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1、專題五寫作,-2-,自2016年10月開始,浙江新高考發(fā)生了很大的變化,從題型上看,最大的變化體現(xiàn)在寫作上。寫作共分為兩節(jié):第一節(jié)是應(yīng)用文寫作;第二節(jié)是讀后續(xù)寫或概要寫作?？荚囌f明上明確說明:第二節(jié)“兩種形式在不同考次不定期的使用”。無論是“讀后續(xù)寫”還是“概要寫作”,要求考生首先需要閱讀350詞以內(nèi)的短文,在對所給文章精確理解的基礎(chǔ)上布局謀篇,這樣所續(xù)寫部分才不至于偏離主題。概括起來也就是:理解是起點(diǎn),表達(dá)更是挑戰(zhàn)。,-3-,依據(jù)普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語科考試說明(高考綜合改革試驗(yàn)省份試用)最新推出的寫作題型可知,浙江新高考英語試卷的寫作部分發(fā)生了巨大變化,變成了應(yīng)用文寫作和讀后續(xù)寫

2、或概要寫作兩部分。其中,應(yīng)用文寫作旨在考查考生對所學(xué)語言知識的實(shí)踐應(yīng)用,是測試考生的語言交際能力和語言運(yùn)用能力的有效題型?？季V要求考生根據(jù)所給情景,寫一篇80詞左右的短文。情景包括目的、對象、時間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容等;提供情景的方式有提綱、圖畫、圖表等。閱卷時主要考慮的內(nèi)容為:內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性及上下文的連貫性。,-4-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,應(yīng)用文寫作 命題分析 1.分值 滿分15分(占試卷總分的十分之一)。 2.題型特點(diǎn) 詞數(shù)80左右,為使行文連貫可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。 3.能力考查 在考查考生遣詞造句、布局謀篇能力的同時,更加側(cè)重考查考生的交際能力以及利用所學(xué)的知識解決實(shí)

3、際問題的能力。,-5-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,4.真題解讀,-6-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,5.應(yīng)用文寫作的評分原則及給分范圍 評分原則 1.本題總分為15分,按5個檔次給分。 2.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。 3.詞數(shù)少于60和多于100的,從總分中減去2分。 4.評分時,應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為:內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性及上下文的連貫性。 5.拼寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號是衡量語言準(zhǔn)確性的一個方面,評分時,應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。 6.如書寫較差,以至影響交際,將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔

4、次。,-7-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,各檔次的給分范圍和要求,-8-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,-9-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,-10-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,-11-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,6.失分的八大原因 (1)審題不仔細(xì),遺漏要點(diǎn) (2)過度不自然,單純翻譯 (3)邏輯不恰當(dāng),有悖常理 (4)表達(dá)不豐富,結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào) (5)語言不地道,漢式思維 (6)用詞不貼切,缺乏積累 (7)語法不正確,錯誤不斷 (8)書寫不規(guī)范,多詞少詞,-12-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,方法策略 一、把握高分作文的兩大特點(diǎn) (一)顏值高,注重外在美 1.書寫美觀 書面表達(dá)的得分不僅與內(nèi)容、語言有關(guān),而且與卷面書寫

5、也有關(guān)系。一篇好的書面表達(dá),如果加上工整漂亮的書寫,會使評分者耳目一新;如果字跡工整,大小寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)使用規(guī)范,易于辨認(rèn),會使得分檔次自然提高。反之,若字跡潦草,左圈右劃,此涂彼改,難于辨認(rèn),會令評分人眼花繚亂,得分檔次自然不會高。高考書面表達(dá)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對書寫有較高要求,一定要認(rèn)真、清楚、規(guī)范地書寫。保證卷面整潔,提高卷面的“顏值”。單詞與單詞之間的距離要適中,能寫下一個小寫字母a即可。單詞中字母之間的距離也要適當(dāng)。字母不可過大或過小,一般情況下每行可寫810個單詞。,-13-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,2.有氣質(zhì),注重內(nèi)在美 (1)要點(diǎn)齊全,覆蓋所有要點(diǎn) 根據(jù)題目所給的信息提示,列出寫作要點(diǎn),避免遺

6、漏。 (2)詞匯高級,應(yīng)用較多詞匯 將要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展成符合寫作要求的句子,避免英語漢語化。在保證正確的前提下,根據(jù)自己的語言表達(dá)能力,盡可能正確地使用高級詞匯。,-14-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,難詞優(yōu)先,狀元筆記以上五個高級詞匯既能修飾人,又能修飾物,務(wù)必記熟!,-15-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,短語優(yōu)先 活用短語是一個考生能力的體現(xiàn)。因此,我們可以掌握一些將某些常見單詞轉(zhuǎn)化為短語的用法。,狀元筆記最常見的換詞手段:形容詞=of+同根名詞 very important重要的of great importance very harmful有害的of great harm very valuable有

7、價(jià)值的of great value very significant至關(guān)重要的of great significance very useful有用的of great use very helpful有幫助的of great help,-16-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,“具體化”單詞優(yōu)先,-17-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(3)句式多樣,應(yīng)用較多語法結(jié)構(gòu) 避免句式單一,重復(fù),盡量使用地道的語法結(jié)構(gòu)或高級句式,提升表達(dá)水平。 我們還將一起度過有趣的時間,唱歌、跳舞和做游戲。(動詞-ing作伴隨狀語) Well also spend some fun time together . 我想請你為我校

8、英文報(bào)寫篇文章。(不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語) Id like to ask you for our schools English newspaper. 是因?yàn)榻煌ㄊ謸頂D我才遲到的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句) I arrived late. 如果你方便的話,我們就八點(diǎn)半在校門外見面。 ,lets meet at 8:30 outside the school gate.,singing,dancing and playing games,to write an article,It was because the traffic was very heavy that,If it is convenient fo

9、r you,-18-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(4)銜接自然,上下文銜接連貫 行文連貫化。根據(jù)行文的需要,添加適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞或過渡句。有時可以給出恰當(dāng)?shù)亩温渲行木浠蛭恼陆Y(jié)尾句,以使文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、邏輯明了,銜接自然,渾然一體。,-19-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,二、三步出美文 第一步,認(rèn)真審題、圈出要點(diǎn)。 包括審文體,審時態(tài)(主要用什么時態(tài)),審人稱(寫給誰,以第幾人稱寫),審要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)情景說明和寫作要點(diǎn)思考要寫哪些內(nèi)容,并在試卷上圈出來。 第二步,列出句子、譯成英語。 根據(jù)文體需要或主題需要,再結(jié)合常識,將不成句的要點(diǎn)拓展成57個句子(一般說來,有主語有謂語就是句子,即某人做某事或什么是什么等)

10、。將上述句子用英語表達(dá)出來,注意不要生硬地逐字逐句譯,要根據(jù)英語基本句型的結(jié)構(gòu)或文體的要求等用正確得體的英語表達(dá)出來即可。當(dāng)遇到難詞表達(dá)不了時,就用近義詞或句型,將大概意思表達(dá)出來就行。,-20-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,第三步,連句成文、規(guī)范謄寫 將上述句子連成一篇通順連貫的短文,必要時可能需要增加連詞連成并列句或主從復(fù)合句,或增加連接性副詞,如however,besides等。一手漂亮的英文字可能會讓閱卷老師為你的作文提高一個檔次。多得2分,你的人生可能會變得精彩萬分!,-21-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,三、如何寫 (一)邀請信 邀請信一般是邀請某人出席某儀式、參加某活動的信件或電子郵件。

11、一般邀請信由三部分構(gòu)成:第一部分進(jìn)行自我介紹、問候寒暄;在第二部分清楚地表達(dá)邀請的意圖以及具體時間、地點(diǎn)、場合,以及被邀請人需要做什么準(zhǔn)備、會進(jìn)行哪些活動等;在第三部分表達(dá)期待之意,以及聯(lián)系方式等。需要注意,邀請信中時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。 1.布局謀篇 要求敘事一定要清楚、明白,要寫清楚三個方面的內(nèi)容: (1)邀請對方參加活動的具體內(nèi)容、時間和地點(diǎn); (2)邀請對方的原因; (3)期待對方接受邀請。,-22-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,2.遣詞造句 (1)開頭:發(fā)出邀請 On behalf of them,I am writing to invite you. 作為他們的代表,我寫信是

12、想邀請你 Im now writing on behalf of.to invite you to e and attend it,if you can spare the time. 我現(xiàn)在代表寫信邀請您來參加,如果您能抽出時間的話。 I sincerely invite you to watch show because. 我誠摯地邀請您來看演出,因?yàn)?I wonder if youd like to go with me. 我想知道您是否想和我一起去。,-23-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(2)主體:活動內(nèi)容 Here is a brief schedule about this acti

13、vity.First and foremost,.In addition,.Last but not least,. 這是關(guān)于這次活動的簡要日程計(jì)劃表。首先,其次,最后, There will be many activities,such as.and so on. 將會有很多的活動,例如等。 (3)結(jié)尾:期待對方接受邀請 I sincerely hope you can accept our invitation/join us and I have the confidence that. 我真誠地希望你能接受我們的邀請/加入我們,并且我相信 Please let me know you

14、r decision if it is convenient for you. 方便的時候請告知我你的決定。,-24-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 (20176浙江)假定你是李華,計(jì)劃組織一次郊游,請給你的英國朋友Chris寫封郵件邀請他參加。內(nèi)容包括: 1.參加者; 2.時間、地點(diǎn); 3.活動:登山、野餐等。 注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。,-25-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,句式升級 1.I am writing to tell you that our school will hold an outgoing to West Hill this Sat

15、urday morning.(用被動語態(tài)改寫) I am writing to tell you that an outgoing to West Hill will be held this Saturday morning. 2.All the students in our class will take part in the outgoing.(將該句和上一句用定語從句合并) I am writing to tell you that an outgoing to West Hill will be held this Saturday morning,which all the s

16、tudents in our class will take part in. 3.Would you like to join us?If you would like to join us,Ill go to call for you at 8 oclock that morning.(用省略結(jié)構(gòu)改寫) Would you like to join us?If so,Ill go to call you at 8 oclock that morning.,-26-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞和句式完成寫作 One Possible Version: Dear Chris, I

17、am writing to tell you that an outgoing to West Hill will be held this Saturday morning,which all the students in our class will take part in.Additionally,there will be a few activities during the outgoing,such as climbing the hill,having a picnic together and so on. Would you like to join us?If so,

18、Ill go to call you at 8 oclock that morning. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua,-27-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(二)詢問信 詢問信是寫信人對某方面的信息感興趣,希望了解詳細(xì)信息的信件。通常包括三部分內(nèi)容: 1.說明自己的計(jì)劃或目的,也就是詢問信息的原因。 2.征詢具體信息。 3.期待回復(fù)并表示感謝。,-28-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,模板句式 1.開頭:提出詢問對象 (1)I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provi

19、de me with information regarding. 我寫信是想知道您能否給我提供有關(guān)的信息。 (2)Would you be so kind as to tell me.? 您能告訴我嗎? (3)Im writing to ask for more information about it. 我寫信來詢問更多關(guān)于它的信息。,-29-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,2.主體:詢問信中的內(nèi)容 (1)There is no doubt that I will get good grades. 毫無疑問我可以取得好成績。 (2)The most significant thing you s

20、hould keep in mind is that. 你應(yīng)該牢記的最重要的事情是 (3)By the way,do you need any other help?Please dont hesitate to let me know. 順便問一下,您需要其他的幫助嗎?請不要猶豫,隨時告知我們。,-30-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,3.結(jié)尾:詢問信的結(jié)尾 (1)I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding/concerning. 如果你能給我提供方面的信息我將不勝感激。 (2)Besides,is the

21、re anything that I should pay special attention to? 此外,有沒有我要特別注意的事情? (3)I am looking forward to your immediate response. 期待您及時答復(fù)。,-31-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 (201610浙江)假定你是李華。下學(xué)期你將作為交換生 (exchange student) 去加拿大一所高中學(xué)習(xí),住在Lynn家里。請給Lynn寫一封郵件,內(nèi)容包括: 1.介紹自己; 2.告知到達(dá)時間; 3.詢問應(yīng)做何準(zhǔn)備。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。,-3

22、2-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,句式升級 1.Im Li Hua and I am an exchange student from China.(用同位語改寫) Im Li Hua,an exchange student from China. 2.I wonder if you could give me some advice. I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada.(用結(jié)果狀語合并句子) I wonder if you could give me some advice so that I can get mysel

23、f better prepared for my stay in Canada.,-33-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞和句式完成寫作 One possible version: Dear Lynn, Im Li Hua,an exchange student from China.Im happy to know that Ill be staying with your family in the next few months while Im studying at the local high school.Thank you for having me!I will ar

24、rive in Toronto on August 20th and get to your place late that afternoon.I wonder if you could give me some advice so that I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada. Looking forward to seeing you! Best wishes, Li Hua,-34-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(三)申請信 申請信有很多種,比如求職申請、加入某組織、活動的申請、報(bào)考申請、學(xué)位或留學(xué)申請等等。其目的在

25、于讓對方了解自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、能力、成就以及愿望等,所以個人情況的介紹應(yīng)該是求職信的核心內(nèi)容,應(yīng)盡可能向?qū)Ψ秸f明本人的長處,以便留下好印象,獲得面談的機(jī)會。由于此類文章常有較多的文字提示,寫作時除應(yīng)注意格式上的要求外,也應(yīng)注意審題全面,不能遺漏要點(diǎn),并要注意人稱和時態(tài)的變化,避免出現(xiàn)邏輯混亂。 其結(jié)構(gòu)為:,-35-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,常用句式 開頭: I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for. 我特地寫信給貴方,對于您最近在廣告上登出的招聘的信息,我很感興趣。 結(jié)尾: I would

26、 be grateful if you could consider my request,and Im looking forward to your early reply. 如果您能夠考慮一下我的請求,我將不勝感激,盼望您的早日回復(fù)。,-36-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 假定你是李華,亞洲冬季運(yùn)動會將在你居住的地方舉辦,現(xiàn)正在招募志愿者,你希望成為其中一員。請按要求用英語給組委會寫一封80詞左右的申請信。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括: 1.個人情況:年齡、性別、學(xué)歷; 2.個人條件:英語好、愛好體育、善于交往、樂于助人; 3.承諾:提供最佳服務(wù)。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以

27、使行文連貫。,-37-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,句式升級 1.I would like to work as a volunteer for the Asian Winter Games.(用動詞-ing形式短語作定語改寫) I would like to be one of the volunteers working for the Asian Winter Games. 2.I get along with others easily and I am ready to give help whenever it is needed.(用形容詞短語作狀語改寫) I get along w

28、ith others easily,ready to give help whenever it is needed. 3.My promise is to offer the best service possible to the people at the Games.(改為含有同位語從句的復(fù)合句) I make a promise that I will offer the best service possible to the people at the Games.,-38-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,4.I would be grateful for your considera

29、tion of my request.(用含有appreciate的句型改寫) I would appreciate it if you could consider my request.,-39-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞和句式完成寫作 One possible version: Dear Sir/Madam, My name is Li Hua.I would like to be one of the volunteers working for the Asian Winter Games.I am a boy of 16 and I am studying at hi

30、gh school now.I am good at English and I like sports.Moreover,I get along with others easily,ready to give help whenever it is needed.My promise is to offer the best service possible to the people at the Games. I would appreciate it if you could consider my request,and Im looking forward to your ear

31、ly reply. Yours faithfully, Li Hua,-40-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(四)建議信 建議信是生活中常見的一種文體,是寫信人向收信人對某事提出的建議和忠告。建議信可能是寫給個人,也可能是寫給某個組織或機(jī)構(gòu),信的內(nèi)容要包括寫信的原因,建議的內(nèi)容,提出建議的理由。建議信要寫得簡明扼要、目的明確、具有合理性和說服力。,-41-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,一、基本框架: 具體寫作步驟一般是“三段式”,通常以firstly,secondly,thirdly或to begin/start with,then,later,last but not least等依次陳述建議,具體

32、為: 第一段:表明寫作意圖。陳述事由,簡單介紹自己,注意語氣。 第二段:應(yīng)該首先肯定對方的優(yōu)點(diǎn),然后再寫需要改進(jìn)的地方或針對具體情況提出具體的建議或忠告。注意千萬不要讓別人以為你是在投訴。 第三段:對提出的建議進(jìn)行總結(jié)。要注意有禮貌,使讀者容易接受。,-42-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,二、注意事項(xiàng): 1.注意時態(tài)和人稱的正確使用。 2.注意論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)之間的銜接過渡。 3.注意英文標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的正確使用和流利的書寫。 常用句式 1.You have asked me for my advice with regard to.and I will try to make some useful sug

33、gestions. 你詢問我關(guān)于的意見,我會盡量提出一些有用的建議。 2.I feel that it would be beneficial if. 我認(rèn)為如果,那將是有益的。 3.I hope you will find these suggestions useful. 我希望你會覺得這些建議有用。,-43-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【寫作范式必備】 寫作模板: Dear. Im writing to ask if you. My suggestions are.First,.Second,. I hope you will consider my advice. Yours, Li H

34、ua,-44-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 假如你是張凱,你收到了你的朋友李華寄給你的一封信。他在英語學(xué)習(xí)中遇到了一些諸如如何寫英語作文等方面的困難,由此他感覺喪失了學(xué)習(xí)英語的信心。同時,他有強(qiáng)烈的學(xué)好英語的愿望。請你給他寫一封回信。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括: 1.鼓勵他不要灰心; 2.給他提出一些英語學(xué)習(xí)特別是英語寫作方面的建議。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。,-45-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,句式升級 1.Many students find that writing well is difficult.(用it作形式賓語改寫) Many students fin

35、d it difficult to write well. 2.Study hard and you can improve your English writing.(改為含有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句) You can improve your English writing as long as you study hard.,-46-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞和句式完成寫作 One possible version: Dear Li Hua, Ive received your letter and Im glad to give you some suggestions. F

36、irst of all,dont be disappointed.Many students find it difficult to write well.In my opinion,if you want to improve your writing,you should do the following things.First,do some studying with setting phrases and structures.Second,read English as much as possible.There are many things that cant be le

37、arnt immediately.Finally,youd better recite some good passages.Im sure you can improve your English writing as long as you study hard. Good luck for you! Yours truly, Zhang Kai,-47-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(五)感謝信 感謝信是對收信人表示感謝的信件,通常用于在收到別人的邀請、受到別人的表揚(yáng)或幫助時表達(dá)謝意。 常用句式 (1)I am writing to express my sincere gratitude

38、for (感謝的原因1).I would also like to thank you for your (感謝的原因2). (2)Your help is very much appreciated by each of us.我們每個人都非常感謝你的幫助。 (3)Again,I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.,-48-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 假定你是高三學(xué)生李華。請給英語老師Jack寫一封信,表達(dá)對他的感謝。內(nèi)容包括: 1.感謝的理由。(可結(jié)合具體事例,如學(xué)習(xí)中經(jīng)歷的

39、困難或取得的成績) 2.表達(dá)真摯的感謝和祝福。 注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右,開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好; 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),使行文連貫。,-49-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,Dear Jack, Im Li Hua,one of your students._ _ _ _ Yours sincerely, Li Hua,-50-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,句式升級 表達(dá)感激 1.I am writing to say thank you to you.(用convey改寫) I am writing to convey my heartfelt thanks to you. 2.You gave me t

40、imely encouragement.Your encouragement got me back on track.(用定語從句合并句子) You offered timely encouragement and tutored me after class,which got me back on track. 3.You offer me much help and I really appreciate it.(用定語從句改寫) I really appreciate all the help you offer to me.,-51-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞和句式完

41、成寫作 One possible version: Dear Jack, Im Li Hua,one of your students.And I am writing to convey my heartfelt thanks to you. Looking back,I was absent-minded in class and never really got involved in learning.I was upset and discouraged because of poor performances in exams.Fortunately,you offered tim

42、ely encouragement and tutored me after class,which got me back on track.Thanks to your help,my efforts paid off and now I feel crazy about English. I really appreciate all the help you offer to me.Wish you all the best! Yours sincerely, Li Hua,-52-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,附: 寫作易錯詞匯大盤點(diǎn) (1)affect vt.影響;effect n.效

43、果;effort n.努力 (2)thought vt.想(過去式);though盡管;through通過 (3)test n./v.測試;text n.文本;課本 (4)chance n. 機(jī)會;change n.零錢/vt.改變 (5)prize n. 獎;price n.價(jià)格 (6)thing n. 東西;think v.想 (7)three people/three persons 三個人 (8)experience v./n. 經(jīng)歷;experiment n.實(shí)驗(yàn) (9)succeed v.成功;success n. 成功;successful adj. 成功的 (10)health

44、 n.健康;healthy adj.健康的 (11)attract vt.吸引;attack n.襲擊,-53-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,讀后續(xù)寫 命題分析 作為一種將閱讀與寫作緊密結(jié)合的考查形式,讀后續(xù)寫旨在考查考生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。所提供的語言材料的體裁以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主。讀后續(xù)寫除了要求考生掌握豐富的詞匯和句式外,還注重考查學(xué)生在內(nèi)容構(gòu)思和情節(jié)銜接方面的能力。 從考查形式上看,試卷提供一段語言材料,要求考生依據(jù)該材料內(nèi)容、所給段落開頭語和所標(biāo)示關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,將其發(fā)展成一篇與給定材料有邏輯銜接、情節(jié)和結(jié)構(gòu)完整的短文。 1.原文材料350詞以內(nèi),所續(xù)寫文章150詞左右。 2.原文多

45、是情節(jié)豐富的記敘文,偶有少量的議論文。 3.原文給出10處左右的標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語,所續(xù)寫短文應(yīng)使用5個以上。,-54-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,4.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段開頭語已經(jīng)給出。 5.續(xù)寫部分兩大類別: 半開放性質(zhì):必須依據(jù)文章的語境邏輯推理續(xù)寫。 完全開放性質(zhì):可以依據(jù)文章的思路,自己發(fā)揮。,-55-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,方法策略 一、遵循兩個原則 1.立足原文,合理拓展 段落開頭語與傳統(tǒng)寫作中的開頭語類似,在某種程度上引導(dǎo)你的思路向哪方面發(fā)展,所續(xù)寫部分不能脫離各自的段落開頭語,而是要在其基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行拓展發(fā)揮。不能隨心所欲地寫,而是要在所給段落開頭和所標(biāo)示關(guān)鍵詞的幫助下完成續(xù)

46、寫。再構(gòu)思是要抓住故事的敘事線索,依據(jù)原文的寫作思路續(xù)寫文章,并適當(dāng)發(fā)散思維。,-56-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,2.讀寫并重,精確理解 續(xù)寫所給語言材料多是記敘文之故事類文章,情節(jié)曲折跌宕,線索性和邏輯性較強(qiáng)。需要考生在寫作前對給定材料精確理解,這樣所續(xù)寫部分才不至于偏離主題,就這方面而言,讀后續(xù)寫有點(diǎn)類似閱讀理解題中對文章后續(xù)發(fā)展的推斷,如:What would happen next? 此外,續(xù)寫部分的思路和內(nèi)容并不一定是唯一的,因此考生在寫作時可根據(jù)自己對上文材料的理解,對文章的結(jié)尾做出不同的詮釋。,-57-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,二、續(xù)寫步驟 1.仔細(xì)審題,明確續(xù)寫要求。 2.速讀

47、全文,確定文章線索。 每篇文章都有各自獨(dú)特的寫作思路。通過速讀文章,找到該篇文章的寫作線索,如是以時間為線索還是以空間為線索等,抓住文中的關(guān)鍵詞(時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等)。這樣有利于我們“順藤摸瓜(結(jié)尾)”。 3.剖析原文,揣摩續(xù)寫思路。 后續(xù)情節(jié)一般為故事的高潮或延續(xù),是原作者聲音的延續(xù)、態(tài)度的延伸,因此在寫作時要根據(jù)文章后面的要求,再次快速回讀短文,抓住文章的思路,結(jié)合續(xù)寫段段首的提示語,最終確定續(xù)寫段落的思路,同時結(jié)合文章中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語,確定續(xù)寫段落的內(nèi)容。同時還要尋求前文與續(xù)寫段段首句之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,站在作者的角度,設(shè)計(jì)并發(fā)展情節(jié),想象要合理,情節(jié)要連貫。,-58-,考點(diǎn)1,

48、考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,4.再讀文章,提煉精華。 所選材料都是語言地道、正能量的文章,因此,在寫作時要注意精神元素的提煉,比如:2017年6月浙江高考的素材,我們可以從“樂于助人、珍愛生命、學(xué)會合作、心存感激”等方面提煉,這樣把事物美好的一面展示出來。 5.擬定草稿,修改潤色。 利用自己已有的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn),在繼承原作者風(fēng)格和語言基礎(chǔ)之上,準(zhǔn)確、地道地?cái)M定草稿。同時還要注意提高關(guān)聯(lián)詞與過渡語的使用率,增強(qiáng)整句表現(xiàn)力。注意修改草稿中的錯誤,標(biāo)出續(xù)寫部分中使用到的原材料中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(5個以上)。 需要說明的是,如果所給短文為議論文,因?yàn)樽h論文中的段落首句多為主題句,觀點(diǎn)鮮明。故續(xù)寫時,要圍繞段落分論

49、點(diǎn)確定論證方法,如正反對比、例證等。,-59-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,三、注意事項(xiàng) 1.詞數(shù)要求:詞數(shù)少于130詞的,從總分中減去2分。 2.與所給短文及段落開頭語的銜接程度。 3.內(nèi)容的豐富性和對所標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞語的應(yīng)用。 4.應(yīng)用語言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性。 5.上下文的連貫性。,-60-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(20186浙江) It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West. We

50、took a plane to Albuquerque,a big city in the state of New Mexico.We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon.Uncle Paul,my dads friend,picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos. His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle.My dad and

51、 I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.Very early in the morning,Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast.“The day starts at dawn on my farm,”he said.After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens,while my dad

52、went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草).I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.,-61-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,In the afternoon,I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride,and he said yes,as long as my dad went with me.I wasnt going to take a horse r

53、ide by myself anyway.So,my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats,got on our horses,and headed slowly towards the mountains.“Dont be late for supper,”Uncle Paul cried,“and keep to the track so that you dont get lost!”“OK!”my dad cried back.After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight.

54、It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks,the deep green pine trees,and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene.It looked like a beautiful woven(編織的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.,-62-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,注意: 1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右; 2.至少使用5個短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語; 3.續(xù)寫部

55、分分為兩段,每段的開頭語已為你寫好; 4.續(xù)寫完成后,請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。,Paragraph 1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Paragraph 2: We had no idea where we were and it got dark.,-63-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【試題解讀】 今年的續(xù)寫題目,語言簡單,但卻很到位地表達(dá)了假期的溫馨,似乎讓人聞到了空氣的清新、感受到了農(nóng)場度假的新奇和閑適。這種氣氛也是應(yīng)該貫穿始終的,即使有了迷路的插曲,整個故事還是應(yīng)該遵循清新、自然的風(fēng)格。閱讀

56、文本中主要講述了“父親帶兒子去西部荒野,喂雞牧羊,體驗(yàn)農(nóng)場生活;見父親和叔叔騎馬很是瀟灑,兒子心生向往,于是親身上馬體驗(yàn)”的故事。與此同時,結(jié)合提供的兩段開頭,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),時態(tài)要考慮用一般過去時態(tài)為主,人稱以第一人稱為主。同時要兼顧詞數(shù)的要求,不要過多,關(guān)鍵詞列出5個以上,需要均勻分布在兩段中?？忌⒁鈳讉€關(guān)鍵信息和情節(jié)變化并結(jié)合給出提示的兩段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行合理構(gòu)思。,-64-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【寫作要點(diǎn)】 2016年10月浙江高考讀后續(xù)寫題講的是“Jane和丈夫Tom吵架之后在森林里迷路”,但2018年6月的浙江讀后續(xù)寫題里的“我”有爸爸陪伴在側(cè),迷路了還能感受到假期的美好,那才是真正

57、的“a vacation like never before”。在語言上,該題的語言比較簡單,沒有復(fù)雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)或者高級的辭藻,續(xù)寫的段落和原文要做到無縫銜接,除了要考慮情節(jié)續(xù)寫合理外,也需考慮語言風(fēng)格上的一致。,-65-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【可用素材】 詞匯 已給提示詞匯:dad,Uncle Paul,farm house,river,feed,sheep,late, track,get lost,sight 話題激活詞匯: 情感:panic,relief,nervous,worried; 動作:run,cry,think to oneself; 環(huán)境:scenery,mountain

58、,range,valley,river,lake,forest,sun,set,wind, blow,-66-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【注意事項(xiàng)】 (1)注意閱讀材料交代的信息,理清文章的脈絡(luò)和關(guān)系:出游西部,心情愉悅到達(dá)農(nóng)莊,好奇不已喂雞養(yǎng)羊,體驗(yàn)生活騎馬誘惑,躍躍欲試與父同行,策馬飛奔突現(xiàn)兔子,不知所措迷路險(xiǎn)情,如何回家等。 (2)讀懂閱讀材料,找到原作者的伏筆,推測原作者的寫作脈絡(luò)和結(jié)局。 (3)認(rèn)真閱讀所續(xù)寫兩段的不同?？紤]選擇哪些關(guān)鍵詞:dad, Uncle Paul,farm house,river,feed,sheep,late,track,get lost,sight等。同時

59、根據(jù)情節(jié),需要儲備一些詞匯,如:哭了出來let out a cry;然而however;嚇壞了be scared;保持鎮(zhèn)定keep calm;如釋重負(fù)to my relief;迷路get lost;累exhausted;餓hungry;回家find our way back;求救幫助shout for help;不久之后before long;看到we caught sight of 等等。,-67-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【范文賞讀】 Paragraph 1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.Afraid t

60、hat I might hurt the lovely small creature,I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse.However,it became scared and started to run like crazy.All this ing,without warning,I was seized by fear.“Dont let go the rope!Keep calm!” yelled Dad.I followed what he told me to.To my relief,it stopped slowly

61、.But before we jumped off the horses,we found that we had been off the beaten track and got lost.,-68-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,Paragraph 2: We had no idea where we were and it got dark.Exhausted and hungry,I wondered if we could find our way back. I kept shouting for help,hoping my shouts could be heard by some

62、one,but there was no reply.Dad sounded a little worried as he reminded me to calm down.It was then that my mind raced.“Listen,Dad,the rushing river water,” I shouted excitedly,“we can return to the farm house down the river.” Before long,we caught sight of the lights in the distance.We knew we were

63、safe.What a thrilling vacation,like never before,we had!,-69-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【賞析】 該句很好地承接了開頭句,為下文的闡述做好了鋪墊。同時語言中采用了獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu),體現(xiàn)了作者較好的語言運(yùn)用能力。 該句中用However進(jìn)行了較好地上下文轉(zhuǎn)折,同時語句中使用了run like crazy,體現(xiàn)了馬受驚后的險(xiǎn)象環(huán)生,使得情節(jié)非常豐富多彩。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),體現(xiàn)了作者良好的寫作能力和極強(qiáng)的語言把控能力。 該部分描繪了我們迷路后的狀態(tài),用詞exhausted和hungry來體現(xiàn)父子當(dāng)時的囧況,同時 I wondered if we co

64、uld find our way back也間接表達(dá)了作者對當(dāng)時狀況的不確定和焦慮。,-70-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,【點(diǎn)評】 全文能根據(jù)要求和提示把未寫完部分補(bǔ)充完整,使之渾然一體。文章續(xù)寫與所給短文及段落開頭語的銜接程度基本一致,同時文章應(yīng)用了豐富的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯,保持了上下文的連貫性。作者對父子迷路的后續(xù)故事有較好的把握。能抓住who,when,where,why,what和how六大要素進(jìn)行剖析,理清了閱讀材料的前后邏輯順序和預(yù)測故事發(fā)展趨勢和方向,總體較好地完成了寫作要求。,-71-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,真題演練 【真題1】(201711浙江) A Vacation with

65、My Mother I had an interesting childhood.It was filled with surprise and amusements,all because of my motherloving,sweet,yet absent-minded and forgetful.One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her.,-72-,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota, and my parents decided to spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way.As the first day of our trip approached,David,my eight-year-old brother,and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends.Who knew if wed ever see them again