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1、2013高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)題思路點(diǎn)撥及增分訓(xùn)練閱讀理解031. 尋找主題句，確定文章主題 在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說(shuō)明文和議論文時(shí)，根據(jù)其篇章特點(diǎn)我們可以通過(guò)尋找短文的主標(biāo)題位于文章之首，用來(lái)高度概括文章內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明文章主題。它的特點(diǎn)是：短小精悍，多為一短語(yǔ)；涵蓋性強(qiáng)，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當(dāng)，既不能太大，也不能太小。精確性強(qiáng)，不能隨意改變語(yǔ)言表意的程度及色彩。在選擇標(biāo)題時(shí)，要注意三點(diǎn)：第一：要在閱讀原文的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)考慮這句話或短語(yǔ)與文章主題是否有密切的聯(lián)系；第二：再看它對(duì)文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何；第三：要注意題目是過(guò)大還是過(guò)小。答案速遞I. 1. A 。短文中沒(méi)有主題句，通過(guò)仔細(xì)閱

2、讀全文，從例證關(guān)系來(lái)分析，本文的主題思想應(yīng)歸納為：People enjoy different kinds of recreation. 因此，A為正確答案。2. A 。上面這段話的主題句位于本段的中間：The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cost American autoworkers their jobs as some experts expected. 據(jù)此，此題的正確答案應(yīng)為A.。3. C。四項(xiàng)選擇中A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容太具體，不能概括段落的主旨思想。B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容又太籠統(tǒng)，超出了作者的原意。只有C項(xiàng)才準(zhǔn)確地概括出段落的主旨思想。4. D 。這一

3、篇短文前幾句只講述了具體情況，均不具備主題句的特征，只有最后一句話是概括性的、總結(jié)性的，因此本段的最后一句是主題句，故正確答案是D。5. D這是一篇報(bào)道，文章的第一段只有兩句話：“20個(gè)學(xué)生(2女18男)有充分的理由為自己感到自豪，因?yàn)樗麄儕Z得了第五屆華羅庚杯數(shù)學(xué)競(jìng)賽的金獎(jiǎng)，是4百萬(wàn)參賽學(xué)生中的佼佼者”，下文接著對(duì)競(jìng)賽的有關(guān)情況進(jìn)行報(bào)道，因此，第一段實(shí)際上就是這篇報(bào)道的主題句。A、B、C分別只包含了報(bào)道的部分信息，顯然不合題意；D選項(xiàng)與主題句的意思完全一致，因此是正確答案。II. D。文章以月球人的問(wèn)題Why are you traveling to outer space when you

4、dont even use your inner space? 引起話題，接著講敘了人類(lèi)目前對(duì)地下空間的利用現(xiàn)狀，結(jié)尾以地下空間開(kāi)發(fā)的支持者的話點(diǎn)題 building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earths space。A選項(xiàng)只是本文話題的部分意思，不是主要話題；B選項(xiàng)與文章的意思無(wú)關(guān)；文章主要是講地下空間的開(kāi)發(fā)利用，而不是講如何享受地下生活，因此C選項(xiàng)與文章的主題也無(wú)關(guān)；D選項(xiàng)符合文章的主要內(nèi)容，與主題句的意思一致，因此，是該題的正確答案。單詞百寶箱brew n. 調(diào)制,釀造He brewed cups of

5、thick Turkish coffee.他調(diào)制了幾杯很濃的土耳其咖啡。ingredients n. (混合物的)組成部分; 配料; 構(gòu)成要素,因素Flour and fat are the most important ingredients.面粉和油脂是最重要的配料。breeze n. 微風(fēng),輕風(fēng)It was steaming hot; there was no breeze at all.天氣悶熱,一點(diǎn)風(fēng)也沒(méi)有。insatiable adj. 不知足的, 貪求無(wú)厭的The young man has an insatiable hunger for knowledge.這個(gè)年輕人有著一副

6、永不滿足的求知欲。orientation n. 方向,目標(biāo)The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation.蜿蜒的小徑使徒步旅行者迷失了方向。insult v. vt.侮辱,辱罵You will insult her if you dont go to her party.你要是不去參加她舉辦的聚會(huì),就對(duì)她太無(wú)禮了。acquaintance n. . 熟人We talked as if we were old acquaintances.我們就好像是老相識(shí)般談話。rung n.地位, 橫檔Hard work and lo

7、ng hours are rungs in the ladder of success. 刻苦努力和孜孜不倦是成功的階梯。wilderness n. n. 荒野, 茫茫一片, 大量, 荒地The surrounding country is a wilderness of sand. 周?chē)敲ＣＲ黄笆亍?時(shí)文閱讀Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were better at performing a particular task than other clan members, so then began to spe

8、cialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced.People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Spe

9、cialization also give people more free time. So art ,dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started.Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists toda

10、y. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier.However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and

11、 improve our environment.1 Early tribes didnt have much effect on animal population because_A .they kept animals for themselves B they ate only vegetablesC they loved animals D they killed only enough for food2 The main purpose for small clans to join together was_A to hurt animals B to seek safety

12、C to share caves D to protect environment3 According to the passage ,we can learn that_A early people moved to new places looking for new sources of foodB modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groupsC modern advancements are always good for the environmentD people beg

13、an to exchange goods because they didnt have enough money 4 It can be concluded from the passage that_A human progress has brought civilization to the societyB civilization has improved traditional forms of workC early people understood environmental protectionD our environment has been affected by

14、human progressMother Knows Best?Once while being prepared for a television interview, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. I made the point that one reason were seeing more stay-at-home dads may be that its no longer a given (a known fact) that a man makes more money than his wif

15、e. Many families now take earning power into account when deciding which parent will stay home.At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loud enough for my benefits, “It should be the better parent who stays at home”. A lot of guys say things like that.I was a stay

16、-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited.It implied that our familys choice could only have been correct if I was a “better” parent than my wife.I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this kind of thinking. I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began s

17、taying home my wife was the “better” parent: she had spent more time with our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice, hed have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable one, my wife went out to work and I looked after our son.Know what? I caught up. Bec

18、ause of the increased time I spent with him, I soon knew him well, understood what he needed and could look after him more or less as my wife could. Actually, the experience helped me unlock one of the worlds great secrets: Women are good at looking after the children because they do it. Its not bec

19、ause of any born female gift or a mothers instinctwhich I think is mostly learned anyway. Its because they put in the time and attention required to become good at the job.Women obviously get a biological head start from giving birth and nursing, but over the long term experience is more important.

20、When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good? I dont know. Who cares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are capable of looking after them besides Mom.64.Which of the following does the first paragraph imply?A. Men are no longer given the chance to stay at home as they used t

21、o.B. In some families the wives are earning more than their husbands.C. The author is telling the readers that he works in the TV station. D. There are more stay-at- home fathers than stay-at-home mothers. 65. The author decided to stay at home eight years ago because _.A. it was easier for his wife

22、 to find a job B. he thought he was the better fatherC. their son liked him a little bit better D. he was earning more than his wife did66. Women are better than men at taking care of children because _.A. they were born with the ability B. they love children and enjoy it C. they spend more time doi

23、ng itD. they have learned it at school67. Which of the following is the authors conclusion drawn at the end?A. He is better than his wife at taking care of children.B. He is as good as his wife at taking care of children.C. Either fathers or mothers can take care of children.D. Both fathers and mothers cannot take care of children.64-67 BACC