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1、英語(yǔ)句子七種基本成分英語(yǔ)句子有七種基本成分分別為：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。這七種成分中，主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)及補(bǔ)語(yǔ)為句子主桿，定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)為分枝，與漢語(yǔ)有點(diǎn)相近。漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有表語(yǔ)，因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)中的名詞和形容詞是可以作謂語(yǔ)的，而英語(yǔ)中名詞與形容詞是不可以的，英語(yǔ)中的名詞和形容詞只能跟在連系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于謂語(yǔ)。一主語(yǔ)：句子的主體，可以由名詞、代詞、非限定動(dòng)詞（過(guò)去分詞除外）、相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的短語(yǔ)或從句(主語(yǔ)從句)來(lái)充當(dāng)。English is a language spoken all over the world.（名詞）I dont like the way yo

2、u speak. (代詞)To master a language is not as difficult as it is said.（非限定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）What he said made his friend unhappy.（從句）二謂語(yǔ)：主體的行為、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，由限定動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，助動(dòng)詞必須和主動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要與不帶“to”的不定式一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。The police finally found the missing boy.（單個(gè)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)）I was doing my homework all day yesterday. (復(fù)合謂

3、語(yǔ))You cant expect the world the way you want. (復(fù)合謂語(yǔ))三賓語(yǔ)：主體行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或內(nèi)容，可以由名詞、代詞、非限定動(dòng)詞（過(guò)去分詞除外）、相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的短語(yǔ)或從句(賓語(yǔ)從句)來(lái)充當(dāng)。They are looking for a better way to cut down the cost. （名詞短語(yǔ)）Most children enjoy playing games. （非限定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）Can you tell me why you did not come to school yesterday? （從句）四定語(yǔ)：對(duì)句中的名詞或代詞起修飾

4、或限定作用，由名詞、形容詞、非限定動(dòng)詞、短語(yǔ)或從句（定語(yǔ)從句）來(lái)充當(dāng)。We have more boy students than girl students in our class. （名詞）Dolphin is one of the most beautiful creatures under water. （形容詞）A doctor from Beijing will be arriving tomorrow.（介詞短語(yǔ)）So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.（過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)）I still remem

5、ber the days when I lived in the countryside with my grandparents. (定語(yǔ)從句)五狀語(yǔ)：對(duì)句子中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞乃至整個(gè)句子起修飾作用表明事物的狀態(tài)或邏輯關(guān)系，可以由副詞、非限定動(dòng)詞、短語(yǔ)或從句（狀語(yǔ)從句）充當(dāng)。Sound travels much faster than an airplane but light travels even faster than sound. (修飾動(dòng)詞和副詞)She is extremely beautiful in this dress.（修飾形容詞）When I was young

6、I used to read fairy tales.（修飾句子）六補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：對(duì)句中的賓語(yǔ)起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，也叫賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，可以由名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、非限定動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng)。We made him captain of our football team. （名詞）The workers found it impossible to finish the project in two weeks（形容詞）When she woke up at midnight she found the light still on. (副詞)Mary thought she hadnt made the st

7、udents understanding her clearly.（非限定動(dòng)詞）七表語(yǔ)：用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，可以由名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、非限定動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)及從句（表語(yǔ)從句）來(lái)充當(dāng)。Social networkings are available to all students in China today. （形容詞）A computer mouse is not a small animal that lives in buildings and open fields. （名詞短語(yǔ)）Seeing is believing. （非限定動(dòng)詞）What she couldnt understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. （表語(yǔ)從句）3優(yōu)制教資z#