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履帶式液壓底盤的設(shè)計
摘要：履帶式底盤的結(jié)構(gòu)特點和性能決定了它在農(nóng)田耕作業(yè)中具有明顯的優(yōu)勢，履帶式底盤的接地比壓相對較低。不會對翻耕過的土壤造成多次反復(fù)的碾壓，而輪式底盤在整地和耙地作業(yè)時輪胎在翻耕過的土壤上反復(fù)碾壓，造成對土壤的多次壓實，不利于播種后種子的生長發(fā)育。因此，研究履帶底盤的性能具有極其重要的意義。
本畢業(yè)設(shè)計的課題為履帶式液壓驅(qū)動底盤的設(shè)計，設(shè)計了一種后輪驅(qū)動行走底盤，底盤采用發(fā)動機與液壓傳動系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合實現(xiàn)動力匹配，底盤的液壓系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了一泵驅(qū)動兩馬達差速行走，使其結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、操作靈活、安全可靠，能適應(yīng)外負荷的劇烈變化，整機的性能得到了提高，能滿足各種工況下的使用要求。在已知功率的情況下，整個設(shè)計參考農(nóng)業(yè)機械的基本參數(shù)，選取了液壓馬達、液壓泵等液壓件。履帶的結(jié)構(gòu)同樣參考了履帶拖拉機的基本參數(shù)，設(shè)計了履帶的結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸，使整個設(shè)計得到了優(yōu)化。
經(jīng)過比較試驗，本設(shè)計得到以下結(jié)論：
（1）底盤的液壓系可實現(xiàn)一泵兩馬達差速行走，增加了底盤的自適應(yīng)能力。
（2）本設(shè)計的底盤的質(zhì)量為2.5t，與目前大部分底盤相比，達到了輕體的設(shè)計要求。
（3）液壓驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)無級變速，同時能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)制動和高低速轉(zhuǎn)換，即：工作時低速行駛，轉(zhuǎn)場是高速行駛。靈活方便，易于操縱。
關(guān)鍵詞：履帶 液壓系統(tǒng) 底盤
The design of hydraulic crawler chassis
Abstract
Crawler chassis structure determines its characteristics and performance in the fields farming industry has a clear advantage. Crawler chassis ground pressure is relatively low. Tilling the soil will not cause too many repeated rolling. The wheeled chassis in the preparation and harrow tillage operations tires rolling over the soil again, Soil compaction caused by repeated is not conducive to the growth and development after sowing seeds, Therefore, the study tracked the performance of the chassis is extremely important.
The subject of this graduation project is tracked hydraulically driven chassis .Design a rear wheel drive, the chassis walk chassis engine and hydraulic transmission system to realize dynamic matching .The hydraulic system realizes the chassis a pump driven two motor differential walk, make its compact structure, flexible operation, safe, reliable, and can adapt to the drastic change of load, the machine performance can satisfy the various working conditions of use requirement. In the case of a known power, the design references the basic parameters of agricultural machines, select a hydraulic motor, hydraulic pump, etc. The structure of the reference the same track basic parameters of the crawler tractor, design the structure and size of crawler, make whole design are optimized.
After more testing, this design get the following conclusions:
Chassis system can achieve a hydraulic pump motor differential walking two, to increase the adaptive capacity of the chassis.
The?design of the?chassis?mass of?2.5t, Compared with the current most of the chassis, Reached a?lightweight?design requirements
Variable speed?hydraulic?drive system?to achieve, At the same time to achieve high-speed braking and convert, Namely: working at low speed, transitions is high speed. Flexible, easy to manipulate’
Key words Crawler Hydraulic system Chassis
目 錄
1 引言 - 1 -
1.1 國內(nèi)履帶式液壓驅(qū)動底盤的現(xiàn)狀 - 1 -
1.2國內(nèi)履帶式液壓驅(qū)動底盤的發(fā)展趨勢 - 3 -
1.3主要設(shè)計內(nèi)容與關(guān)鍵技術(shù) - 3 -
2 技術(shù)任務(wù)書（JR） - 4 -
2.1總體設(shè)計依據(jù) - 4 -
2.1.1 設(shè)計要求 - 4 -
2.1.2設(shè)計原則 - 4 -
2.2 產(chǎn)品的用途及使用范圍 - 5 -
2.3 產(chǎn)品的主要技術(shù)要求與主要技術(shù)參數(shù) - 5 -
2.3.1 主要技術(shù)要求 - 5 -
2.3.2 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) - 5 -
2.4 考慮到的若干方案的比較 - 5 -
3 設(shè)計計算說明書（SS） - 6 -
3.1 結(jié)構(gòu)方案分析與確定 - 6 -
3.1.1 履帶式與輪式底盤的比較 - 6 -
3.1.2 結(jié)構(gòu)方案的確定 - 7 -
3.2 履帶式行走底盤總體的設(shè)計 - 7 -
3.2.1 結(jié)構(gòu)組成及其工作原理 - 7 -
3.3 履帶行走裝置計算 - 7 -
3.3.1 液壓馬達的選取 - 7 -
3.3.2 液壓泵的選取 - 8 -
3.3.3驅(qū)動軸的選取 - 9 -
3.3.4驅(qū)動輪和導(dǎo)向輪的設(shè)計和計算 - 10 -
4 使用說明書（SM） - 15 -
4.1 結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 - 15 -
4.2 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) - 16 -
4.3使用注意事項 - 16 -
5 技術(shù)條件（JT） - 16 -
5.1 檢驗規(guī)則 - 17 -
5.1.1檢驗的劃分 - 17 -
5.1.2出廠檢驗 - 17 -
5.1.3型式檢驗 - 17 -
6 結(jié)論 - 18 -
參考文獻 - 19 -
致謝 - 20 -