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1、賓語(yǔ)從句的用法,賓語(yǔ) 從句是主從復(fù)合句中最常見的從句之一。 它作及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或者某些形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。,-Jessica,一、教學(xué)任務(wù) 復(fù)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句 二、重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn) 1、由不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的 賓語(yǔ)從句 2、賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化,不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和連接副詞 where,how,why,when 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,1、that引導(dǎo)的從句（在非正式場(chǎng)合that可 以省略）,可跟that從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常用的有：,Say , think ,

2、believe , wish , hope , agree See , hear , feel , wonder , afraid ,know,The letter says (that) they are arriving on Sunday.,Lets suppose (that) one day this happens to you.,1）信上說(shuō)，他們將在 星期天到達(dá)。,2）讓我們假設(shè)，有一天這事發(fā)生在你身上。,He knows (that) he should work hard.,3）他知道他必須努力工作,4）她擔(dān)心會(huì)忘了英語(yǔ),*經(jīng)常在及物動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)從句之間插入一個(gè) 間接賓語(yǔ)（人）

3、*,*在動(dòng)詞 think ,believe, suppose 等后面， 賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式前移 *,他對(duì)我說(shuō),她犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,1) 我認(rèn)為你是不對(duì)的,She was afraid(that) she would forget her English.,He told me that she was wrong,I dont think you are right.,2)我認(rèn)為他不在乎，是嗎？,3)我們相信他還沒有做完他的工作,I dont suppose he cares,does he?,We didnt believe he had finished his work,*許多帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子

4、，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。*,1)我們認(rèn)為，他對(duì)于每個(gè)人都說(shuō)了謊是錯(cuò)的。,2)他認(rèn)為，我失去這次機(jī)會(huì)很可惜。,We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.,He thought it a pity that I missed the chance,2.由whether,if 引導(dǎo)。,1）不知您是否愿意幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。,2）我想知道是否他明年要參軍,3）他問(wèn)我是否是我打碎了他的杯子,I wonder if you can help me with my English .,I wonder if/wheth

5、er he will join the army next year.,He asked me if I broke his glass.,*If ,whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意思相同“是否”,一般情況下可以互換。 但是以下幾種情況，須用whether，不能用if.,4）他不確定他是否有時(shí)間。,Hes not sure whether/if hell have time.,a)在帶to的不定式前,1)我們決定是否要步行去那兒。,2)他們正在談?wù)撌欠褚獏⒓舆@個(gè)會(huì)議。,We decided whether to walk there.,They are discussing whether t

6、o take part in the meeting.,b)在介詞的后面,Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film.,His mother isnt angry about whether he cant pass the exam,1）我正在考慮是否應(yīng)該去看電影。,2）他是否能通過(guò)考試，他的母親并不生氣。,C)直接與or not連用時(shí),We must leave whether it will be fine or not.,They cant decide whether to go or stay.,I cant say wh

7、ether or not thet can come on time.,1）無(wú)論天氣晴否，我們必須開。,2）我說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)他們是否按時(shí)趕到。,3）他們不能決定是去還是留。,以下三種情況，用if不用whether.,a)if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如果”。,b) if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。,c)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句even if（即使）和as if（好象）時(shí),如果天氣晴朗，同學(xué)們要去野餐。,他問(wèn)我昨天是否沒來(lái)上課。,他說(shuō)話的口氣好象他已經(jīng)全部都知道了。,The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.,He asked if I didnt come to

8、school yesterday,He talks as if he has known all about it.,3)連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,英語(yǔ)中的連接代詞有who,whom,whose,which, what,在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。,英語(yǔ)中的連接副詞有when,where,why,how， 在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。,Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?,She asked whose jacket it was.,Please tell me what youve done.,1）你能告訴我在等誰(shuí)嗎？,（作賓語(yǔ)）,2）

9、他問(wèn)這是誰(shuí)的上衣。,（作定語(yǔ)）,3）請(qǐng)告訴我你都做了什么。,（作賓語(yǔ)）,Do you know when theyll be back?,I want to know where she lives,Mr Hu asked him why he was late for school again.,Please tell me how you did it.,4)你知道他們何時(shí)回來(lái)嗎？,5）我想知道她住在哪里。,6）胡老師問(wèn)他為什么上學(xué)又遲到了。,7）請(qǐng)告訴我你是怎么做的。,* 可用連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的 賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有 * See,say,tell,ask,answer,kno

10、w,decide, remember,find out,show,choose,forget等,賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序,陳述句語(yǔ)序： 連接代詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分,1）我不知道他們?cè)谡沂裁?2）你能告訴我火車什么時(shí)候開走嗎？,3）你能想象出他是哪種人嗎？,I dont know what they are looking for.,Could you tell me when the train will leave?,Can you imagine what kind of man he is?,1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。,2主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句須用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形

11、式。,3注意：當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí)， 即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。,我聽說(shuō)他昨天去北京了。,她很抱歉沒有按時(shí)完成工作,奶奶告訴我太陽(yáng)從東方升起。,I hear that he went to Beijing yesterday.,She was sorry that she hadnt finished her work on time.,Grandma told me the sun rises in the east.,主句與從句的時(shí)態(tài),The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that th

12、ey _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be),have returned,goes,were playing,were doing,had been,Exercise,7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) 8.I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) 9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) 10.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be),travels,are talking,were,will be,