和第二個都做主句并列, 則 though 背面尚有第三個從句, though背面有從句是第一種和第二個并列, 但尚有個主句 2、On being told by an assistant that the dress was sold, The woman returned

18、 the following morning dressed in a fur coat. When the woman returned ,she was dressed in a fur coat. / the woman returned , when she was dressed in a fur coat. by +積極語態(tài)中的主語 前后兩句的強調(diào)點不同, 本句中應(yīng)強調(diào) “return” , 故背面一句更好, 這屬于 tiny mistake(微小的錯誤), 固然第一句最佳, 此外應(yīng)注意句子的平衡, 也應(yīng)將 “when” 放背面 4、After making the assista

19、nt bring, the women finally bought the dress she had. The woman finally bought what she had first asked for. 也對! 【Key structures】 At, In, Off and With在表達地點和位置時，說話人的個人角度會影響對介詞的選擇。at 一般用于表達居住地點和某個停留地點、工作地點等，而in表達里面或包圍的含義： Ill see you at the station. 我將到車站送你. On the way home, we stopped at a small vill

20、age called Puddleton. There were a lot of people in the street. 街上有許多人. Lets go for a walk in the park. 讓我們到公園去散散步. off常與動詞連用，表達位置的變化，即“與分離”，可譯為“脫掉，脫落”（相稱于away from或down from的意思）等，其反義詞為on： The lid came off easily. 這個蓋子很容易掉. The pencil rolled off the table. 鉛筆滾到桌子下面去了. 描寫人時，in 一般用于表達穿著，背面加衣服或顏色，with

21、則表達身上的某個具體特性或隨身帶著、拿著什么： He looks handsome in that uniform. That man with long hair is supposed to be a poet. 那個留著長發(fā)的男人應(yīng)是個詩人. The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face. The woman with the brown handbag and long umbrella is a famous novelist. A child came along with a brown dog. 【Specia

22、l Difficulties】 Make and Letmake和let 背面都跟不帶to的不定式，但意義上和用法上有區(qū)別： make+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式，表達“迫使，致使”：She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window. What made him change his mind? That beard makes you look much older than you really are. 在被動語態(tài)中具有上述意義的make背面必須帶to： He was made

23、to work fourteen hours a day. He was made to change his mind. let用于祈使句，建議涉及說話者在內(nèi)的人采用某一行動： Lets not waste any more time. 其否認(rèn)形式除“Lets not”外也可以用“Dont lets”： Dont lets waste any more time. let+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式，表達“容許”： Dont let him persuade you. 不要讓她把你說服了. Let me try. 讓我試一拭. Dont let the children touch anything in this room please. 如果賓語是us，則不能縮寫成lets： Please let us have more time, will you? let背面可以跟一種被動的、不帶to的不定式： He let it be known that the house was his. 但let一般不用于被動意義來表達“被容許”，這時可用allow。 We were not allowed to speak.