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1、專題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)(十一)名詞高考題組1(2016江蘇高考，24)Can you tell us your _ for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full，definitely.ArecipeBrecordCrangeDreceiptA考查語境選詞。句意：“你能告訴我們你幸福和長壽的秘訣(recipe)嗎？”“確切地說，要充實(shí)過好每一天。”A項(xiàng)recipe意為“秘訣”，符合語境。record記錄，檔案；range范圍，界限；receipt收據(jù)，收條。 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：57732048】2(2015江蘇高考，32)Some schoo

2、ls will have to make _ in agreement with the national soccer reform.AjudgmentsBadjustmentsCcommentsDachievementsB考查語境選詞。句意：一些學(xué)校將不得不做出調(diào)整，以便和國家足球改革保持一致。judgment評價(jià)，看法；adjustment調(diào)整，適應(yīng)；comment評論，議論；achievement成就，成績。既然要和國家足球改革保持一致(in agreement with the national soccer reform)，那么就應(yīng)該做出調(diào)整(make adjustments)，故

3、選B項(xiàng)。3(2015江蘇高考，35)Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave.Id like to，but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _ArequestsBexcusesCapologiesDregretsC考查語境選詞。句意：去向你媽媽道歉，戴夫。我想去，但我擔(dān)心她對我的道歉不滿意。request要求，請求；excuse理由，借口；apology道歉，致歉；regret懊悔，遺憾。根據(jù)前面的say sorry“道歉”判斷選C項(xiàng)。4(2014江蘇高考，27)She was put under house arrest tw

4、o years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election.AsymbolBportraitCidentityDstatueA考查語境選詞。句意：她兩年前被軟禁，但在去年的選舉中仍然是一個(gè)很強(qiáng)勢的具有代表性的人物。symbol的本義是“象征，符號，標(biāo)志”，可以引申為“具有某一特性或思想的代表/代表性人物”，符合語境。portrait肖像；identity身份；statue雕像，塑像。5(2016天津高考，10)The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _ of

5、 rain later tonight.AeffectBsenseCchangeDchanceD考查語境選詞。句意：天氣預(yù)報(bào)說多云，今天夜間下雨的可能性(chance)不大。D項(xiàng)chance意為“可能性”，符合語境。effect結(jié)果，效應(yīng)；sense感覺，理解力；change變化，改變。6(2016浙江高考，4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your _AconditionBincomeCcreditDstatusC考查語境選詞。句意：按時(shí)繳付電費(fèi)很重要，因?yàn)橥斫?/p>

6、可能會影響你的信用(credit)。credit意為“信用”，符合語境。condition條件，情況；income收入，收益；status身份，職位。7(2015浙江高考，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce_is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.AproductionBstressCenergyDpowerB考查語境選詞。句意：減少_最有效的方式之一就是與你信任的人聊聊感受。與信任的人聊感受可以減少“壓力(stress)”。production(生產(chǎn))，energy(能源，能量)，p

7、ower(權(quán)力，影響力)，均與語境不符。8(2015湖北高考，22)He gave himself a new name to hide his _ when he went to carry out the secret task.AemotionBtalentCidentityDtreasureC考查語境選詞。句意：當(dāng)他去執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)秘密任務(wù)的時(shí)候，他給自己起了一個(gè)新的名字來隱藏自己的_。根據(jù)題干中的a new name和the secret task可知，在執(zhí)行秘密任務(wù)的時(shí)候他的“身份(identity)”是保密的。emotion情感；talent天才；treasure財(cái)富。9(2015福建

8、高考，24)The failure was a big _ to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.AblowBissueCexcuseDfactorA考查語境選詞。句意：這次失敗對他來說是個(gè)大的_，但是他并未感到沮喪并且很快變得和以前一樣充滿熱情。blow打擊；issue問題，(報(bào)刊的)期，號；excuse借口，托辭；factor因素。根據(jù)題干中的but he wasnt discouraged(但是他并未感到沮喪)可推知，這次失敗對他來說是個(gè)大的“打擊(blow)”。故答案為A項(xiàng)。10(20

9、15安徽高考，30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some_and then let me know.AthoughtBsupportCprotectionDauthorityA本題結(jié)合名詞詞義辨析考查語境選詞。句意：現(xiàn)在沒有必要告訴我你的答案。多思考(thought)一下，再讓我知道。support支持；protection保護(hù)；authority權(quán)威。模擬題組1(2016南京調(diào)研)Whats up, detective?I thought the case was off.Everything fell into _

10、 so perfectly.But Im wrong.AplaceBstepCpiecesDruinsA考查名詞。句意：“怎么了，偵探？”“我原以為這起案件結(jié)束了。一切都真相大白了。但是我錯(cuò)了?！眆all into place意為“清晰，明朗化，理出頭緒”；fall into step意為“與合上步伐，步調(diào)一致”；fall into pieces意為“成為碎片，變得破舊”；fall into ruins意為“毀壞，成為廢墟，破敗不堪”。2(2016南京調(diào)研)We do not have the _ and therefore cannot afford the latest computer

11、software. AsuppliesBfacilitiesCsourcesDresourcesD考查名詞。句意：我們沒有錢，所以負(fù)擔(dān)不起最新的電腦軟件。resource意為“財(cái)力，資源；有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的東西，資料”；supply意為“供應(yīng)，供給，補(bǔ)給”；facility意為“設(shè)施，設(shè)備；場所；天賦，才能”；source意為“來源，出處；源頭，發(fā)源地；起源，根源，原因”。3(2016鹽城第一學(xué)期期中考試)College graduates are caught in an annoying situation between a lack of jobs if they leave and a

12、 _ on higher education if they stay.AcompromiseBsqueezeCburdenDpassionB考查名詞。句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)生陷入了進(jìn)退兩難的窘境：如果選擇畢業(yè)則缺少工作，如果選擇深造則面臨每個(gè)人獲得高等教育的機(jī)會減少(繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的人數(shù)增多，會導(dǎo)致個(gè)人被錄取的幾率降低)。squeeze意為“拮據(jù)，經(jīng)濟(jì)困難；擠壓，擁擠”；compromise意為“妥協(xié)，讓步”；burden意為“負(fù)擔(dān)，重負(fù)”；passion意為“激情，熱情；愛好，酷愛”。4(2016鎮(zhèn)江第一學(xué)期期中考試)The Chinese womens volleyball team won the

13、2016 Olympic Games victory, which was beyond our wildest _AinspirationsBexpectationsCinvitationsDcooperationsB考查名詞。句意：中國女子排球隊(duì)贏得了2016年奧運(yùn)會的勝利，這是我們做夢都沒有想到的。beyond ones wildest expectations/dreams為固定短語，意為“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)出乎所料，大大超出希望，做夢都沒有想到”。expectation意為“期望，預(yù)期”；inspiration意為“靈感，啟發(fā)；激勵，鼓舞”；invitation意為“邀請；請柬”；cooperat

14、ion意為“合作，協(xié)作”。 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：57732049】5(2016蘇北四市摸底)Tu Youyou won Nobel Prize in Medicine for her discoveries that helped doctors fight malaria and _ caused by roundworm parasites.AinjectionsBinfectionsCprescriptionsDpresentationsB考查名詞辨析。句意：屠呦呦因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)了有助于醫(yī)生治療瘧疾以及蛔蟲寄生蟲感染的方法而獲得了諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎。根據(jù)空格后面的caused by roundworm par

15、asites可知，infections意為“感染”，符合語境。injection意為“注射”；prescription意為“處方”；presentation意為“展示；呈現(xiàn)”。6(2016蘇北四市摸底)In spite of his _ to be a scholar in that field, he is not well equipped with that talent.ApotentialBcompetenceCambitionDcharacterC考查名詞辨析。句意：雖然他有著想在那個(gè)領(lǐng)域里面成為學(xué)者的雄心壯志，但是他缺乏那種才智。potential意為“潛力”；competenc

16、e意為“能力；勝任”；ambition意為“野心；雄心；抱負(fù)”；character意為“性格”。根據(jù)題干后半句he is not well equipped with that talent可知，只有C項(xiàng)符合語境。7(2016南京、鹽城一模)A worldwide _ to healthier diets is one of many actions that need to be taken to avoid dangerous climate change.AshiftBadmissionCwitnessDresponseA考查名詞。句意：全世界轉(zhuǎn)向更健康的飲食是避免危險(xiǎn)的氣候變化所必須采

17、取的諸多行動之一。shift意為“改變，轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)換”；admission意為“承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；入場費(fèi)”；witness意為“證人，目擊者”；response意為“回答，回應(yīng)”。8(2016南京、鹽城一模)Beijing has set the citys population _ at 23 million by 2020 due to water scarcity and big city diseases such as traffic jam.AbudgetBceilingCexplosionDstandardB考查名詞。句意：由于水資源短缺和諸如交通擁堵之類的“大城市病”，北京已經(jīng)將2

18、020年的人口上限確定為2 300萬。ceiling意為“上限，最高限度”；budget意為“預(yù)算”；explosion意為“爆炸；激增”；standard意為“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，水平”。9(2016南通第一次調(diào)研)Simon will listen to music every time he comes across a maths problem.You know, music is the source of _ in life.AinspirationBidentificationCreactionDrecreationA考查名詞。句意：“西蒙每次遇到數(shù)學(xué)難題都會聽音樂?！薄澳阒赖?，在生活中音

19、樂是靈感的來源?！眎nspiration意為“靈感，啟發(fā)；激勵，鼓舞”；identification意為“識別，鑒定，確認(rèn)；身份證明”；reaction意為“反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)”；recreation意為“消遣，娛樂”。10(2016南通、連云港二模)Children enjoying parents _ during their growth tend to have better living habits than leftbehind children.AcompanyBcompromiseCcommandDcomprehensionA考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在成長過程中有父母陪伴的孩子往往比

20、留守兒童有更好的生活習(xí)慣。company“陪伴”；compromise“妥協(xié)，讓步”；command“命令”；comprehension“理解力”。根據(jù)語境，選A項(xiàng)。11(2016南京、鹽城二模)Estella showed me the way with a candle.When she opened the side entrance, the _ of the daylight quite confused me.AtrendBrushCcrashDincreaseB考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Estella用蠟燭給我引路。當(dāng)她打開側(cè)門時(shí)，突然照入的陽光使我眩暈。trend趨勢；rush沖

21、，猛烈移動；crash碰撞，崩潰；increase增加。此處形容外面的陽光一開門的時(shí)候突然照射進(jìn)來，rush符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)。12(2016揚(yáng)州一模)The proposals deserve support as the needs of children should be given _ to.ApriorityBpreferenceCprivilegeDpromotionA考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些提議應(yīng)該得到支持，因?yàn)楹⒆拥男枰獞?yīng)該被給予優(yōu)先考慮。preference偏好，偏愛；privilege特權(quán)；promotion提升，晉升，推銷，均不符合語境。priority優(yōu)先權(quán)，孩子

22、的需要應(yīng)該被給予優(yōu)先考慮，符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。13(2016泰州二模)As is often the case, teachers _ with parents involve complaints about childrens misbehavior and laziness in school. AacquaintancesBnegotiationsCconferencesDconsultationsC考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：老師跟家長的討論都有著他們對孩子在學(xué)校的不良行為和懶散的不滿，這是經(jīng)常的事情。acquaintance認(rèn)識的人，熟人；negotiation協(xié)商，談判；consul

23、tation咨詢，磋商。conference會議，討論，符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。14(2016蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模)Since it is common _ to copy others designs, the Council of Fashion Designers has recently urged the government to pass laws to protect designers rights. ApracticeBstandardCsenseDactivityA考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于抄襲他人的設(shè)計(jì)是一種慣例，最近時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)者委員會敦促政府通過法律保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)者的權(quán)益。standa

24、rd標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；sense意識，感覺；common sense常識；activity活動。common practice慣例，通常的做法，符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。15(2016蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模)Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?Well，you know, English is my _So it is my best choice.AtalentBstrengthCabilityDskillB考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你為什么選擇去一家國際旅行機(jī)構(gòu)工作呢？哦，你知道的，英語是我的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)。所以這是我的最佳選擇。talent天賦；ability能力；skill技巧。strength長處，強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)。