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1、 Abstract " Native Son " is a black writer Richard Kwan ? Wright ( 1908-1960 years ) masterpiece why this book has an important position in the national literary or shut off black literature in the cou

2、ntry , but because of one of the novel s themes significant social and historical significance that it realistic approach to expose the countrys social presence off the harsh realities of racism and class oppression , the other party that it successfully created " Native Son " that the protagonist B

3、igger Thomas, the black ? typical artistic image revolt, juvenile crime . Negro revolt, juvenile crime , which is a fundamental characteristic of the protagonist Bigger typical image of this art , it reflects a new generation of blacks to racial discrimination and class oppression discontent , resis

4、tance, and struggle to compete . It is a new generation of blacks or that blacks are deep reveal latent national character . This paper analyzes the African-American novelist Richard Wright ? masterpiece - the novel " Native Son " in the hero Bigger Thomas ? silence , cynical, cruel, rebellion and o

5、ther personality characteristics . Also describes the development of his character , change and harsh living conditions , hateful racial discrimination , unequal legal and social system inseparable. Keywords : personality ; silence ; cynicism ; cruel ; rebel 7 中文摘要 《土生子》是關(guān)國黑人文學(xué)家理查德賴特

6、(1908 -1960年)的代表作此書之所以在關(guān)國文學(xué)或關(guān)國黑人文學(xué)中具有重要地位，一方而是由于這部小說主題的重大社會歷史意義，即它以現(xiàn)實主義的方法揭露了關(guān)國社會存在的種族歧視和階級壓迫的嚴酷現(xiàn)實，另一方而就在于它成功塑造了“土生子”即小說主人公別格托馬斯這個黑人反抗、犯罪少年的典型藝術(shù)形象。黑人反抗、犯罪少年，這就是小說主人公別格這一藝術(shù)典型形象的根本特征，它體現(xiàn)了新一代黑人對種族歧視與階級壓迫的不滿、反抗和斗一爭。它是對新一代黑人或者說是潛伏著的黑人民族性格的深刻揭示。本文分析了美國黑人小說家理查德賴特的代表作—長篇小說《土生子》中的主人公別格托馬斯的緘默、憤世嫉俗、殘忍、反叛等性格特點。

7、同時說明他性格的發(fā)展、變化是和嚴酷的生活環(huán)境、可惡的種族歧視、不平等的法律和社會制度分不開的。 關(guān)鍵詞：性格;緘默;憤世嫉俗;殘忍;反叛 Contents Abstract i 中文摘要 i Ⅰ. Introduction 1 Ⅱ.The Main Content and Comment of Native Son 2 2.1 The Main Content and Comment of Native Son 1 2.2 Comment of Native Son 3 Ⅲ. Personality Characteristics and The Reasons of

8、the Hero in Native Son 3 3.1 Silence 6 3.2 Cynical 7 3.3 Cruel 8 3.4 Rebels 9 Conclusion 11 Bibliography 12 Acknowledgements 14 Ⅰ. Introduction " Native Son " is an African American writer Richard Wright ? 1908-1960 years ) masterpiece. The novel is not only ideologically open black "prot

9、est novel" first of its kind , but also marks the African-American literary art to mature . It is not only the most outstanding representative Wright , and is considered a milestone in black literature . After the publication of the novel , not only shocked the American literature , but also shocked

10、 the American society. Western commentators generally agree that from the Wright s " Native Son " was published , in order to obtain the status of black literature in the American literature , the attention of critics and have a greater impact on the people. " Native Son ," a book reason why there

11、is such an important place in American literature or African-American literature, in my opinion, partly because the major social and historical significance of the theme of the novel , that it exposes the realist approach the harsh reality of the existence of American society , racial discrimination

12、 and class oppression , on the other hand that it successfully created " Native Son " that the protagonist Bigger Thomas ? the black revolt, artistic image of the typical juvenile crime , it makes new understanding of American society a new generation of blacks, racial discrimination , class oppress

13、ion have a further clear understanding of the problem . This paper analyzes the African-American novelist Richard Wright ? masterpiece - the novel " Native Son " in the hero Bigger Thomas ? silence , cynical, cruel, rebellion and other personality characteristics . Also describes the development of

14、 his character , change and harsh living conditions , hateful racial discrimination , unequal legal and social system inseparable. Ⅱ.The Main Content and Comment of Native Son 2.1 The Main Content and Comment of Native Son Famous black American writer Richard Wright (RichardWright) masterpiece "

15、Native Son " is recognized as a milestone in black literature . The novel describes the living from the rural South to Chicago s black youth Bigger ? Thomas (BiggerThomas) misfortune . The novel consists of three parts : "Fear ", " escape " and " destiny ." Hero Bigger twenties , white Dalton belong

16、ings in driver and kotelshchik . One day, this night , Miss Mary out drunk , Bigger drove her home , Yin Mali has been unable to walk independently , do not get off the grid had to support her , then helped her into her bedroom. At this time, Dalton blind wife heard the ring , groping to look at her

17、 daughter . Not to be her mother discovered his whereabouts , do not take a pillow over his cell subconsciously Mary s mouth , let her say anything, the results unknowingly suffocated her . Do not freeze in panic in the bodies of Mary moved to the basement boiler room in an attempt to cover his trac

18、ks burned his body . Later he attempted Jiahuoyuren , suggesting that Mary was gang kidnapped together with her ??boyfriend to go . But he told his lover , black girl Beixi tell the truth , she was later betrayed , he had killed her with a brick . Finally the truth is exposed , Bigger jail , sentenc

19、ed to electrocution . In this novel , the author created a confrontation, cruel, rebellious artistic image of black youth. Social system of racial oppression and discrimination contributed to his sharp character, he used to fight with their lives to oppression . 2.2 Comment of Native Son Bigger bl

20、ack appearance by the shock of the white readers. Prior to this, the American literary works occasionally , mostly black image Wenliang Gong Qian, submissive little , small role , but not the grid is filled with a new black image of hatred and violence. White people always think black slavish , whic

21、h could be abused , but then now black with admiration , began to have fear of the heart . Public opinion has been vilified blacks whites barbaric nature , frequently murder, rape. Previous general black writers or deny , or differentiate , only Wright -depth analysis can explore the intrinsic link

22、between criminal activity and the social system , pointing out that neither blacks brutal violent nature nor national identity , but the U.S. social system caused . Bigger s character but the product of American civilization , his crime has some chance, but more importantly, there is a profound soci

23、al and historical inevitability. Bigger crimes reveals such a cruel fact that only in the case of African Americans and violence will cause extreme white society s attention , in this sense, not a crime and sentenced to capital punishment cell is actually the entire white society sounded the alarm.

24、The irony is that blacks do not represent the grid by mainstream American society is precisely the exclusion and oppression of American society , " Native Son ." Here, " Native Son ," the term it will have a pun meaning: a born and bred Americans ; Second, and racism in American society created by p

25、eople , so from a deep sense Bigger crime the reason entirely to blame the United States racist ideas , institutions and laws. Negro revolt, juvenile crime , which is " Native Son " that is a fundamental characteristic of the typical image of the protagonist of this art , it reflects a new generati

26、on of blacks to racial discrimination and class oppression discontent , resistance and struggle . It is a new generation of blacks or that blacks are deep reveal latent national character . As Wright in " Native Son " in written , the character of the other cell multiplication twelve million (then K

27、wan black population is 12 million ) , will come to the black ethnic psychology. The main character of this revolt is through fiction story unfolds and shape , and the depth of the excavation is the character of the course of criminal conduct by its psychological analysis reflected . " Native Son "

28、 in Chicago "Great Depression" era is the story of the black youth ? Bigger Thomas accidentally kills a white employer s daughter , and ultimately the incident were arrested , sentenced to electrocution story. Fiction Bigger extreme hatred has a strong shocking , forcing people to produce this racia

29、l hatred profound psychological thinking . The book is divided into three sections: "Fear ", " escape " and " destiny ." Bigger live in the ghetto , people squeezed into a four dilapidated shacks . Two beds accounted for more than half went to the room: a bed together brothers , mother and daughter

30、together another bed to sleep , to get up every time the mother and daughter dress , you must first call the two boys looked away . Then the author vividly depicts scenes Bigger kill rats , reflects both blacks living in poverty , but also express a living environment to develop from this cruel hero

31、 character . Bigger eyes of the protagonist is white "bad nigger" , but also with his white hate and fear psychology. Discrimination against blacks in white society is pushed to the edge of his life, the life of despair and fear breeds hatred of his : He hates whites chatter hate social injustice a

32、nd class oppression. Later, due to the introduction of charitable organizations , he went to wealthy whites and Mr. Leighton Road home to make drivers. That night he drove Mr. Dayton Road and daughter, Miss Mary home. Mary drunk unconscious , had to hold her back Bigger room . At this time, the road

33、 and the blind daughter of the room to hear Mrs. Dayton has happened , they came to inquire . Bigger help terrified . Because, according to local laws, black men white women s room night raid will be sentenced to torture. In desperation , he used a pillow over his mouth , Miss Mary , let her say any

34、thing, and the result puts Mary suffocate. To escape the guilt , he stuffed the bodies of Mary boiler , burned his body to cover his tracks , and then wrote an anonymous letter , attempted exculpatory , and the murder of Mary s boyfriend plummeted head. After the truth brought to light, not the grid

35、 with his girlfriend蓓西fled , fearing蓓西way to turn informant to kill. Bigger still was eventually dispatched police arrested Allure . Court debate , as a communist lawyer Max Bigger pointed out the underlying causes of crime are social rather than personal, but that did not change Bigger is sentenced

36、 to death fate. This revolt , crime artistic characters not only through crime , escape, were arrested and executed plot shape , but from beginning to end along with the psychological description and analysis nuanced . Ⅲ. Personality Characteristics and The Reasons of the Hero in Native Son 3.1 S

37、ilence Bigger one four live in a small rented room, where dark , rodent disaster. Mother was a devout Christian , sister timid, quiet, submissive brother . All this , do not grid full of resentment , shame , pain and anger. His family and the white man in the world to make him feel that he is an ou

38、tsider . He became a no conscience , no hope , no love and religious people . All this led to his silent character. From the description of the article , we can see , not far from the grid , and his mother, in terms of ideas. Mother thinks Almighty God to give them endless care, hungry, give them f

39、ood ; dangerous , giving them security protection. However , do not believe in the Lords presence grid , otherwise the Lord will not let their lives be so painful. He will not even talk to his mother and he hated himself, limit his family , but also limit the white world . He does not think people

40、 are a moment to whites thankful and fortunate thing. He knew he had no choice , either to whites as a servant , or starve , the painful choice to let him go crazy . His mother did not understand him , he can not agree with his mother , so he and his mother could not communicate with the mothers que

41、stioning him have nothing to say . On the one hand , he did not think black people should be low first-class whites , on the other hand , the moment he had to give white people living in this conflict environment, he felt helpless and confused. In his opinion, the white indifference , hostility, be

42、cause they are black and blacks kill them, they shake hands at the same time and you will cut your throat (Elliott, 1991). So , he could not accept the friendly Miss Mary Jane and her boyfriend , for example : let him sit with them in the front seat of the car , along with the restaurant, so he call

43、ed them instead of Jane and Mr. Jane and Miss Mary Mary , for these cells do not feel fear and confusion . While Mary and Jane harbor silent , cold and indescribable hatred. He saw the white day peacefulness, a lot a lot money, and even their own do not have a decent place to stay . Since the inner

44、 imbalance , because it can not change the unfair society, due to fear and resentment , and whites together, he was always silent, closed themselves, and keep a distance from the heart on white . 3.2 Cynical In addition to silent, Bigger also cynical. He occasionally himself, met his kind friend ,

45、 he would complain about his headlong speak out in order to dump their pain , humiliation and resentment . In his view, what there is white , want to do what you can , and he, no money, no power, no choice. Even hid the cinema to see a movie , but also can not afford the fare . There are thousands

46、of whites not only work to choose from, they have everything in life you want. Can blacks in education and the social aspects of public transport , theaters , hotels and other services have suffered inhuman treatment . Because it is black , self- development programs Bigger is always blocked, he sai

47、d , if you have the opportunity to learn in an empty school , he will be able to open the aircraft can be until death , he did not this opportunity. In addition to the world of difference between wealth and freedom made ??him cynical , but do not know the grid to measure the individual behavior of s

48、ocial existence of double standards , when he saw a tall poster that says "IF YOUBREAD THE LAW, YOU CAN T WIN! " Bigger smoking a cigarette , quietly laughed, because he knows there are two laws , one is for the whites , and the other is black , justice and equality is an illusion . Rob blacks easy

49、because the police do not care about blacks , whites and robbery is totally unacceptable , because the law is used to protect whites. 3.3 Cruel Bigger cruel character can be seen from the following aspects : Fiction outset vividly depicts Bigger killed a large rat threat to their survival , which

50、reflects both blacks sad infiltration life, and bring out the this living environment to develop the heros cruel character. Treat those timid, but life from the black companions , he taught them how to fight back, how cruelly against those whites. To show their existence, he does not hesitate to us

51、e violence , and even treat their accomplices Gus , he had called him a coward , and asked him to serve wisely, to show their own people, or the boss (Bigger), and thus conceal their shame and inability to feel. Treat your family , Bigger also cruel enough, he either dumb , or eyes glaring , or roar

52、ing toward them . Treat his girlfriend , he is cruel to the extreme , in order to survive , he used a brick stoned girlfriend Beixi familiar with the situation . Mary , do not kill cells from the unconscious to have Awareness pins corpse, from the height of the panic to " calm " the handling of dea

53、d bodies , his cruelty makes hair straight . Who is responsible ? Bigger hearts no love , only limit , he limit everything in this world , that world never gave him any love , he would not return. 3.4 Rebels All along, the whites in the " effort" to convince blacks, whites better than them , the

54、y can never living arrangements in accordance with their wishes . Of these, Bigger disgusted . And many blacks , like other cells are victims of racial discrimination , but many timid, black allegiance is not the same , do not seem to be born with a rebellious spirit grid . He longed to someone else

55、s identity, the desire to achieve self-worth. His presence both for whites or blacks are a threat , he does not belong to any party , any one person, or even himself. Do not make such a character that the grid can not tolerate harsh world . His heart is full of anger , and that he wants to use viole

56、nce to fight the world . The result is a white man because of fear to destroy him, this is his tragedy lies. It also reflects the black youth began to mature side , they require equality, dignity and economic security . At the time, for a black man is concerned, two oclock at night to stay in a Mis

57、s Bai Renjia room, this is outrageous and absolutely prohibited , due to panic , Bigger manslaughter after his hate for whites consider themselves intentional murder. In order to deal with the body , so he cut the head of Mary burned into the oven . This is the practice of many years whites against

58、blacks (Jackson: 1976). Bigger think he burned both in white , are burned walking their anger and shame . He killed Mary proud feeling of freedom and relief the first time he has successfully completed a move later. He is no longer a slave, but his own master, is his own God. "I am right." Is his la

59、st rebel black world languages ??. Activities after class have many forms and they are not limited by the time and the space. It can be half an hour talk in the English Corner. It can be an English Salon activity once a week. It can be a story, a competition or a short role play; it also can be a s

60、ummer or a winter camp for eight to ten days. The students have no pressures in the activities after class and they can talk courageously with others in English. And their English level will be improved in these kinds of activities after class. Take the English Salon as an example, the teacher can

61、choose a topic every week, such as ‘My hobby’, ‘The animals and I’ and so on. The students can talk about the topics as more as they can. When the British and American holidays come, we also can celebrate them in the special ways. We can have a ’Christmas Party’ before Christmas Day. The activities

62、include decorating the room, singing an dancing or guessing the English riddles. After decorating a Christmas tree in the party, sending the Christmas presents, singing a song ‘ Silent night’, greeting to each other, the students get to know the way of celebrating Christmas in Britain and America an

63、d accumulate the cultures in the other countries. The activities after class can arouse the students’ learning desire of English culture and encourage them to communicate with the foreigners. So the students can get the resonance with the foreigners. One of the ways to communicate with the foreig

64、ners is to join in a summer camp. The students can improve their English communicate abilities in it. Take the summer camp in our school for example, four America teachers took part in the summer camp from the beginning to the ending. The students were so excited to talk with the America teachers. T

65、hey asked many questions about the school life in America with fluent or not fluent English, they also told the teachers their happiness, their wishes and their sadness. When the foreign teachers praised all the campers, ‘You are all the best!’, every student got the feelings of success and self-con

66、fident. Absolutely, this gave us a lot of revelations. Conclusion " Native Son " left too many people talk about the topic , to date, there is still an endless stream of commentary for this work . Schopenhauer said: "The man was born, is born of tragedy ." ① In the West, the tragedy is considered the greatest art forms, from Aristotles theory of modern Western tragedy " Poetics" has many interpretations. Todays tragedy is not only restricted in the narrow sense o