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題 目:
ZL60輪式反轉(zhuǎn)六連桿裝載機(jī)
工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
裝載機(jī)是工程機(jī)械的主要機(jī)種之一，主要用于公路、鐵路、建筑、水電、港口、礦山等建設(shè)工程的土石方施工。它具有重量輕、機(jī)動靈活、效率高、維修方便等特點(diǎn)；它既可進(jìn)行鏟裝作業(yè)，又可用作短途運(yùn)輸。對于加快工程建設(shè)速度，減輕勞動強(qiáng)度，提高工程質(zhì)量，降低工程成本都發(fā)揮著重要的作用。裝載機(jī)的工作裝置對于裝載機(jī)來說是重中之重，所以工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)好壞直接影響到裝載機(jī)的使用壽命以及工作效率等。
這次設(shè)計(jì)采用先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法，對這種輪式裝載機(jī)的工作裝置進(jìn)行了總體設(shè)計(jì)到零部件設(shè)計(jì)。主要包括輪式裝載機(jī)工作裝置的關(guān)鍵零部件，如鏟斗、連桿機(jī)構(gòu)以及轉(zhuǎn)斗油缸、舉升油缸等，并對重要零件進(jìn)行了剛度、強(qiáng)度分析。應(yīng)用UG軟件對輪式裝載機(jī)工作裝置整體進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，并用它對本次設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行立體展示表達(dá)。在設(shè)計(jì)過程中，必須使工作裝置運(yùn)動平穩(wěn)、無干涉、無死點(diǎn)、無自鎖、有足夠的強(qiáng)度；動臂從最底位置到最大卸載高度的舉升過程中，保證鏟斗中物料不灑落；在卸載后，動臂下放至鏟掘位置鏟斗能自動放平。
關(guān)鍵字：3.3m3斗容；輪式裝載機(jī)；反轉(zhuǎn)六連桿機(jī)構(gòu)；工作裝置；強(qiáng)度校核
Abstract
As one of the main types of construction machinery, loader is mainly used for earthwork construction of highway, railway, building, hydropower, port, mine and other construction projects. Characterized by light weight, flexibility, high efficiency and convenient maintenance, it can not only carry out scooping but also be used for short-distance transportation, as well as plays an important role in speeding up the engineering construction, reducing labor intensity, improving the quality of the project and reducing the cost of the project. For a loader, the working device is the most important, therefore, the design of the working device directly affects the life length and efficiency of a load.
The design of the modern use of advanced design methods, wheel loaders working on such a device design to design components. It mainly includes key parts of wheel loader's working device, such as bucket, link mechanism, rotary bucket cylinder and lifting cylinder etc., and the rigidity and strength of key parts are analyzed. Application of UG software installed on the wheel loader work for the overall design and its use of this design three-dimensional display of expression. In the process of design, the working device must be worked smoothly without interference, dead spot or self-lock and with sufficient strength. During the lifting process of boom from the bottom to the maximum uninstall height, the material in the bucket must be ensured not to spill out, and the bucket can be leveled down automatically when the boom is lowered to the digging position after unloading.
Key words: 3.3m3 bucket capacity; Wheel loader; Reversing six-bar mechanism; Working device; Strength checking
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目 錄
第1章 緒 論 1
1.1 裝載機(jī)概述 1
1.2 裝載機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)發(fā)展 1
1.2.1 國外裝載機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.2 國外裝載機(jī)發(fā)展趨勢 1
1.2.3 國內(nèi)裝載機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.4 國內(nèi)裝載機(jī)發(fā)展趨勢 2
第2章 裝載機(jī)工作裝置總體設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.1 工作裝置的總體結(jié)構(gòu)與布置 3
2.2 工作裝置連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式與特點(diǎn) 3
2.3 工作裝置自由度的計(jì)算 5
第3章 裝載機(jī)工作裝置設(shè)計(jì) 7
3.1 鏟斗設(shè)計(jì) 7
3.1.1 鏟斗的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 7
3.1.2 鏟斗斷面形狀和基本參數(shù)確定 8
3.1.3 鏟斗容量的計(jì)算 10
3.2 工作裝置連桿系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.2.1 機(jī)構(gòu)分析 12
3.2.2 尺寸參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.3 工作裝置靜力學(xué)分析 21
3.3.1 外載荷確定原則 21
3.3.2 鏟斗形心的確定 21
3.3.3 外載荷的計(jì)算 25
3.4 工作機(jī)構(gòu)的受力分析與計(jì)算 28
3.4.1 裝載機(jī)的幾種工況 28
3.4.2 聯(lián)合鏟裝時(shí)的受力分析 28
3.4.3 工作機(jī)構(gòu)主要零件的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算及液壓缸的確定 32
3.4.4 搖臂及連桿的計(jì)算 34
3.4.5 關(guān)于潤滑 42
第4章 UG軟件的應(yīng)用 45
4.1 仿真和優(yōu)化 45
4.2 零件設(shè)計(jì) 46
4.3 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì) 48
第5章 實(shí)體模型的制作 51
總 結(jié) 53
附 錄 55
參考文獻(xiàn) 57
致 謝 59