《中考英語(yǔ)命題研究 第二部分 語(yǔ)法專題突破篇 專題十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 第一節(jié) 時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成精講試題1》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《中考英語(yǔ)命題研究 第二部分 語(yǔ)法專題突破篇 專題十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 第一節(jié) 時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成精講試題1（6頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、專題十動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),青海五年中考命題規(guī)律及趨勢(shì)編者按：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是青海中考必考點(diǎn)，主要涉及過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。其中過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)考查頻率最高，其次為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。以單項(xiàng)選擇中考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法居多。所以，考生要重點(diǎn)掌握六種時(shí)態(tài)的基本用法和構(gòu)成，也要掌握時(shí)態(tài)的判斷方法。尤其是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法，重點(diǎn)掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。第一節(jié)時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成,青海中考重難點(diǎn)突破【滿分點(diǎn)撥】1動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式變化表英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)(現(xiàn)在式)、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。形式構(gòu)成例詞動(dòng)詞原形沒有經(jīng)過(guò)任何變形，就是詞典

2、中一般給出的形式。be，do，have，come第三人稱單數(shù)一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加s。workworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加es。gogoeswashwashes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加es。flyfliesstudystudies過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加ed。workworkedstaystayed在以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加d。closeclosedlikeliked以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加ed。studystudiedcarrycarried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再

3、加ed。stopstoppedplanplanned續(xù)表形式構(gòu)成例詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加ing。sleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加ing。smilesmilingmovemoving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加ing。sitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ing。diedyinglielying常見的短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have closed/openedhave been closed/openhave die

4、dhave been deadhave lefthave been awayhave begun/startedhave been onhave finished/endedhave been overhave becomehave beenhave borrowedhave kepthave boughthave hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp.have been away from sp.have fallen asleephave been asleephave put onhave wornhav

5、e caught/got a coldhave had a coldhave got to knowhave known.常見六種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法種類意義構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞例句備注一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作；2.目前的狀態(tài)；3.客觀真理。be用am/is/are；主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，作謂語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞詞尾加s/es；其他人稱和數(shù)用動(dòng)詞原形。often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in

6、the morning.他經(jīng)常早上7點(diǎn)去學(xué)校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；2.過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)。be用was/were；其他動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。just now， ago，in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我們?nèi)チ藲v史博物館。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)

7、作；2.將來(lái)存在的狀態(tài)。1.助動(dòng)詞will(shall)動(dòng)詞原形；2.am/is/are going to動(dòng)詞原形。tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我將在校門口見你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15歲了。在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。am/is/are動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。now，at present，at th

8、e moment，look，listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it，please？電話響了，你可以接聽一下嗎？表示位置移動(dòng)或狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞，如：come，go，leave等詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去某一階段或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。was/were動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句。I was reading when he came in.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，我正在讀書。He was always complaining about s

9、omething.他總是抱怨一些事情。在復(fù)合句中，如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，那么延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，通常在when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中出現(xiàn)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作；對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響；2.從過(guò)去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。have/has動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城一次。I have been in the Yo

10、uth Volunteers for five years.我來(lái)到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；2.短暫性動(dòng)詞不與一段時(shí)間連用。如果要與一般時(shí)間連用必須換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。(見上表)考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】( B )1.(2016武漢中考)Who is that lady?Shes Miss Green.She _ us music，and she is so good.AtaughtBteachesCwill teach Dis teaching( B )2.(2016北京中考)Where did you go last weekend?I _ to the Gr

11、eat Wall.Ago BwentCwill go Dhave gone( B )3.(2016上海中考)Last week Vivian _ a dress for her mother with her firstmonth salary.Abuy BboughtCwill buy Dwould buy( B )4.(2016河北中考)Oh no！I _ my book in the lab.Aleave BleftCwill leave Dwas leaving( B )5.(2016河南中考)There is someone knocking at the door.It must

12、be the computer repairman.I _him to come to fix my computer.Acall Bhave calledCcalled Dwill call( C )6.We make it a rule that each of us_the bedroom one day a week.Ahas cleanedBhave cleanedCcleans( C )7.Mr.Green，a famous writer，_ our school next week.Avisited BvisitsCwill visit( C )8.The last time I_to the cinema was two years ago.Ago Bhave goneCwent( C )9.Look，some people_photos on the beach.Atook BtakesCare taking( B )10.My brother_books at that moment.Aread Bwas readingCwill read( C )11.(2016青海中考模擬)I_Mr.Smith since he moved to Shanghai.Adidnt hear fromBdont hear fromChavent heard from6