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1、第一講-Unit 1 Topic 1 Our country has developed rapidly.初中英語年級九年級重難點學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu).學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合語境了解現(xiàn)在完成時的使用.學(xué)習(xí)have/ has been to與have/has gone to的用法.【知識儲備】新課導(dǎo)入：1.Introduce where I went and what I did during this summer holiday.Did I have a good summer holiday?.Where have I been?2.Ask the students about their summer

2、 holidays. Questions are like these:.Did you have a good time in your summer holiday?.Where have you been?.Where has she been?3.總結(jié)：從一般過去時描述學(xué)生暑假期間的活動開始，引入現(xiàn)在完成時，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生理解：.Li Ming went to Hainan last month.Where has Li Ming been? He has been to Hainan.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)： have/has + p.p （助動詞） (past participl

3、e:過去分詞）4.學(xué)會討論假期生活，用have/ has been to或have/ has gone to造句。e.g：A：Where have you been?B：I have been to the Beijing.e.g：A：Where has Lily gone?B：She has gone to Wuhan.新課講授：一. 現(xiàn)在完成時基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞否定句：主語+have/has+not+動詞的過去分詞一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+動詞的過去分詞特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句（have/has+主語+過去分詞）二. 現(xiàn)在完成時用法1

4、. 現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示過去已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果。也就是說，動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在，強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在。I have already posted the photo.我已經(jīng)郵寄出了照片。此種用法與一些模糊的過去時間狀語連用，如already（肯定句，放句中）, yet（否定句/疑問句，放句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never,ever等。2.現(xiàn)在完成時也可用來表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去某一時刻，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能會繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。He has lived here since 1978.自從1978年以來，他一直住

5、在這兒。(動作起始于1978年，一直住到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。)此種用法常與for（+時間段）,since（+時間點或過去時的句子）連用。謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。有些瞬間動詞可變?yōu)檠永m(xù)動詞：go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead buy-have fall ill-be ill come back-be back catch a cold-have a cold現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)題一、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2.

6、_ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks

7、.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework.9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day.10._ you _ (find) your science book yet?話題講解Section A1、The changing world.變化中的世界。Changing是現(xiàn)在分詞，作world的定語2、There were so many people that I couldnt find a good place to take photos.那有如此多的人以至于我找不到一個照相的好地方。Sothat 如此以至于 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從

8、句，有時可以與tooto結(jié)構(gòu)裝換3、have a good summer holiday :暑假過得開心還可說：have fun/have a great time/enjoy oneself during the summer holiday4、come/get back=be back=return,均可與to或者from 連用。表示到某地或從某地回來。但return 不與back連用。5、There goes the bell.=Thats the bell.=The bell is ringing.鈴響了。此句為倒裝語序，英語句子通常有兩種語序:一種主語在前,謂語在后,稱為自然語序;另

9、一種謂語在前,主語在后,稱為倒裝語序。按“主語+謂語”這種順序排列的句子是陳述語序。如果排列順序變?yōu)椤爸^語+主語”,就是倒裝。倒裝句分為:完全倒裝:整個謂語移至主語前面叫完全倒裝。部分倒裝:只把助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前叫部分倒裝。a. 以there,here,out,in,up,down,away等副詞開頭的句子,為了起到強調(diào)的作用,可構(gòu)成倒裝句,只將副詞放在句首,主語和謂語位置調(diào)換,不加助動詞。Here is your letter. 這是你的信。這種倒裝要求:主語必須是名詞。主語是人稱代詞時,主語和謂語語序不變。Away he went. 他走開了。這類倒裝句式一般只用一般現(xiàn)在

10、時和一般過去時。Out rushed the boys. 男孩們沖出去了。b. now,then,just,often表示時間的副詞放在句首,可構(gòu)成倒裝句,只把副詞放在句首,主語和謂語位置調(diào)換,不加助動詞。Then came the chairman. 此時主席進來了。c. 表地點狀語的介詞短語放在句首,要用倒裝句式,以示強調(diào)。這種倒裝句是主謂直接調(diào)換位置,不加助動詞did,does或do。Under a big tree sat a fat man,half asleep.大樹下坐一胖者,昏昏欲睡。d. there放在句首時,要用倒裝句式。在“there+be”結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞有時不用be,

11、而用表示類似“存在”概念的其他不及物動詞。如:live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等。There came shouts for help from the river.從河里傳來了救命的喊叫聲。There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.在那所房子前面是一大片小麥地。典例:Im not going swimming this afternoon. . I have to help my mother do some cleaning.A. So am IB. So I amC. Ne

12、ither am ID. Neither I am【解析】本題考查倒裝句的用法。原句是否定句,so開頭的倒裝句用于肯定句,所以排除A、B兩項。又因為倒裝句要用倒裝語序?！敬鸢浮?CSection B1.You took part in some volunteers during the summer holiday, didnt you? 你暑假參加了一些志愿活動，是嗎？ take part in 表示積極主動地“參加”某項活動。join 則表示“參加”某個黨派、組織等。有時join后面還可跟人 構(gòu)成join sb in doing sth，表示“加入某人當中去一起做某事”。 They _

13、the sports meet last week. 他們上周參加了運動會。 He _ an English club during the summer holidays. 暑假期間他加入了一個英語俱樂部。 Please _ us _ _. 請加入我們一起游泳吧。 這是一個反意疑問句。反意疑問句的構(gòu)成一般是遵循“前句肯定，問句否定”、“前句否定，問句肯定”的原則。如： He likes watching TV, _? 他喜歡看電視，對嗎？ They didnt finish their homework last night, _? 他們昨天晚上沒有完成作業(yè)，是嗎？ There is lit

14、tle water in the bottle, _? 瓶子沒有什么水了，是嗎？ Lets go to school, _ _? 咱們上學(xué)去，好嗎？ Please open the door, _ _? 請打開門，好嗎？ Dont make much noise, _ _? 不要大吵了，好嗎？2. What a wonderful experience! 多么精彩的體驗啊！ How interesting！真有趣！ 這是由what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，其中主語和謂語已經(jīng)省略。由what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句一般構(gòu)成為：What + a/an + 形容詞+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + 主語 + 謂語！What +

15、 形容詞 + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞 + 主語 + 謂語！ 由how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句一般構(gòu)成為： How + 形容詞/副詞 + 主語 + 謂語！ How + 主語 + 謂語！ How + 形容詞 + a/an + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語! _ kind girl she is! 她是一個多么善良的女孩??！ _ fast he is running! 他跑得真快！ _ I love you! 我很愛你！ _ fine weather we have today! 我們今天的天氣真好！ _ kind the girl is! 這個女孩真善良！ _ beautiful _ flower she ha

16、s! 她有一朵很美的花！3. Ive learned a lot from it. 我從中學(xué)到了很多。 learnfrom向某人學(xué)習(xí) We should _ Lei Feng. 我們應(yīng)該向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)。 We have _ a lot _ them. 我們向他們學(xué)到了很多知識。4. Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy. 盡管我沒有時間履行，我仍然感覺幸福。 though表示“雖然；盡管”，與although同義，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如： _ he was ill, he still kept on working till

17、five oclock this afternoon. 盡管他病了，但仍然連續(xù)工作到了下午五點。 _ he is in poor health, he works hard. 盡管他身體不好，他努力工作。 He failed in the exam _ he worked hard. 盡管他努力學(xué)習(xí)了，但是他考試還是失敗了。5. We also put on funny shows for a group of old people in a community. 我們也在社區(qū)為一群老年人演出有趣的節(jié)目。 put on 表示“穿上；上演”，后面跟名詞作賓語。代詞作賓語時代詞放在中間。 Its

18、cold outside. Please _ your coat. 外面很冷，請穿上你的大衣。 This jacket looks nice. Please _. 這件夾克看著不錯，請你穿上吧。 We _ an interesting show in the theatre last week. 我們上周在劇院演出了一個有趣的節(jié)目。6. To help others makes us happy. 幫助別人讓我們感覺幸福。 這里謂語動詞是makes，主語則是不定式to help others。當主語是不定式時，還可用形式主語it代替不定式，將真正的主語不定式放在句尾，構(gòu)成：_ _ us hap

19、py _. “make + 名詞 + 形容詞”，表示“使某人怎么樣”。如： What has _ you so _? 是什么讓你這么生氣？Section C1、She has seen the changes in Beijing herself. 她親眼目睹了北京的變化。See sth oneself 親眼目睹2、Big families were crowed into small houses.crowd - 擁擠, 擠,聚集(動詞)；人群，群眾；一群(名詞) crowded - 擁擠的(形容詞)3、Few children had the chance to receive a goo

20、d education.few后接可數(shù)名詞, 而little后接不可數(shù)名詞,兩者都表示否定含義 a few, a little兩者都表示肯定含義.4、People kept in touch with their friends and relatives far away mainly by letter or telegram.keep in touch with 與.保持聯(lián)系 get in touch with 與.取得聯(lián)系 lose touch with 與.失去聯(lián)系far away 遠方，遠 far away from 與.離得遠 5、China has developed rapi

21、dly since the reform and opening-up.since - 從以來 （介詞+連詞），是使用現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞，上面句子中的since是_詞since 后面的時間短語是過去的時間，后面的句子要使用過去時develop 動詞,發(fā)展 developed 形容詞，發(fā)達的 developing 形容詞，發(fā)展中的6、There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy peoples needs.satisfy 動詞，使?jié)M足，使?jié)M意 be satisfied with =be pleased with 對.感到滿意to sati

22、sfy peoples needs在句中做后置定語7、Beijing has made rapid progress and it has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.make progress 取得進步 make rapid progress=make progress rapidly 取得快速進展make progress with sth 在某方面取得進步 make progress (in) doing sth 做某事取得進步Section D1、People like to do to relax and e

23、njoy themselves 是定語從句，修飾things,翻譯時應(yīng)放在前面。 relax 動詞，放松 relaxed 形容詞，放松的enjoy oneself 玩得開心，自娛自樂enjoy doing sth 2、Chinese people have had more time to spend on various kinds of leisure activities. have time to do sth 有時間做某事 have a . time (in) doing sth 做某事開心/傷心spend 時間/金錢 on sth / (in) doing sth 花費時間/金錢在

24、某方面/做某事pay 金錢 for sth 為某物付了多少錢 物 cost sb 金錢 某物花費某人多少錢 It costs/cost sb 金錢 to do sth 做某事花了某人多少錢 It takes/took sb 時間 to do sth 做某事花了某人多少時間3、Many people stay at home having a rest, reading books and watching TV.having a rest, reading books and watching TV 做伴隨狀語，表示同stay at home同時發(fā)生4、They go to visit som

25、e places of interest, and some people even make a tour abroad to see the world.places of interest 名勝古跡 interest 名詞，興趣 interesting 有趣的 interested 感興趣的 be interested in sth / doing 對.感興趣 have / show interest in sth/ doing 有/展示出在某方面/做某事的興趣a tour abroad 出國旅行 home and abroad 國內(nèi)外【當堂小測】Section A練習(xí)題一、用have/

26、has gone to; have/has been to; have/has been in填空 1.Where _ she _? She _ the classroom? 2. “Where _ you _?” asked the man as soon as he met me. 3.How long _ her sister _ Japan? For about two years. 4. Kate and her father _ there since last year. 5. How many places _ you _since you came to China?二，選擇

27、題1,Where is your mom? She_the shop.A, has gone to B, has been to C, have gone to D, have been to2,-I didnt see you this noon. Where have you_? -The library. I borrowed some books.A, been to B, been C, gone D, gone to3,Were glad to see great changes_in our school.A, happened B, have happened C, took

28、place D, have taken place4, -Would you like to eat an apple? -No, thanks. I_one.A, had B, have C, have had D, will have5, -What a nice coat! -Yes. But it costs_that I cant afford it.A, so much B, so expensive C, too much D, too expensive6,I have_finished my homework when my mom came back home.A, nev

29、er B, often C, just D, ever7, -Why not see the movie with me? -Sorry, I_it.A,have seen B,will see C,see D,saw8, -Have you ever been to Beijing? -_. I have been there twice.A,Yes, I was. B, No, I wasnt C,Yes, I have D,No, I havent9,My uncle has_Fuzhou for 11years.A,been to B,been in C,gone to D,been

30、at10,_ the boys.A, Here B, Comes C, Here comes D, Here comeSection B練習(xí)題單選：( )1 . He didnt go to the concert yesterday, did he? _. He was busy studying for the tests . A. No, he didnt B. Yes, he did C. No, he did D. Yes, be didnt( ) 2. She can hardly write her own name, _? A. can sheB. cant sheC. nee

31、d sheD. neednt she( ) 3. Dont smoke in the reading room, _? 一Im sorry. I wont do it again. A. will you B. shall we C. do you( ) 4. Maria has few friends in China, _? A. has sheB. doesnt sheC. does she( ) 5. We forgot to bring our tickets , but please let us enter, ？ A. do you B. shall we C. will you

32、 ( ) 6. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how( ) 7. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an ( ) 8. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an( ) 9. _ lovely weather

33、we are having these days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an( ) 10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an( ) 11.Wenlong, _ your books, you must keep your room tidy. A. put on B. put off C. put out D. put away( ) 12.The Second Youth Olympic Games have been o

34、ver in Nanjing, many players from 205 nationals and regionals _ in it. And Im glad I _ the volunteers. A. joined in, joined B. took part in, joined C. joined, joined D. took part in, joined( ) 13.Playing sports _ to build us up. A. help B. helping C. helped D. helpsSection C練習(xí)題二、單項選擇( ) 1.The Greens

35、 _many places since they came here. A. have visited B. will visit C. visited D. visit( )2._ he _ the doctor the day before yesterday. A. Have; seen B. Has; seen C. Did; see D. Does; see( ) 3.-When _ the children _ the factory? - Last Sunday.A. did; visit B. will; visit C. would; visit D. have; visit

36、ed( ) 4.They _ the Summer Palace three times.A. have gone to B. have been to C. have been in D. have gone into( ) 5.That girl cant be Mary, for she _to London. A. has gone B. has been C. was going D. had gone三、用所給詞的正確形式填空1. The train _(just arrive). 2. The old man _(make)three model planes already.3

37、 .He _(die) for three years.4. Three years _(pass) since he left his hometown.5. They _(be)here since five days ago.6. I _(hear) from my father two weeks ago.7. So far, _ you _(learn) over 1000 words.8. She _(teach) Maths as long as 20 years.9. I _ never _ _(be) to America before.10. I wont go with

38、you because my sister _(lose) my ticket.11. Miss Gao isnt here. She _(go) to the station.12. If it _(not rain) tomorrow, well go to see the football match.13.-Where is Tom? -He _(look) for some information on the internet.14. We _(be) friends for over ten years.15. I _(sleep) in my bedroom at this t

39、ime yesterday.Section D一，用適當形式填空(1) A: you (make) your bed? B: Yes. I have.(2) I (water) the flowers already. (3) My mother (work) in the hospital for twenty years. (5) Lily Beijing twice.(6)I _ never _ (speak) to a foreigner.(7) _ Tom _ (return) the library book? -Yes, he has. -When _ he _ (return)

40、 it? -Half an hour ago.(8) I _ (not finish) my homework yet.(9) He _ (study) at this school for two years.(10) Wheres your mother? -She _ (go) to hospital.二、單項選擇( ) 1. _ the help of the government, the poor children can get _ good education. A. Under; a B. With; a C. Under; an D. With; an ( ) 2. -_

41、he ever _ abroad? -No, never. A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Has; been D. Has; gone ( ) 3. Though it was so cold, _ he went out without a coat. A. but B. or C. so D. / ( ) 4. -Hello, this is Lilys speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Lee? -Sorry, hes _ to Tianjin. A. been B. gone C. went D. go ( ) 5. Our job i

42、s _ the children. A. look after B. looks after C. to look after D. looked after ( ) 6.Leaf is an _ teacher, he is _ in many hobbies. A. interested, interested B. interesting, interesting C. interesting, interested D. interested, interesting ( ) 7. Mary _ just _ to New York. Shell not be back until n

43、ext Monday. A. have; been B. has; gone C. have; gone D. has; been ( ) 8.I like playing _ ping-pong, and Mr. Xie likes playing _ chess.A. the, the B./, / C. the, / D. /, the 【課后作業(yè)】. 單項選擇從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。( )1.Where are Maria and Kangkang?They _ England.A.have been toB.are awayC.have gone to

44、D.had been in( )2. How long have you been in Beijing？_A.Five years ago. B.Since five years ago. C.For five years ago. D.Since five years.( )3.I think that you have made rapid _ in math.A.a progressB.progressC.progressesD.progressed( )4.How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?Ive no idea. I _ there.A.have

45、 beenB. havent been toC.havent beenD.have been to( )5.What _ to your city in recent years?Lots of wide roads,tall buildings and beautiful parks have been built.A.takes placeB.have happenedC.has happenedD.happened( )6.Does your father still smoke?No, he has succeeded in_smoking for three years.A.givi

46、ng up B.give up C. gives upD. gave up( )7. In the past, I often wrote letters to my friends. But now we keep in touch _ each other by telephones and the Internet.A.to B.of C.for D.with( )8.The family was _ poor _ they couldnt buy a TV set.A.so; thatB.not; untilC.not; butD.so; but( )9._ my daughter i

47、s only ten years old, she knows a lot.What a clever girl!A.BecauseB.WhetherC.ThoughD.So( )10.Have you seen my brother?Yes. I _ him in the library five minutes ago.A.metB.have metC.meetD.have been met完形填空 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個能填入相應(yīng)空格內(nèi)的最佳答案?！癟hanks for our government. Thanks for providing us with s

48、uch a good training program. The training program will help us live well. I will study hard and learn different skills. After that I can 16 my family difficulties and do good to others.” a learner on the job training program said, feeling 17 .The learners father is disabled, and his mother is 18 in

49、bed. The family is very poor. So he has to find a job to make money. The learner graduated from high school and didnt have the 19 to go to the college. The job training program can help him to learn the skills that hell need in the work place.The story makes me think of another 20 . It goes like thi

50、s: Long long ago, there was a man who liked fishing a lot, and he was 21 to catch a lot of fish every day. He was a kind-hearted man, he always 22 his fish with his neighbors because they didnt know how to fish. One day, he thought that it would be great if he taught them how to fish. So he called t

51、hem together to show them how to fish. Everyone was happy as they could 23 the fish they caught by themselves.Now, there are still many poor people in the world. But its not good if we give only 24 to them. Instead, we should give them a chance to learn new skills. Therefore, technical traning is ve

52、ry important to people in need and they will learn the skills to 25 money. People can learn lots of useful things in the training program and what they learn can help them find jobs.( )16.A.solve B.changeC.studyD.find( )17.A.surpriseB.excitedC.relaxedD.interested( )18.A.aloneB.ill C.silent D.well( )

53、19.A.chanceB.reformC.machine D.report( )20.A.learnerB.familyC.story D.program( )21.A.able B.spare C.sorryD.afraid( )22.A.sharedB. hidC.gaveD.cooked( )23.A.saveB.touchC.eatD.feed( )24.A.timeB.fishC.clothingD.food( )25.A.giveB.payC.makeD.use閱讀理解When Mencius(孟子) was a little boy, his father died. Menci

54、us and his mother were quite poor. One day Mencius returned home from school and found his mother making some cloth. It was very beautiful and expensive.“How much of the book have you read today?” Mencius mother asked him. “I havent read any of it yet.” Mencius replied, “I played with some friends o

55、f mine in the fields.”When his mother heard this, she picked up a pair of scissors and cut the cloth.“Why did you cut your cloth?” Mencius asked, “It was beautiful but now youve wasted (浪費) it.” “You have wasted your time,” his mother said, “now I have wasted mine. Look what terrible things we have

56、done.”Mencius learnt a lot from this lesson. After that, he always studied hard.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。( )26.When did this story happen?A.Not long before liberation(解放).B.More than 2000 years ago.C.About 400 years ago.D.In the 18th century.( )27.What was Mencius doing while his mother was cutting the cloth?A.He was reading his book.B.He was playing in the fie