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1、附錄THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE PROGRAM REDEVELOP ON PRO/ENGIN EER0IntroductionPro/ ENGINEER developed by Technology Corporation U SA is CAD / CAE / CAM software system. It integrates 3D solid modeling, designing, machining, analysis and drawing, famous for convenience, parametric feature modeling and syste

2、m relativity. At present, Pro/ENGINEER has extensive used in various fields in m any countries.Although Pro/E is general utility, it has some shortages in a few facets. Furthermore its design standard differ form our countys standard. It is an important work to redevelop application to adapt require

3、ment of designer in various fields based on commercial CAD/CAM software platform. Most CAD/ CAM software support interface to redevelop, Pro/TOOLKIT is the redevelopment interface in Pro/E software.1Introduction to Pro/TOOLKITPro/ TOOLKIT is the customization toolkit for Pro/ENGINEER from Parametric

4、 Technology Corporation (PTC). It gives customers and third parties the ability to expand Pro/ENGINEER capabilities by writing programming language code and then seamlessly integrating the resulting application in to Pro/ENGINEER. Pro/TOOLKIT provides a large library of functions to provide the exte

5、rnal application safe and controlled access to the Pro/ENGINEER database and applications. Pro/TOOLKIT is the PTC application programmers interface (A P I).Pro/TOOLKIT uses an object oriented programming style. Data structures for the transfer information between Pro/ENGINEER and the application are

6、 not directly visible to the application. These data structures are accessible only with Pro/TOOLKIT functions. The most basic Pro/TOOLKIT concepts are objects and actions. Each Pro/TOOLKIT library function performs an action on a specific type of object. The Pro/TOOLKIT convention for function name

7、s is the prefix Pro the name of the object type, and the name of the action it performs. A Pro/TOOLKIT object is a well defined and self contained structure used to perform actions relevant to that object. Most objects are items in the Pro/ENGINEER database, such as features and surfaces. Others, ho

8、wever, are more abstract or transient, such as the information resulting from a select action.2The technology of develop by Pro/TOOLKIT2. 1The method of work by Pro/TOOLKIT2. 1. 1Synchronous ModeDepending on how your synchronous application from Pro/ENGINEER, your application can be classified as ei

9、ther DLL Mode or Spawned Mode The following sectins describe DLL and Spawned synchronous mode.DLL ModeThe standard method by which Pro/TOOLKIT application code is integrated in to Pro/ENGINEER is through the use of dynamically linked libraries (DLL s). When you compile your Pro/TOOLKIT application c

10、ode and link it with the Pro/TOOLKIT library, you create an object library file designed to be linked in to the Pro/ENGINEER executable when Pro/ENGINEER starts up. This method is referred to as DLL mode.Spawned ModePro/TOOLKIT also supports a second method of integration: the multi process o r spaw

11、ned mode. In this mode, the Pro/TOOLKIT application code is compiled and linked to form a separate executable. This executable is designed to be spawned by Pro/ENGINEER and runs as a child process of the Pro/ENGINEER session. In DLL mode, the exchanges between the Pro/TOOLKIT application and Pro/ENG

12、INEER are made through direct function calls. In multi process mode, the same effect is created by an inter process messaging system that simulates direct function calls by passing the information necessary to identify the function and its argument values between the two processes. Multi process mod

13、e involves more communications overhead than DLL mode, especially when the Pro/TOOLKIT application makes frequent calls to Pro/TOOLKIT library functions, because of the more complex method of implementing those calls. However, it offers the following advantage: it enables you to run the Pro/TOOLKIT

14、application with a source-code debugger without also loading the whole Pro/ENGINEER executable in to the debugger.If you use multi process mode during development of your application to debug more easily, you should switch to DLL mode when you install the application for your end users because the p

15、erformance is better in that mode. However, take care to test your application thoroughly in DLL mode before you deliver it. Any programming errors in your application that cause corruption to memory used by Pro/ENGINEER or Pro/TOOLKIT are likely to show quite different symptoms in each mode, so new

16、 bugs may emerge when you switch to DLL mode.2. 1. 2A synchronous ModeDLL and spawned modes are synchronous modes in the sense that the Pro/TOOLKIT application and Pro/ENGINEER do not perform operations concurrently. In spawn mode, each process can send a message to the other to ask for some operati

17、on to occur, but each waits for a returning message that reports that the operation is complete. Control alternates between the two processes, one of which is always in a wait state.A synchronous mode is a multi process code in which the Pro/TOOLKIT application and Pro/ENGINEER can perform concurren

18、t operations. Unlike the synchronous modes, asynchronous mode uses remote procedure calls (.rpc) as the means of communication between the application and Pro/ENGINEER.Simple Asynchronous ModeIn asynchronous mode, the application (containing its own main () function) is started independently of Pro/

19、ENGINEER and subsequently either starts or connects to a Pro/ENGINEER process .A simple asynchronous application can spawn and connect to a Pro/ENGINEER process via the function Pro/Engineer Start (). During this startup, Pro/ENGINEER calls user initialize () if it is present in the application. The

20、 Pro/ENGINEER process listens for requests from the application and acts on the requests at suitable break points normally between commands.Full Asynchronous ModeIn full asynchronous mode, the application implements a control loop that listens for messages that arrive from Pro/ENGINEER. As a result,

21、 Pro/ENGINEER can call functions in the application, including callback functions for menu buttons and notifications. It is often necessary for your full asynchronous application to be notified of the termination of the Pro/ENGINEER process. In particular, your control loop need not continue to list

22、en for Pro/ENGINEER messages if Pro/ENGINEER is no longer running. In full asynchronous mode must contain a call to the function Pro/Event Process (), which takes no arguments. This function responds to Pro/ENGINEER messages in a manner similar to synchronous mode.2. 2The steps of Developing a Pro/T

23、OOLKIT ApplicationAn asynchronous Pro/TOOLKIT application is fundamentally different in its architecture from a synchronous mode application, so we should choose between these methods before writing any application code. As a general rule, synchronous mode should be the default choice un less there

24、is some unavoidable reason to use asynchronous mode, because the latter mode is more complex to use.2. 2. 1Writing application codeA Pro/TOOLKIT application must always contain the functions user initialize () and user CD#3 2terminate ( ). These functions have the prefix user because they are writte

25、n by the Pro/TOOLKIT application developer, but they are called from with in Pro/ENGINEER at the start and end of the session. The function user initialize () is called after the Pro/ENGINEER application has been initialized and the Graphics Window has been created. This function should contain any

26、initializations that your Pro/TOOLKIT application needs, including any modification of Pro/ENGINEER menus. The initialization function must return 0 to indicate that the Pro/TOOLKIT application was initialized successfully. Any other return value will be interpreted as a failure, and the system will

27、 notify the Pro/ENGINEER user that the Pro/TOOLKIT application failed. The function user terminate () is called at the end of the Pro/ENGINEER session, after the user selects Yes on the Exit confirmation dialog box. Its return type is void.2. 2. 2Compiling and Linking a Pro/TOOLKIT ApplicationThe co

28、mpiler options and system libraries needed to compile and link a Pro/TOOLKIT application are generally different on each platform. To ensure that the make file you use for building your Pro/TOOLKIT application uses the correct options, you should base your make file on one of the make files located

29、under the Pro/TOOLKIT load point. These are designed for building the various Pro/TOOLKIT applications whose source is included in the Pro/TOOLKIT installation.2. 2. 3Registering a Pro/TOOLKIT ApplicationRegistering a Pro/TOOLKIT application means providing information to Pro/ENGINEER about the file

30、s that form the Pro/TOOLKIT application. To do this, create a small text file, called the Pro/TOOLKIT registry file, that Pro/ENGINEER will find and read. Pro/ENGINEER searches for the registry file in the following locations, in this order:1. A file called PROTK.DAT or PRODEV. DAT in the current di

31、rectory2. A file named in a PROTK.DAT, PRODEVDAT, or TOOLKIT _ REGISTRY_ FILE statement in the Pro/ENGINEER configuration file3. A file called PROTK.DAT or PRODEV. DAT in the directory / /text/4. A file called PROTK.DAT or PRODEV. DAT in the directory / text in the last two options, the variables ar

32、e as follows: The Pro/ENGINEER load point (not the Pro/TOOLKIT load point) The machine specific subdirectory (such as sgi_elf2 or i486_nt) The name of the Pro/ENGINEER language the Pro/TOOLKIT application will be used with (such as Usascii (English), German, or Japanese)The registry file is a simple

33、 text file, where each line consists of one of a predefined set of keywords, followed by a value. The standard form of the registry file in DLL mode is as follows: name Your Application Name startup dll exec_file LOADDIR/MACHINE_TYPE/obj_filename. dlltext_dir LOADD IRrevision 3endThe statements in t

34、he registry file are as follow s:name Assigns a unique name to this Pro/TOOLKIT application. This is used to identify the application if there is more than one.Startup Specifies the method Pro/ENGINEER should use to communicate with the Pro/TOOLKIT application. This example specifies DLL mode.Exec_

35、file Specifies the name of the file produced by compiling and linking the Pro/TOOLKIT application. In DLL mode, this is a dynamically linkable library; in multi process mode, it is the executable of a complete program.Text_ dir Specifies the directory that contains the menu and message files used by

36、 the Pro/TOOLKIT application. These files allow multi language support for menu buttons and messages used in the Pro/TOOLKIT application.RevisionSpecifies the version of Pro/TOOLKIT against which you built the application. Use the name for the current release of Pro/TOOLKIT (for example, 2001, 2000i

37、, 2000i2, 2001).End Indicates the end of the descript ion of this Pro/TOOLKIT application.2. 2. 4Stopping and Restarting a Pro/TOOLKIT ApplicationPro/TOOLKIT supports the ability to stop and restart a synchronous application with in a single session of Pro/ENGINEER. This is particularly useful durin

38、g development of an application because it enables you to make changes to your source code and retest it without having to restart Pro/ENGINEER and reload your test models. Use the Auxiliary Applications dialog box to stop and restart applications .To make this option available, the registry file (d

39、efault name PROTK. DAT) should contain one of the following lines:Multi process mode:startup spawnDLL mode:startup DLLIf you want to be able to stop and restart your Pro/TOOLKIT application with in Pro/ENGINEER, you must also add the following statement to the definition of the application in the re

40、gistry file:Allowed stop TRUEIf you use the allow stop option, you might also set Pro/ENGINEER to not start the Pro/TOOLKIT application until you explicitly request it. To do this, you must add the following statement in your registry file: delay start TRUE2. 2. 5Unlocking a Pro/TOOLKIT ApplicationB

41、efore you distribute your application executable to the end user, you must unlock it. This enables the end user (your customer) to run your application without having Pro/TOOLKIT as an option. To unlock your application, enter the following command:/ bin/protk unlock file name3ConclusionsPro/TOOLKIT

42、 application extends the 3D modeling and library of the standard part, and increase some functions of the graphics informations label, product data management. In this way, we can improve the function of Pro/ENGINEER and accelerate the development of CAD/CAM software.References:1 Parametric Techno l

43、ogy Corporation. Pro/TOOLKIT Users Guide Z . U SA. 2001.2 LA I Chao2an, L IZhen2nan. The Key Techno logy about Application Development of Pro/E J . computer applications 2001. 9譯文Pro/ ENGINEER 軟件二次開發(fā)技術(shù)李其其格, 武建新, 賀向新0 簡介 Pro/ENGINEER是由美國PTC（Parametric Technology Corporation參數(shù)技術(shù)公司）開發(fā)的CAD/CAM/CAE集成軟件系統(tǒng)

44、。它是集成化的三維實體造型、設(shè)計、運動仿真、結(jié)構(gòu)分析、繪制工程圖軟件，特別以方便的參數(shù)化特征造型和系統(tǒng)相對性而聞名。目前，Pro/ENGINEER的使用已經(jīng)延伸到許多國家的各個領(lǐng)域了。盡管Pro/E是一個一般化的公共程序，但是它在某些方面還是存在一定的不足。此外，它自身的實際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和我國的國標(biāo)有所不同。因此，二次開發(fā)適應(yīng)各種不同的領(lǐng)域設(shè)計者基于商業(yè)的CAD/CAM的軟件平臺的需求的申請是一項很重要的工作。許多CAD/CAM軟件都支持接口的二次開發(fā)，Pro/TOOLKIT是Pro/E的二次開發(fā)接口。1 Pro/ TOOLKIT簡介Pro/E用Pro/ TOOLKIT從美國技術(shù)參數(shù)公司（PTC）設(shè)定

45、工具箱。這使用戶可以通過編寫程序源代碼來提高Pro/E的能力，然后在Pro/E中得心應(yīng)手地使用產(chǎn)生的申請。Pro/ TOOLKIT提供了一個很大的功能圖書館來保存外部的保存，并控制Pro/E的數(shù)據(jù)庫的存取以及申請。Pro/ TOOLKIT是PTC程序申請的接口。Pro/TOOLKIT用一種客觀的定向規(guī)畫風(fēng)格，Pro/E和申請之間傳遞的數(shù)據(jù)并不是直接可以看的見的，而只能在Pro/TOOLKIT的功能圖書館中存取。最基本的Pro/TOOLKIT概念就是實體和造型，每一個Pro/TOOLKIT功能圖書館都在一個特殊的實體上運行一個造型。Pro/TOOLKIT功能圖書館中每一個實體都有一個前綴名“Pr

46、o”，并用這個名字代表所做的造型，每一個實體都經(jīng)過定義，并自動連接到相關(guān)的實體造型中。大部分實體都存在于Pro/E數(shù)據(jù)庫中，比如特征和曲面。其他的，都以摘錄或者暫態(tài)形式存儲，例如一個造型產(chǎn)生的信息。2 Pro/TOOLKIT發(fā)展的技術(shù)2.1 Pro/TOOLKIT的工作方式2.1.1 同步模型根據(jù)你如何從Pro/E中申請同步模型，你的申請可以分為“DLL模型”或“Spawned模型”。接下來為您詳細介紹DLL和Spawned同步模型。DLL模型把Pro/TOOLKIT申請整合到Pro/E中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法是通過動態(tài)地連接到Pro/TOOLKIT圖書館中（DLLs）。在Pro/E運行的時候，當(dāng)你編譯一

47、個Pro/TOOLKIT文件代碼并將其導(dǎo)入Pro/TOOLKIT圖書館中，你便創(chuàng)建了一個連接到Pro/E運行器中的實體文件。這就是“DLL模型”Spawned模型Pro/TOOLKIT也支持第二種整合方法：“multi 程序”或者Spawned模型。在這個模型中，Pro/TOOLKIT申請代碼被編譯并連接到一個獨立的運行器中，這個運行器被設(shè)計用來形成Pro/E的產(chǎn)物并作為它的一個子程序來運行。在DLL模型中，Pro/TOOLKIT和Pro/E之間的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換是通過直接的功能響應(yīng)來實現(xiàn)的；而在multi 程序模型中，則是通過一個內(nèi)部程序信息系統(tǒng)來完成的，這個系統(tǒng)是通過模擬信息在兩個程序中的轉(zhuǎn)換所必

48、須的功能并通過辨別此功能值來確定功能響應(yīng)的。Multi 程序模型比DLL模型包含更多的交流信息，特別是當(dāng)Pro/TOOLKIT更加頻繁地訪問Pro/TOOLKIT圖書館功能的時候，因為實現(xiàn)這些功能響應(yīng)需要更復(fù)雜的方法。然而它有以下幾方面的優(yōu)點：它可以用一個源代碼糾正直接運行Pro/TOOLKIT而不用下載整個Pro/E糾正運行器。在你改進你的申請使之更容易糾錯是，如果你用Multi 程序模型，那么在安裝你的終端用戶申請時你必須轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镈LL模型，因為DLL模型的表現(xiàn)比較好。然而，在你投遞你的申請時，注意在你的DLL模型上徹底地測試。你程序里的任何錯誤都會引起Pro/E使用記錄的亂碼，或者Pro/

49、TOOLKIT會給你一個完全不同的結(jié)果，這樣的話，在你轉(zhuǎn)換你的DLL模型時就會產(chǎn)生新的錯誤了。2.1.2 非同步模型DLL模型和Spawned模型都是同步模型，所以Pro/E和Pro/TOOLKIT不會同時產(chǎn)生操作。在Spawned模型中，每一個程序都可以給另一個發(fā)送信息來要求某些操作，但是每一個程序都得等待一個操作已經(jīng)完成的反饋信息才能進行。兩個程序中的控制代理器總有一個通常處于等待狀態(tài)。非同步模型是Pro/TOOLKIT申請和Pro/E可以同時操作的一種復(fù)合程序模型。與同步模型不同的是，非同步模型用的是遠程程序呼叫（.rpc），即Pro/TOOLKIT申請和Pro/E可以相互交流。簡易非同

50、步模型在非同步模型中，Pro/TOOLKIT申請（包括其自身的main（）動作）是獨立于Pro/E啟動的，然后再啟動或者連接到Pro/E程序中的。一個簡易的非同步模型經(jīng)由Pro/Engineer Start ()可以產(chǎn)生或者連接到一個Pro/E程序。在這個啟動過程中，如果user initialize ()存在于申請中，那么Pro/E程序就呼叫這個程序。Pro/E程序“聽”來自申請的要求并在適當(dāng)?shù)男菹Ⅻc對指令之間正常地執(zhí)行動作。完全的非同步模型 在完全的非同步模型中，申請實施一個“聽從”來自于Pro/E程序的信息的控制循環(huán)，因此，Pro/E程序可以調(diào)用申請里的動作，包括收回菜單按鈕和通知的動作

51、。通常，你的完全的非同步申請必須聽從來自Pro/E程序的終止程序。有一種特殊情況就是當(dāng)Pro/E程序不再運行的時候，你的控制循環(huán)就不需要聽從Pro/E程序的命令了。完全的非同步模型必須要有一個無條件呼叫Pro/Event Process ()的動作。這個動作以和同步模型相似的信息反饋方式反饋給Pro/E程序。2.2 發(fā)展一個Pro/TOOLKIT申請的步驟一個非同步的Pro/TOOLKIT申請在發(fā)展步驟上和同步申請基本上是不同的，所以，在寫一個申請代碼之前，我們必須先考慮好用適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒?。通常有一條規(guī)則，同步模型必須預(yù)先選擇，除非有不可避免的原因才選擇非同步模型，因為后者使用起來很復(fù)雜。2.2.

52、1編寫申請代碼一個Pro/TOOLKIT申請必須包含user initialize () 和 user CD#terminate ( )兩個動作，這些動作都有一個前綴“user”，因為它們都是由Pro/TOOLKIT申請擴展器編寫的，但是它們分別在Pro/E的啟動和關(guān)閉期間被呼叫。user initialize ()是在Pro/E申請設(shè)定并且圖形窗口也創(chuàng)建之后才能使用的，這個動作必須包含任何Pro/TOOLKIT所需要的以及Pro/E菜單修改的設(shè)定初值，這個設(shè)定初值必須回零來指出Pro/TOOLKIT的初值設(shè)定成功。任何其他初值都會被認(rèn)為是一個錯誤，系統(tǒng)就會通知Pro/E用戶Pro/TOOLK

53、IT申請失敗。user CD#terminate ( )是在Pro/E關(guān)閉的時候，在用戶選擇證實退出對話框“Yes”之后被呼叫的，它的回行類型是空的。2.2.2 編譯和連接一個Pro/TOOLKIT申請編譯者的選擇和系統(tǒng)圖書館需要的編譯和連接的Pro/TOOLKIT申請在各自的平臺上是不同的。為了保證你用來建立Pro/TOOLKIT申請的文件使用正確的選擇，你必須使你的建立文件基于一個Pro/TOOLKIT建立文件的下載點上，這些文件是設(shè)計用來建立各種基于包括Pro/TOOLKIT安裝來源的Pro/TOOLKIT申請。2.2.3 登記一個Pro/TOOLKIT申請登記一個Pro/TOOLKIT

54、申請就是提供來自Pro/TOOLKIT申請文件的信息到Pro/E上。為此，我們要先創(chuàng)建一個名為Pro/TOOLKIT“登記文件”的文本文件，使得Pro/E可以找到和讀取。Pro/E在以下位置搜索該登記文件，并通過如下順序：1 在當(dāng)前目錄下尋找PROTK. DAT 或者 PRODEV. DAT的文件2 在Pro/E的結(jié)構(gòu)文件中，一個以PROTK.DAT , PRODEVDA T , 或者 TOOLKIT _ REGISTRY_ FILE命名的報表文件3 在目錄 / /text/下名為PROTK. DAT 或者 PRODEV. DAT的文件4在目錄 / /text下名為PROTK. DAT 或者

55、PRODEV. DAT的文件后兩者中的變量如下：是Pro/ENGINEER負荷點（而不是Pro/TOOLKIT負荷點）機器制造的特性子目錄（例如sgi_elf2 or i486_ nt）Pro/TOOLKIT申請所用的Pro/E語言（比如英語、德語或者日語）登記文件是一個簡單的文本文件，每一行都由預(yù)先定義的關(guān)鍵詞組成，然后寫入變量值名字 你的申請的名字啟動方式 DLL管理文件 LOADDIR/MACHINE_TYPE/obj_filename. dll文本DIR LOADDIR校驗次數(shù) 3回車（結(jié)束）登記文件里的變量稱述如下：文件名為你的Pro/TOOLKIT申請分配一個單一的文件名，這是為了

56、確定你的申請是獨一無二的。啟動模式選擇Pro/ENGINEER和Pro/TOOLKIT申請信息交流的方式，本例選擇DLL模式Exec_ file（管理文件）選擇由編譯和連接到Pro/TOOLKIT申請所產(chǎn)生的文件名，在DLL模型中是一個動態(tài)的可連接的圖書館，而在Multi程序模型中則是一個完整程序的運行器Text_ dirPro/TOOLKIT申請所用的包括目錄和信息文件的目錄，這些文件使Multi文件支持Pro/TOOLKIT申請所用的目錄和信息文件校驗次數(shù)選擇相對于你所建立的Pro/TOOLKIT申請的版本，使用你當(dāng)前所用的Pro/TOOLKIT申請的版本的名字（例如2001、2000i、

57、2000）回車（結(jié)束）指出所用的Pro/TOOLKIT申請的結(jié)束。2.2.4 停止并重新啟動一個新的Pro/TOOLKIT申請Pro/TOOLKIT支持在Pro/ENGINEER單一期間中停止和重新啟動一個同步模型申請，在建立一個申請時，這是非常有用的，因為這讓你可以不需要重新啟動Pro/ENGINEER以及重新下載你的模型測試就直接改變申請源代碼并進行測試，可使用非同步模型對話框來停止和重新啟動申請。為了得到這個選項，登記文件（失敗文件名為PRODK.DAT）必須包含以下幾條的其中一條：Multi程序模式：重起spawmDLL模型：重起DLL如果你想在Pro/ENGINEER中停止和重起你的

58、Pro/TOOLKIT申請，你必須在你的登記文件的定義中加入以下的條件：允許停止“TRUE”如果你用了允許停止選項，你也可以在不啟動Pro/TOOLKIT申請時啟動Pro/ENGINEER直到你明確地提出了你的申請。為此，你必須把以下條件加入你的登記文件延遲啟動“TRUE”2.2.5 開啟一個Pro/TOOLKIT申請在你分配你的申請運行器到終端用戶之前，你必須啟動Pro/TOOLKIT申請，這使得你的終端用戶（你的顧客）在運行申請之前選擇啟不啟動Pro/TOOLKIT。輸入以下命令來啟動你的申請：/ bin/protk unlock file name3 結(jié)論Pro/TOOLKIT擴充了3D模型和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件庫，也增加了一些圖形信息分類的功能以及產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理，從而，我們可以提高Pro/ENGINEER的功能并加速CAD/CAM軟件的發(fā)展。參考文獻1PTC用戶指導(dǎo).Z.U.S.A.20012賴超安、李震南.關(guān)于Pro/E二次開發(fā)的主要技術(shù).J.計算機申請.2001.9.