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1、題型九題型九按要求完成句子按要求完成句子題型1題型2考情分析考情分析1.考查方式:(1)按要求改寫句子:肯定句改為否定句;陳述句改為一般疑問句;就畫線部分提問;陳述句改為反意疑問句;陳述句改為感嘆句;同義句轉(zhuǎn)換;單復數(shù)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換;陳述句改為祈使句。(2)根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成下列句子:漢語句子給出,挖空式填寫。2.特點:都是單句,每空限填一詞。題型1題型2考綱解讀考綱解讀甘肅中考英語中按要求完成句子題分為兩個題型:一是按要求改寫句子;二是根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。題型2題型1一、一、按要求改寫句子按要求改寫句子中考中按要求改寫句子主要分為以下情況:1.肯定句改為否定句一般情況下,將肯定句改為否定句時

2、,若句中有be動詞,助動詞do,have/has/had,或情態(tài)動詞can,should,may等,則在其后直接加上not(nt)。若句中沒有這些詞,則分別在謂語動詞的原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式或過去式前面加do not(dont),does not(doesnt)或did not(didnt),并將謂語動詞改為原形。注意:am和may不能與not縮寫在一起;shall not縮寫為shant,can not縮寫為cant(也可寫為cannot),will not縮寫為wont。題型2題型1典例1(2018甘肅白銀,5)This volleyball must belong to Carla.(改

3、為否定句)This volleyball Carlas.解析:句意:這個排球一定是屬于卡拉的。must是情態(tài)動詞,在這表示肯定的猜測。變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r,則需要改成表示否定的猜測,表否定的猜測應(yīng)該用cant。答案:cant be題型2題型12.陳述句改為一般疑問句(1)若句中有be動詞、have/has/had或情態(tài)動詞shall,should等,改為一般疑問句時直接將這些詞移到主語前。若陳述句中不含有這些詞,那么根據(jù)謂語動詞的形式在主語前加do,does或did,并將謂語動詞改為原形。注意句首首字母要大寫,問句句末用問號,讀時用升調(diào)。還要注意一些縮寫詞,如:hes=he is或he has;you

4、d=you had或you would;well=we shall或we will。(2)對一般疑問句的回答,肯定用“Yes+肯定答語”,否定用“No+否定答語”。在答語中,原句主語是名詞時要改為代詞;指示代詞this,that改為it;these,those要改為they。題型2題型1典例2(2018四川樂山,76)The newly-opened supermarket had something on sale last Sunday.(改為一般疑問句)the newly-opened supermarket anything on sale last Sunday?解析:had是謂語動

5、詞,改為一般疑問句時,需要在句首加Did,且將had還原為have。答案:Did;have題型2題型13.就畫線部分提問所謂就畫線部分提問,就是用一個合適的疑問詞替代句中的畫線部分,使之成為一個特殊疑問句。其方法主要是:先依據(jù)語意選擇相應(yīng)的疑問詞或詞組置于句首,但要把畫線部分去掉,再把剩余部分變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?句末改用問號。變換時要注意以下幾點:(1)對主語或主語的定語提問時,用陳述句語序。對定語提問時,所修飾的名詞應(yīng)放在疑問詞后。對其他成分提問時,用“疑問詞+一般疑問句”。(2)選擇恰當?shù)囊蓡栐~。根據(jù)畫線部分在句中所做的成分及具體意思選擇恰當?shù)囊蓡栐~。題型2題型1典例3(2018甘肅白銀,1)

6、The sweater is 20 dollars.(對畫線部分提問)is the sweater?解析:20 dollars“20美元”,表示的是價錢,提問應(yīng)用How much。答案:How much題型2題型14.陳述句改為反意疑問句反意疑問句由“陳述句+附加問句”構(gòu)成,要注意以下幾點:(1)如前一部分用肯定形式,后一部分則用否定形式;否則反之。(2)前后兩部分謂語動詞的時態(tài)要一致;如果陳述部分的主語是名詞,則附加問句部分要改用相應(yīng)的代詞;陳述句如果是there be句型,則附加問句仍要用there。(3)如果陳述部分含有no,neither,nor,none,nothing,nobody

7、,little,few,never,hardly等表示否定意義的詞時,附加問句要用肯定形式。(4)祈使句的反意疑問句都是will you;Lets開頭的祈使句,反意疑問句用shall we。題型2題型1典例4(2018甘肅天水,67)Dont throw away the rubbish everywhere,?(改為反意疑問句)解析:祈使句的反意疑問句用will you。答案:will you題型2題型15.陳述句改為感嘆句將陳述句改為感嘆句,首先根據(jù)上下文弄清句子中被強調(diào)的是哪一部分。如果被強調(diào)部分是名詞,該感嘆句要用what引導;如果被強調(diào)部分是形容詞或副詞,該感嘆句要用how引導。感嘆

8、句的常見結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種:(1)What+a/an(+形容詞)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語+其他)!(2)What(+形容詞)+不可數(shù)名詞/復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語+其他)!(3)How+形容詞/副詞(+主語+謂語+其他)!題型2題型1典例5(2018貴州黔南,75)This movie is very interesting.(改為感嘆句)this movie is!解析:改為感嘆句前先將句中修飾形容詞和副詞的very,so,too,quite,rather,as等去掉;interesting“有意思的”是形容詞,應(yīng)該套用感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu):How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他!答案:How in

9、teresting題型2題型16.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)簡單句與簡單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。運用同義詞/詞組或近義詞/詞組改寫。運用反義詞或反義詞的否定式改寫。典例6(2018甘肅白銀,3)Hows the weather today?(改為同義句)the weather today?解析:詢問天氣情況的句型Hows the weather today?相當于Whats the weather like?答案:Whats;like題型2題型1典例7I spent thirty yuan on this ticket.(改為同義句)I thirty yuan this ticket.解析:此題考查英語中“花費”

10、的表達。句中的spend常用于sb.spend.on sth.(in doing sth.),可替換為sb.pay.for.。句中spent為一般過去時態(tài)的謂語動詞,故同義句也應(yīng)為一般過去時態(tài)。答案:paid;for題型2題型1(2)將兩個句子或并列句改為簡單句。用both.and,either.or,neither.nor,not only.but also,not.but等并列連詞改寫。用分詞短語改寫。用too.to.,(not)enough to等不定式結(jié)構(gòu)改寫。典例8The thief ran so fast that the policeman could not catch him

11、.(改為簡單句)The thief ran fast for the policeman catch.解析:句意:那個盜賊跑得太快,警察追不到他。so.that.此處可以和too.to.進行互換。答案:too;to題型2題型1(3)將復合句改為簡單句。用不定式改寫。He is so weak that he cant carry it.He is too weak to carry it.用介詞短語改寫。Bob began to go to school when he was six.Bob began to go to school at the age of six.It is five

12、 years since he became a teacher.He has been a teacher for five years.用分詞短語改寫。When she heard the news,she began to cry.Hearing the news,she began to cry.題型2題型1用名詞短語改寫。Could you tell me how I can get to the park?Could you tell me the way to the park?用最高級改寫。He is shorter than any other student in his

13、class.He is the shortest student in his class.She did worse than the other runners.She did the worst of all the runners.用“疑問詞+不定式”改寫。We dont know what we should do.We dont know what to do.Could you tell me where I can find him?Could you tell me where to find him?題型2題型1典例9(2018甘肅白銀,4)At first,he didn

14、t know what he could do in the new group.(改為簡單句)At first,he didnt know do in the new group.解析:賓語從句變簡單句時需變成“特殊疑問詞+to do”形式,即將賓語從句中的主語和情態(tài)動詞變成to。答案:what to題型2題型1(4)將并列句或兩個簡單句改為一個復合句。將并列句改成含有條件狀語從句的復合句。Work hard,and youll pass the exam.If you work hard,youll pass the exam.Hurry up,or well be late.If we

15、dont hurry up,well be late.將并列句改成含原因狀語從句的復合句。He was ill,so I went to do it instead of him.I went to do it instead of him because he was ill.將兩個簡單句合并為一個含有狀語從句的復合句。He is very tired.He cant walk any further.He is so tired that he cant walk any further.題型2題型1將兩個簡單句合并為一個含有賓語從句的復合句。Does he live here?Do yo

16、u know?Do you know if/whether he lives here?典例10“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter.(改為間接引語)The reporter askedresponsible for the food safety problem.解析此題是將兩個簡單句合并為含有賓語從句的復合句,要注意主從復合句時態(tài)保持一致。答案who was題型2題型1(5)將復合句改為另一復合句。I went to bed after I finished my homework.I did

17、nt go to bed until I finished my homework.典例11Theyll go out to fly kites if it doesnt rain.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Theyll go out to fly kites it rains.解析unless引導條件狀語從句。答案unless題型2題型1(6)一些常見句型及慣用法之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。Its time for dinner.Its time to have dinner.Lets play football,shall we?What about playing football?That machine doe

18、snt work.There is something wrong with that machine.Jane likes coffee.Linda likes coffee,too.Jane likes coffee.So does Linda.Emma likes math,but she likes English better.Emma prefers English to math.題型2題型1典例12My father likes noodles better than rice.(改為同義句)My fathernoodles rice.解析prefer.to.:比起更喜歡。句意

19、:比起米飯,我父親更喜歡面條。答案prefers;to題型2題型17.單復數(shù)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換典例13(2018四川達州,86)The students need some unusual books to read after school every day.(改為單數(shù)形式)The student unusual book to read after school every day.解析:students的單數(shù)形式是student;need的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是needs;some在變單數(shù)的時候去掉,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前加a/an;books的單數(shù)形式是book;unusual是以元音音素開頭的單詞。答

20、案:needs an題型2題型18.陳述句改為祈使句典例14(2018甘肅白銀,2)Could you please be there at 5:00?(改為祈使句)at 5:00,please!解析:以Could開頭的一般疑問句表示建議或請求,可與以動詞原形開頭的祈使句相互轉(zhuǎn)化。答案:Be there題型2題型1二、二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子要做好根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子題,應(yīng)把握好以下四點:1.讀懂漢語,了解表達意思。跳過空格讀英語句子,英漢對照,找準要翻譯的中文部分。2.確定句子種類,確定要完成的句子屬于陳述句、祈使句、感嘆句還是疑問句,是肯定句還是否定句等。句子種類的確定

21、能幫助學生沿著正確的思路得出答案,少走彎路,縮短解題時間。3.確定句子的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。仔細理解句子意思,抓住所給漢語句子中顯示句子時態(tài)的時間狀語、情景等,來確定所要完成的句子該用何種時態(tài)、語態(tài)等。4.充分利用初中所學的主要句式及短語。初中生所應(yīng)掌握的大量句式和短語都頻繁地出現(xiàn)在歷年各地中考“完成句子”試題中,只有熟練地掌握這些句式和短語才能以不變應(yīng)萬變,答好這類試題。題型2題型1典例15我們絕不放棄實現(xiàn)自己夢想的努力。We will never give up to make our dream true.解析:對比英漢句子可知要翻譯的是“放棄做某事”,“使成為現(xiàn)實”。give up doing sth.;make e true。答案:trying;come典例16(2018甘肅白銀,6)改過不嫌晚。Its never late mend.解析:too.to.“太而不能”,too后加形容詞或副詞的原極;to后加動詞原形。答案:too;to