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1、Geneal Design IntroductionGeneral Design IntroductionThe last 20 years. With the rapid development of Chinas manufacturing industry. Various processing equipment was widely used in the processing industry. Therefore, the equipment manufacturing industry has been an unprecedented development. With Ch

2、inas economic restructuring and upgrading manufacturing technology, the original tradition, a single general equipment Sijing can not meet the needs of the market. Thus, the NC-based semi-automatic and automatic access to a large number of Chinas advanced equipment market.In the 1980s and early scor

3、es. Chinas machine tool manufacturers began developing many trial production with its own brand of CNC milling and processing centre, and with this supporting feature also emerged(Such as the spindle, rails, ball screw, bearings, etc). At this time, the development of CNC machine tools has a related

4、 conditions. Various manufacturers have also launched its own branded products, and their respective characteristics and a price advantage, and imports of machine tools in the competition seek survival. After more than 10 years of development, Chinas CNC milling and processing centres have made grea

5、t progress, whether it is performance, accuracy, or the types and packaging, have reached a considerable level of general machine tools have been accepted by users .The CNC machine tools, in particular, to do high-speed processing of NC machine tools, the overall structure of the machine should take

6、 full account of the processing machine object, processing characteristics and application of the machine itself to a reasonable structure. High-speed processing machine parts should be structured to meet the rigid, light weight, the dynamic characteristics of good requirements, as machine tools tar

7、geted at high-speed processing, so the NC machine tool axis and the various moving parts will be frequently changed the direction of movement. This will have a significant impact arising from inertial vibration, ranging from produce positioning error, leading to the surface quality of processing dec

8、reased weight, will result in a broken tool, or even scrapped products. This requires structural design of the machine must have a very good absorber damping and sexual.In order to make the feed axis have a good dynamic performance, to meet the rigid machine components under the circumstances, we mu

9、st minimize the weight of moving parts, to reduce moving parts and changing the direction of movement of the impact of inertia.In the work of the machine, machine-driven system is the power source in the high-speed processing of CNC machine tools, drive systems not only to ensure that the machine co

10、ordinates high-velocity, is more important to have a high acceleration, deceleration capacity, Acceleration to the campaign. Machine coordinates the acceleration performance depends primarily on the drive motor torque, the motor of inertia, the drive system of inertia and load inertia. Therefore, in

11、 the design of the machine drive system, we selected a high dynamic performance, high-rated speed, high torque, high-precision servo motor.At the same time, the transmission mechanism in the design of machine tools, electrical and screw a direct link between the use of the form and choose a sophisti

12、cated coupling, to reduce the transmission links, improve the links connecting link between the rigidity and reduce or eliminate the transmission gap And improve transmission stiffness, reducing the transmission of inertia, the ultimate realization of high dynamic response to the performance.In addi

13、tion, the transmission mechanism, the ball screw is the motor of the rotating shaft into the NC feed the movement of key components. Since moving parts frequently changing speed and direction of movement, therefore, the only choice of high precision and high wear resistance of the ball screw can gua

14、rantee a precision machine tools, stable performance.In the high-speed processing machine tools in the structure of the various moving parts require machine must have a very good dynamic characteristics. Therefore, in various parts of the structure and weight have been determined, how to reduce the

15、relative movement between the components of the friction coefficient, it is particularly important. In the design, we selected a sophisticated, wear and friction coefficient small, can withstand a load of the rectangular-shaped guide rails and Dovetail, to reduce friction between moving parts, impro

16、ving the dynamic nature of the various components so that the machine can To achieve rapid and accurate movement.The main axis of high-speed processing machine is another important area. In Die Making or other high-speed processing, in order to improve processing quality and efficiency of processing

17、, machine tool spindle itself to the requirements of higher and higher. High-speed machine tool requirements of high speed spindle, high dynamic characteristics, high acceleration, and other characteristics, so that high-speed machine tool spindle is the most critical components of. In the design of

18、 the machine, taking into account the requirements of the spindle speed is relatively high, general machinery spindle difficult to meet the corresponding requirements. Therefore, we choose a rational structure, stable performance of high-speed spindle.NC system is a process control system, it can ha

19、ndle the importation of logic to the system in the NC processing, movement control of CNC machine tools and processing the parts. NC system is mainly composed of input and output devices, computer numerical control devices, programmable logic controller, servo spindle drives, feed servo drives as we

20、ll as detection devices and other components. In the design of the main use of MCS-51 series of 8031 MCU control.In the design of comprehensive utilization require students to the university during the four years of knowledge, independent and innovative engineering in the completion of the necessary machinery and electrical products and related control the mechanical part of the design task, for after graduation in mechanical Electronic equipment research and development, use, and further lay a good foundation for further studies.V