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I 摘 要 本題主要是X6130臥式萬(wàn)能升降臺(tái)銑床的總體布局及主軸箱的設(shè)計(jì)，主軸箱 及進(jìn)給箱是由異步電動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行驅(qū)動(dòng)，通過(guò)齒輪傳動(dòng)，分別使主軸獲得12級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)速， 進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)14級(jí)變速。通過(guò)對(duì)主軸箱中零部件的分析和校核，合理的選擇零 部件包括齒輪，軸等，滿(mǎn)足工作時(shí)的加工要求，確保加工時(shí)銑削零件尺寸、形 狀的精度要求。該銑床適用于對(duì)平面、斜面、螺旋面及成型表面加工，機(jī)床具 有足夠的剛度和強(qiáng)度,能進(jìn)行高速度切削和承受一定強(qiáng)度的切削工作。通過(guò)對(duì)主 軸箱進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的設(shè)計(jì)和較核，設(shè)計(jì)的總體布局滿(mǎn)足工藝要求，傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)滿(mǎn)足 加工要求。X6130銑床具有主軸轉(zhuǎn)速高、調(diào)速范圍寬、操作方便、工作臺(tái)進(jìn)給速 度寬等特點(diǎn)，大大提高了加工范圍。 關(guān)鍵詞： 總體布局；傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)；主軸箱 II ABSTRACT This problem is mainly X6130 Universal horizontal milling machine lifts the overall layout and design of headstock, headstock and feed box is driven by the induction motor, through gear transmission, respectively, were 12 to spindle speed, feed system to achieve 14 speed. Components of the spindle box through the analysis and verification, a reasonable choice parts, including gears, shafts, etc., to meet the processing requirements work to ensure that when the milling machining parts size, shape precision. The new machine suitable for plane, bevel, helical and molding surface processing, the machine has enough stiffness and strength, to carry out a certain strength to withstand high-speed cutting and cutting work. Through a brief spindle box design and more nuclear, the overall layout of the design meet the technical requirements of transmission system to meet the processing requirements. X6130 milling machine has a spindle speed of high, wide speed range, easy operation, wide table feed speed, etc., greatly increased the range of processing. Key words :Overall layout；Driving System；Headstock 1 目 錄 摘要 ...............................................................................................................................I Abstract........................................................................................................................II 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................................1 1.1 銑床在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位 ..............................................................................1 1.2 銑床工業(yè)發(fā)展概況和目前水平 ......................................................................1 1.3 銑床的類(lèi)型和編號(hào) ..........................................................................................2 第 2 章 X6130 臥式升降臺(tái)銑床總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................4 2.1 X6130 型銑床的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)主要參數(shù)和主要用途 ..........................................4 2.1.1 X6130 型銑床的結(jié)構(gòu)和特點(diǎn) ...............................................................4 2.1.2 X6130 型銑床的主要參數(shù) ...................................................................4 2.1.3 X6130 型銑床的主要用途 ...................................................................4 2.2 主要部分的名稱(chēng)和用途 .................................................................................5 2.3 銑床的常用卡具 .............................................................................................6 2.3.1 夾具的概念 ..........................................................................................6 2.3.2 夾具的作用 ..........................................................................................6 2.3.3 銑床夾具的類(lèi)型 ..................................................................................7 2.3.4 夾具的組成 ..........................................................................................7 2.3.5 典型工件在銑床上的裝夾方式 ..........................................................7 2.4 本章小結(jié) .........................................................................................................8 第 3 章 X6130 型臥式萬(wàn)能升降臺(tái)銑床的運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................9 3.1 主運(yùn)動(dòng) .............................................................................................................9 3.1.1 主軸傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)式 ..................................................................................9 3.2 確定結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)及主軸轉(zhuǎn)速表 .............................................................................9 3.3 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................11 第 4 章 主軸箱電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 .........................................................................12 4.1 主軸箱電機(jī)的選擇 .......................................................................................12 2 4.1.1 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的容量 .........................................................................12 4.1.2 分配總降速比 ...................................................................................12 4.1.3 確定傳動(dòng)軸的軸數(shù) ...........................................................................12 4.1.4 繪制轉(zhuǎn)速圖 .......................................................................................13 4.3 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................13 第 5 章 帶傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................................................15 5.1 概述 ...............................................................................................................15 5.1.1 帶傳動(dòng)的分類(lèi) ....................................................................................15 5.1.2 帶傳動(dòng)的失效形式 ............................................................................15 5.1.3 帶傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求 ............................................................................15 5.2 帶傳動(dòng)的計(jì)算及選定 ....................................................................................16 5.2.1 計(jì)算帶傳動(dòng)的條件 ............................................................................16 5.2.2 計(jì)算內(nèi)容和步驟 ................................................................................16 5.4 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................17 第 6 章 主軸箱齒輪設(shè)計(jì)和應(yīng)力計(jì)算 ...........................................................18 6.1 齒輪的概述 ....................................................................................................18 6.1.1 齒輪的類(lèi)型 ........................................................................................18 6.1.2 齒輪傳動(dòng)的主要特點(diǎn) ........................................................................18 6.1.3 失效形式及設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則 ........................................................................18 6.1.4 齒輪材料及其選擇原則 ....................................................................18 6.2 主軸箱齒輪的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................19 6.3 直齒圓柱齒輪應(yīng)力的計(jì)算 ...........................................................................21 6.4 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................24 第 7 章 軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .......................................................................................25 7.1 軸的概述 .......................................................................................................25 7.1.1 軸的功用及分類(lèi) ................................................................................25 7.1.2 軸的受力分析、失效形式和設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則 ............................................25 7.1.3 軸上零件的固定 ................................................................................26 7.1.4 軸的加工和裝配工藝性 ....................................................................26 7.2 軸的設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算 ...........................................................................................27 7.3 軸的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................28 3 7.3.1 傳動(dòng)軸直徑的確定 ............................................................................28 7.3.2 主軸軸徑的確定 ................................................................................29 7.3.3 核算轉(zhuǎn)速 ............................................................................................29 7.3.4 主軸的校核 ........................................................................................30 7.4 本章小結(jié) ......................................................................................................34 第章 零部件的選擇 .......................................................................................35 8.1 鍵的選擇 .......................................................................................................35 8.2 滑移齒輪的軸向移動(dòng) ...................................................................................36 8.3 潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................37 8.4 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................37 結(jié)論 .............................................................................................................................38 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................39 致謝 .............................................................................................................................40