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1、Section AGrammar Focus Is it made of silver?It was made in Thailand.What is the model plane made of?Where is tea produced in China?How is it grown?It is planted on the side of mountains.They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underli

2、ned parts. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (Passive Voice)結(jié)構(gòu): be + V-p.p.am / are / is + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): Many people speak English. 主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換English is spoken by many people.主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去式 賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞 介詞+ 賓語(yǔ) 主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句所遵循的4個(gè)步驟：1. 把原主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)。2. 把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)形式即be+過(guò)去分詞，并注意其人稱(chēng)和數(shù)隨主語(yǔ)的變化，而動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)則保持不變。3. 原主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)如需要?jiǎng)t放在by后

3、面以它 的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要?jiǎng)t可省略。4. 其它的成分（定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)）不變。 1.People play football all over the world.2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully. Football is played all over the world by people.A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.The kind teacher is

4、listened to by students carefully. 把下列的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句。 1) Sunglasses _ (use) for protecting peoples eyes. 2) A picture _ (put) up on the blackboard. 3) French _ (speak) in France. are usedis putis spoken用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。 4) Which language _ the most widely _ (speak) in the world?5) The students _ often _ (tel

5、l) to take care of their desks and chairs.6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _ (sell) in this shop. isspoken are told are sold 1. Tea is grown in South China.（改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） People _ _ in South China.2. People use metal for making machines. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) Metal _ _ _ making machines.grow tea按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子，一空一詞。 is used f

6、or 3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改為被動(dòng)句) Silk _ _ in Suzhou.4. We call maths the language of science. (改為被動(dòng)句)Maths _ _ the language of science.is producedis called 1. Cotton (棉花) _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow2. The Great Wall _ all over the world.A. knows B.

7、 knew C. is known D. was knownA選擇正確答案。 C 3. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served4. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes. Our classroom _ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning BC 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種句型1. 肯定句 主語(yǔ) + be + 過(guò)去分詞 + (b

8、y)A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.2. 否定句 主語(yǔ) + be + not +過(guò)去分詞 + (by)3. 一般疑問(wèn)句 Be + 主語(yǔ) +過(guò)去分詞 + (by)? A sweet song isnt sung by her on the stage.Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句 疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) +過(guò)去分詞 + (by)?Where is a sweet song sung by her? 1. Do you water your flowers every day

9、?(變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句)2. Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (變?yōu)橐蓡?wèn)句)Are your flowers watered by you every day?Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子。 3. This English song is sung by the girls after class. 改為否定句改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并做肯定和否定回

10、答對(duì)劃線提問(wèn)This English song is not sung by the girls after class.Is this English song sung by the girls after class?When is this English song sung by the girls? 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的運(yùn)用:（1） 不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒(méi) 有必要知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 這座房子太舊了，它是1950年建的。When will the road be opened to traffi

11、c? 這條路什么時(shí)候通車(chē)? （2） 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象即賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。 Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 計(jì)算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。 He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比賽中獲得了第一。 有時(shí)為了禮貌等原因不愿說(shuō)出行為者,這時(shí)也常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新實(shí)驗(yàn)室必須在下個(gè)月底前完工。You are requested to give a performanc

12、e. 請(qǐng)你給我們表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。（3） 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)： 含有雙賓語(yǔ)，即直接賓語(yǔ)(常指事物)和間接賓語(yǔ)(常指人)的句子，每個(gè)賓語(yǔ)都可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，即其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種形式。但多以間接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。 Jack told us the truth.We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. He passes me the football. (改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))I _ _ the football by him.The football _ _ _ me by him.am passedis

13、passed to 動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)之意 1). 系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)之意。常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有： be動(dòng)詞, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等 It smells terrible. 2).下列動(dòng)詞(詞組)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take An accident happened yesterday. 注 意 3). 不及物動(dòng)詞sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wea

14、r等，常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 This book sells well. 這本書(shū)暢銷(xiāo)。 The kind of cloth washes well. 這種布很容易洗。 4). 在英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)可用“get+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： I got dressed as quickly as l could. 我盡快穿上衣服。這樣結(jié)構(gòu)比較常見(jiàn)的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。 A: Where are ?B: They are in grow

15、in Brazil grow in Colombia grow in China grow in CanadaA: Where is / are ?B: It is / They are in followed by interviewed by 【2013江蘇常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副詞連用的不及物動(dòng)詞如read, write, wash, clean

16、, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主語(yǔ)是非生命的名詞或代詞, 用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)含義。本句的主語(yǔ)為T(mén)his listening material為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù); sell well意為“暢銷(xiāo)”。句意為“這個(gè)聽(tīng)力材料以及它的光盤(pán)很暢銷(xiāo)?！惫蔬xA。 【2013河南】 Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold【解析】主語(yǔ)the bo

17、ok和動(dòng)詞sell構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)句意“對(duì)不起，你要的書(shū)已售完”。故選B。 【2013廣西南寧】 Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read【解析】由上句可知韓寒的書(shū)很受歡迎，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)they是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案選C項(xiàng)。 【2013湖北宜昌】 At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More

18、chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【解析】句子大意為“小組學(xué)習(xí)為學(xué)生提供了更多相互學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)”?！皺C(jī)會(huì)”和“提供”之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有are offered為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。 【2013湖北襄陽(yáng)】 Didnt you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A

19、. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停車(chē)不被允許，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now可知，考察一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B。 【2013廣東梅州】The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 【解析】主語(yǔ)the child與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)take care of之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一

20、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選A。 【2013浙江寧波】 Have you finished your project? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given【解析】句意“如果再給我十分鐘我會(huì)完成它”，主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。故選B。 【2013湖北黃石】This pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable. A. is made with; is

21、 felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels【解析】句意: “這雙鞋是由手工制成的，它感覺(jué)起來(lái)很舒服”, 主語(yǔ)this pair of shoes不能執(zhí)行謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞make, 故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式, 用is made by的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu); feel為連系動(dòng)詞, 不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。 1. Children under 18 _ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _ (pay) by t

22、he boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language _ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. are not allowed are paid is spoken4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4. Most of the earths surface _ (cover) by wa

23、ter.5. The classroom needs to _ (clean) every day. is covered be cleaned 2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast.3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.In China, the best rice are grown (by farmers) in the northeast.Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.4b Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes.5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes (by the postman).This silver plate is not used very often in our family.