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1、句型轉(zhuǎn)換,中考專項(xiàng)分析,Maybe the students can help you!,It seems that people have lots of holidays I would like to know more!,Nemos New Story,-What did he/she said just now?,I have learned about three special days.,- He/she said that he/she had learned about three special days.,What have you learned?,“had+ pas

2、t participle”,Try to find out the other sentences in the text using indirect speech with “had+ past participle”,“She said that Valentines Day had started with a love letter from a boy named Valentine.”,“Mrs. Zhou said that Valentines Day had been a holiday long before people stating giving red paper

3、 hearts.”,“She said that Halloween had started as a festival in Europe a long time ago.”,“ Mrs. Zhou said that Valentines Day had been a holiday long before people stating giving red paper hearts.”,Language Focus,Simple past tense Present perfect tense Past continuous tense,Past perfect tense,Direct

4、 Speech,Indirect Speech,Past Tense,Exercise 1,Report what people said using the past perfect tense Page80 part 2,I have kept all my Valentines Day cards.,She said that she had kept all her Valentines Day cards.,example,I keep all my Valentines Day cards.,She said that she kept all her Valentines Day

5、 cards.,I have kept all my Valentines Day cards.,She said that she had kept all her Valentines Day cards.,Turn to Page 80 and try to finish Exercise 2.,I will become a popular singer.,She dreamed ,she would become a popular singer.,2004,Gigi 1982,I will find out the secret of the Sorcerers Stone.（魔法

6、石）,Harry Potter thought ,he would find out the secret of the Sorcerers Stone.,We are going to bring some silk stockings.(絲襪）,Sam is going to buy some ropes.,Jack is going to steal a car.,I am going to buy some guns.,guessed thought,was/were going to,I,動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) 語(yǔ)態(tài)是用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)分為兩種： 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

7、：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如： We clean our class room every day. They built this building last year. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。例如： Our classroom is cleaned every day. This building was built last year.,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞be完全一樣。,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 時(shí)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are + V-ed 一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/were + V-e

8、d 一般/過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) will/would be + V-ed 現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are/was/were +being +V-ed 現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去完成時(shí) has/have/had + been+ V-ed 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can/could/may/might/must/should +be +V-ed 注意： 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 主態(tài)：should have +V-ed 被態(tài)：should have been +V-ed,如果主動(dòng)句子中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是省略“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式（如：動(dòng)詞不定式在感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, feel, watch, look at, listen to等和使役動(dòng)詞ma

9、ke, let, have(叫、使)等后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不帶“to”。），在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)候，原來(lái)省略“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式，仍需加上“to”。,I see him running on the road every morning. He is seen running on the road by me every morning. He asked me to go to his birthday party. I was asked to go to his birthday party. We heard her sing this song last night. She was

10、 heard to sing this song by us last night. Father often makes me study all day. I am often made to study all day by father.,將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 1. The nurse takes good care of the children. 2. She tried on the new dress yesterday. 3. They will show a lot of stamps in the museum next week. 4. They have fini

11、shed the project. 5. If you do so, someone may laugh at you.,The children are taken good care of by the nurse.,The new dress was tried on yesterday by her.,A lot of stamps will be shown in the museum next week by them.,The project have been finished by them.,If you do so, you may be laughed by someo

12、ne.,6. When I came in, he had worked out the problem. 7. Did the boy break the glass? 8. We neednt send for the doctor right away. 9. Does Tom water the flowers every morning? 10. How did Bell invent the telephone?,When I came in, the problem had been worked out by him.,Was the glass broken by the b

13、oy?,The doctor neednt be sent for by us right away,Is the flowers watered every morning by Tom?,How was the telephone invented by Bell?,11. She cant make the horse go. 12. We often see her read books in the evening. 13. They gave Kate a new bike for her birthday present. 14. My mother bought me a bo

14、ok last week. 15. They are keeping a pet dog.,The horse cant be made to go .,She is seen to read books in the evening by us.,A pet dog is being kept by them.,A new bike was given to Kate for her birthday.,Kate was given a new bike for her birthday.,A book was bought for me by my mother .,Will you se

15、nd the letter at once? Will the letter be sent (by you) at once? Did Tomas Edison invent the telephone? Was the telephone invented (by Tomas Edison)? Must we hand in the homework on time? Must the homework be handed in on time (by us)? Have they watered the flowers ? Have the flowers been watered (b

16、y them)?,Tom bought me a birthday present yesterday. I was bought a birthday present yesterday. A birthday present was bought for me yesterday. She will send me a letter. A letter will be sent to me.,把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：,The sun made the man take off his coat. The man was made to take off his coat (by the s

17、un). We made the baby laugh a lot. The baby _ _ _ _ a lot. He heard the girl sing many songs. The _ was _ _ _ many songs. The man let the bird fly out. The bird _ _ _ _ out .,was made to laugh,girl heard to sing,was let to fly,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,1 現(xiàn)在分詞 2 過(guò)去分詞 3 不定式 4 動(dòng)名詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,后面要跟 to do的動(dòng)詞有：,want ask learn choo

18、se decide fail agree tell order teach be+adj+to do sth would like to do,后面要 省 to 的動(dòng)詞有：,make let help had better+do sth would rather +do sth,后面要跟 -ing的動(dòng)詞有：,finish enjoy mind keep be busy+doing look forward to+doing practise,后面既可跟 to do也可跟 -ing的動(dòng)詞有：,see hear watch like love stop begin start hate, go o

19、n,hate/begin/start+to do /doing是沒(méi)有區(qū)別,see/hear/watch+do +doing like/love+to do +doing stop +to do +doing,全過(guò)程,正在進(jìn)行,經(jīng)常性,一次性,停下來(lái)去做,停止做,1. Ive heard him _ about you often. A. spoke B. speaks C. speak D. to speak 2. Im hungry. Get me something _. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating 3. There isnt any

20、difference between the two. I really dont know _. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 4. The workers want us _ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 5. Have you decided when _? Yes, tomorrow morning. A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will yo

21、u leave D. are you leaving,C,B,B,C,A,13. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 15.They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 19

22、. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest 20. Last summer I took a lesson on _. A. how dresses be made B. how to make dresses C. how to be made dresses D. dresses to be made,A,A,C,B,Choose the best answer,1.Tom was too tired _ any

23、longer. A. couldnt walk B. not to walk C. to walk D. to walking 2.I saw a boy _ out of the room a moment ago. A.run B.runs C. ran D. to run 3.Please tell him _ so much noise. A.dont make B.not make C. not making D.not to make,C,A,D,4.Do you know _ the exercise? A.how to do B. how can we do C. how mu

24、st we do D. how we to do 5.I was _ go to the meeting yesterday evening. A. too busy to B. busy enough to C. very busy to D. so busy to 6. Jenny decided _ late again. to be not B. to not be C. not to D. not to be,A,A,D,7.Youd better _ off at once. to start B. start C. starting D. to be starting 8.I h

25、eard someone _ in a low voice. A.is singing B.were singing C. singing D.to singing 9.The Greens _ a rest after five hours walk. stopped to have B. stopped to has C. stopped having D. stopped to having 10This problem is very difficult _. A.to work B.to work out C.to do D.to do out,B,C,A,B,11.Now let

26、me _ sing the song. hear you to B. to hear you C. hear you 12.The boy was _ move. A. So frightened to B.too frightened to C.very frightened to D. too frightened couldnt 13.Jenny didnt want the teacher _ to her father. A.write B.wrote C.to write D.writing 14.Do you enjoy _ football? A. to play B. pla

27、ying C. play D. to be playing,C,B,C,B,用不定式改寫句子,1.She went to the library because she wanted to borrow some books. She went to the library _ _ _ _. 2. I have decided that I will go to see my grandfather this Sunday. I have decided _ _ my grandfather this Sunday. 3.Do you know when well leave? Do you

28、know _ _ _ ?,to borrow some books.,to see,when to leave,4.The farmer taught us how we should plant trees. The farmer taught us _ _ _ trees. 5. She asked us where we would meet the next day. She asked us _ _ _ the next day. 6. Our teacher has told us which park we are going to this Saturday. Our teac

29、her has told us _ _ _ _ this Saturday. 7.Hes going to an important meeting. He has an important meeting _ _.,how to plant,where to meet,which park to go,to go,8.Lily said, “ come in, please, fred.” Lily asked Fred _ _ _. 9.The mother said, “ Dont read in bed, Jack.” The mother told Jack _ _ _ in bed

30、. 10. You are wrong if you laugh at your classmates in trouble. Its wrong _ _ _ your classmates in trouble.,to come in,not to read,to laugh at,練習(xí)： 她去圖書館借書。（狀語(yǔ)） 我決定本周日去看望我的外公外婆。（賓語(yǔ)） 你知道我們何時(shí)出發(fā)嗎？ （賓語(yǔ)） 老師告訴他不要在墻壁上繪畫。 （賓補(bǔ)） 他有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議要參加。 （定語(yǔ)） 很容易就記住我的名字。 （主語(yǔ)） 我們都看見(jiàn)她走進(jìn)那房間。 （賓補(bǔ)）,按要求改變句子。 1. He often worked

31、on a farm in the past, but now he doesnt.(同義句) He _ on a farm. 2. They never went to the restaurant in the past, but now they do.(同義句) They _ to the restaurant. 3. Bill used to play football.(否定句) Bill _ football. 4. They used to be good friends.(一般疑問(wèn)句) _ good friends? 5. We used to read new words i

32、n class.(就劃線提問(wèn)) _in class?,used to work,didnt use to go,didnt use to play,Did they use to be,What did you use to do,感嘆句,We study very hard. She is a beautiful girl.,How hard we study!,What a beautiful girl (she is) !,二.句型 How +adj./adv. +主+謂! What +a/an +名詞 (+主+謂)! What +名詞 復(fù)數(shù)(+主+謂)! What +不可數(shù)名詞 (+主

33、+謂)!,改為感嘆句,1.Our city is very beautiful. 2.Lin Tao runs very fast. 3.The children are working hard. 4.Its quite a nice present. 5.We have fine weather today.,How beautiful our city is !,How fast Lin Tao runs !,How hard the children are working !,What a nice present ( it is )!,What fine weather we ha

34、ve today !,6.Its sunny today. 7.Grandma Liu told us a funny story yesterday. 8.Li Ming is running very fast. 9.Tims grapes are very sweet. 10.It is an interesting story-book.,How sunny ( it is ) today!,What a funny story Grandma Liu told us yesterday!,How fast Li Ming is running!,How sweet Tims grap

35、es are!,What an interesting story-book (it is)!,Choose the best answer. _ delicious the food is! How B. How a C. What D. What a 2. _ interesting news it is! How B. How an C. What D. What a 3. _ new radio it is! How a B. How C. What D. What a 4. _ bad news it is! How B. How an C. What D. What a,A,C,D

36、,C,5. _ good plan for the weekend! A. How a B . Very a C. What a D. Thats a 6. _ tall the girl is! A. How B . How a C. What D. What a,C,A,賓語(yǔ)從句,1. He said , “The sun is round. ” 2. I asked Tom , “Where have you been? ” 3. Can you tell me ? “ Are you ok ? ” 4. He said to us ,“ Dont waste your time. ”,

37、He said (that) the sun is round.,I asked Tom where he had been.,Can you tell me if/whether I am ok?,He asked/told us not to waste our time.,合并賓語(yǔ)從句的步驟：,1.分主, 從句,2.判斷從句的類型,A.陳述句,B.一般疑問(wèn)句,C.特殊疑問(wèn)句,D.祈使句,主句+(that) + 主 +謂+賓,主句+if/whether+ 主 +謂+賓,主句+特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ 主 +謂+賓,主語(yǔ)+ ask/tell sb (not) to do sth,3.判斷人稱的變化:,從

38、句的人稱要與主句的說(shuō)話者或?qū)ο蟊３忠恢?A.當(dāng)主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)不變。,4.判斷時(shí)態(tài)的變化:,B.當(dāng)主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)要改為過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài),She said, “”,She said that ,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí),might, should, could, would 不變！,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的變化：,將下列句子改寫成賓語(yǔ)從句： What is her name? (I dont know) Where does Doctor Liu

39、 live? ( Do you know) How do you become a great inventor? (The reporter asked the scientist) What pets do you keep at home? (The boy asked the girl) Have you ever been to Japan? (The teacher asked him) Will it be sunny tomorrow? ( The boy asked),Language points,get to know 表示 “從不認(rèn)識(shí)到認(rèn)識(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程”, 所表示的是瞬間

40、完成的動(dòng)作, 不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用. know 是指“認(rèn)識(shí)”的狀態(tài),可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用. Im sorry I didnt know you. I have known Tom for three years. When did you get to know Jack?,1) Ive _ Tom for quite a few years. 2) I _ that he is a hard-working pupil. 3) I should like to _ Martin. 4) How did he _ you ?,known,get to know,know,get

41、to know,Language points,join “參加”，主要是指參加組織，成為一名成員。 take part in “參加，加入”, 主要是指參加活動(dòng)。 join the Party 入黨 join the army 參軍 join the League 入團(tuán) take an active part in a debate 積極參與討論 注意: Would you like to join us ? Id like to join you in the game.,用take part in; join; 或join in填空：,They are going to _ the co

42、mpetition. When did you _ the Red Cross. May I _ your conversation? His mother intends to _ the tennis club. Would you like to _ us in the match?,take part in,join,join in/ take part in,join,join,Thats / Its very kind of you to help me with my English. Its very important for us to learn English well

43、. 注意: 表人品的形容詞+ of + sb. + to do sth. (good, kind ,nice ,brave ,clever ,wise ,careful ,careless等) 不能用來(lái)說(shuō)明人的本質(zhì)特征的形容詞,則用for. (difficult, hard ,easy , important, necessary, possible等),Language points,It is very thoughtful _ her to cook breakfast for me. It is very careless _ him to leave his baby at home

44、. It is very hard _ us to swim across the Pearl River.,of,of,for,持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（live, work, be, have等）能夠與表示一段時(shí)間的 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（for; since等）連用. 終止性/瞬間性/短暫性動(dòng)詞（buy, go, come, join, die.等）則 不能。 He has been here/there/away for two years. He has been dead for two years. I have kept that book for two weeks. I joined the Lea

45、gue two years ago. I have been in the League for two years./ I have been a League member for two years.,Language points,他買了電腦兩年了. He has had the computer for two years. He bought the computer two years ago. It is / has been two years since he bought the computer. Two years has passed since he bought

46、 the computer.,Language points,have/has been to “曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，但現(xiàn)在不在那兒”. have/has gone to “去了某地，現(xiàn)在在那兒或在去那兒的途中”. 1) I have been to Beijing twice. 我去過(guò)北京兩次。 2）-Is John in Guangzhou? 約翰在廣州嗎？ -No, hes gone to the USA. 不，他去了美國(guó)了。,Language points,Past Perfect Tense,過(guò)去完成時(shí),We use the past perfect tense when we are t

47、alking about something that happened before a certain time or action in the past.,當(dāng)我們講到某個(gè)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成時(shí),我們用到過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō),就是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。,By the time she was thirteen, shed already started writing her famous diary.,By the time he was ten years old, he had completed university.,By the time she was thir

48、teen, shed already started writing her famous diary.,she was thirteen,start writing,She went to bed after she had finished her homework.,went to bed,finish her homework,Present perfect tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：have / has + 過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本用法： 1、表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。 2、表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 I have been in Guangzhou for al

49、most 10 years. She has read the book three times. Have you seen the principal? She has worked on the project for weeks.,指人,關(guān)系代詞,指物,which,that,when (在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),where (在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)),why (在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),常修飾 reason ),關(guān)系副詞,引導(dǎo)詞只用that 的情況:,先行詞,1.為all,nothing,everything,anything,something等不定代詞,2. 有形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),3.

50、 前有強(qiáng)調(diào)性的修飾詞,如: the only, the very時(shí),4. 為“人+物”時(shí),5. 句子開頭為who(指人)時(shí),1. What is the matter with the boy?,The boy is coughing all the time.,What is the matter with the boy who is coughing all the time?,2. That is the nurse.,The nurse took his temperature.,That is the nurse who took his temperature.,3. She w

51、ent to the hospital. The hospital opened last year.,She went to the hospital which opened last year.,4. The doctor was very busy. The doctor saw me just now.,The doctor who saw me just now was very busy.,5. The woman felt very sorry for him. She was helping the man to walk.,The woman who was helping

52、 the man to walk felt very sorry for him.,6. Have you caught the cat? The cat ran past the man.,Have you caught the cat which ran past the man?,1. He can remember the name of the doctor he saw.,He can remember the name of the doctor whom he saw.,2. The nurse I gave the medicine to is over there.,The

53、 nurse whom I gave the medicine to is over there.,3. Where is the book you were reading last night?,Where is the book which/that you were reading last night?,4. She is the person they are worried about.,She is the person whom they are worried about.,5. I put the medicine I needed to take into my bag

54、.,I put the medicine which/that I needed to take into my bag.,6. I sold the chair my grandfather always sat on.,I sold the chair which/that my grandfather always sat on.,Test on the attributive clauses:,The girl _ is sitting there is a good singer. This is the policeman _ we usually hear of. He is a

55、 man _ looks important. The colour TV set _ I bought three years ago is very good now. He is the first student _ came to school this morning. These are New Year cards _Ive just received.,who/that,whom,who/that,which/that,that,which/that,I still remember the night_she left me. Beijing is a city _ the

56、re is the Great Wall. Mary bought a dress last Sunday _ was too big for her. The place _ I work is far away from here. There is no bus to the place _ I want to go. That is the reason _ I cant agree. Guilin is the most beautiful place _ people all over the world want to visit.,when,where,which/that,w

57、here,where,why,that,That is the reason _ I cant agree. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. The restaurant_I had dinner was just outside the post office. 1982 was the year _ it rained much. The flowers _ you gave her were beautiful. I enjoyed the time_I was studying at the college. The seco

58、nd book _ I want to read is Travels in China.,why,where,where,when,which/that,when,=,that,The house has always been one of the most beautiful in the city. The house was destroyed in the war. The house _ _ _ in the war has always been one of the most beautiful in the city. 2. Most of the students wil

59、l remember that day. On that day they said good-bye to each other at the railway station. Most of the students will remember that day _ they _. 3. At 6 in the morning I went to the park. I found many people doing morning exercises in the park. At 6 in the morning I went to the park _ I found _. 4. M

60、ost of the students liked their English teacher. Their English teachers lectures were very interesting. Most of the students liked their English teacher_ lectures _. 5. I heard about the job from a friend. The friend works in the same company. I heard about the job from a friend_ works_.,which/that was destroyed,when,said good-bye to each other at the railway station,where,many people doing morning exercises,whose,were very interesting,who/that,in the same company,