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1、2020學年人教版英語精品資料 Section_ⅢLearning_about_Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點擊 1．lower vt.降低，跌落；減弱→low adj.低矮的 2．beard_n．胡須 3．ripe adj.熟的，成熟的，時機成熟的→ripeness n．成熟，老練→ripen (使)成熟 4．irrigation n．灌溉→irrigate v．灌溉 5．weed n．野草，雜草 6．spear n．矛；標槍 7．string n．線，細繩，一串 8．spade_n．鏟；鐵鍬 9．postpone vt.推遲，延遲 10．monument n．

2、紀念碑→monumental豐碑式的 Ⅱ.重點短語必記 result in　　　　　導致 Ⅲ.常用句型必備 1．There was not much room left_for_the_crew. 2．We were dirty and had long beards, for we had no fresh water to_wash_in and we didnt shave at all. Ⅳ.單元語法聚焦 非謂語動詞作賓語和雙賓語動詞 1．ripe adj. (1)成熟的 Soon ripe, soon rotten. [諺]早熟早爛，[喻]早慧早衰。 Th

3、is fruit isnt ripe yet — we cant eat it. 這水果還沒有熟，我們不能吃。 (2)準備好的；適宜的 This field is ripe for sowing. 這塊地已適合于播種了。 be ripe for ... ……的時機成熟；準備就緒；適于…… The time is ripe for reforming the education system. 改革教育體制的時機已經(jīng)成熟。 ripe, mature (1)ripe主要用于果實已成熟，可以食用；也用于谷物成熟，可以收獲，?？膳cmature互換。還可以引申為“時機成熟”。

4、The peaches are not mature/ripe. 桃還沒有成熟。 (2)mature應用范圍較廣，不僅指果實、谷物的成熟，而且泛指動植物或人在發(fā)育方面的成熟。 Peach trees are considered mature when they begin bearing fruit. 桃樹開始結(jié)果便成熟了。 　　 (1)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. (2)A gree

5、n banana is not ripe/mature enough to eat. 2．postpone vt.延期；延緩；擱置 We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th. 我們把比賽從3月5日推遲到3月19日舉行。 postpone doing sth.　　 延期做某事 She postponed getting married because of her career. 由于事業(yè)她推遲了婚期。 postpone, delay (1)postpone指延遲一段時間，等做過了某件事、了解了某種情況、得到了某種

6、信息后再去做。 (2)delay指因出現(xiàn)了某種障礙而延緩，要延遲到什么時候還不確定。強調(diào)“推遲”這個概念。 　　 (1)Lets postpone making (make) a decision until we have more information. (2)Their arrival will be delayed (delay) because of heavy traffic. 3．monument n．紀念建造物；紀念碑(與to連用) This pillar is a monument to all those who died in the civil war.

7、 這根紀念柱是為所有那些在國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爭中犧牲的人所建的紀念碑。 the Monument to the Peoples Heroes人民英雄紀念碑 需要跟to表示“的……”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有： the key to sth.　 　 ……的鑰匙、答案或關(guān)鍵 the access to sth. ……的通道或使用方法 the entrance to sth. ……的入口 　　 The key to solving the problem (解決問題的關(guān)鍵) is to find the person who has witnessed the scene. 1．result in

8、造成；導致 The earthquake resulted in thousands of deaths. 這次地震造成了成千上萬人的死亡。 These policies resulted in many people suffering hardship. 這些政策使得許多人在困苦中掙扎。 (1)result from　由……造成；因……而產(chǎn)生 (2)as a result 結(jié)果 as a result of 作為……的結(jié)果 without result 沒有結(jié)果；白費 However, pollution and other serious problems hav

9、e also resulted from human progress. 但是，人類的發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生了污染和其他嚴重的問題。 The city is at the cross of many railways and highways; as a result, it is convenient to transport. 這座城市位于交通樞紐處，因此交通便利。 She had called three times to her son, but without result. 她已給兒子打了三次電話，可是毫無結(jié)果。 [注意]　(1)result in的主語是“起因”，賓語是“結(jié)果

10、”；result from的主語是“結(jié)果”，賓語是“起因”。 (2)表示“導致”的詞語還有： cause, lead to, contribute to, bring about等。 　　 (1)as a result, as a result of (2)from, in 1．There was not much room left_for_the_crew. 沒有給全體隊員留下足夠的空間。 (1)left在句中作后置定語，在一般情況下單個的單詞作定語時，要放在被修飾詞的前邊，但也有些形容詞和分詞必須放在后邊作定語；也有些可前可后，但意義不同。 ①以a開頭的表示狀

11、態(tài)的形容詞，一般在句子中當表語成分，但作定語時須后置，類似的形容詞有：alive, asleep, alike, alone, awake, aware, ashamed, absent, afraid, available等。 Tom was the only boy awake at that time. 那時湯姆是唯一醒著的男孩。 ②部分表示方位、處所、時間的副詞如here, there, above, below, upstairs, downstairs, outside, inside, around, today, nearby等常作后置定語。 A boy outside

12、 is waiting for you. 外面的男孩正在等你。 ③left和remaining都表示有“剩下的”的意思，但left只作后置定語，remaining只作前置定語。 We have five remaining books. →We have five books left. 我們還剩五本書。 ④involved意為“有牽連的”，“牽涉的”，只作后置定語。 We must pay more attention to the problems involved. 我們必須對所涉及的問題多加關(guān)注。 ⑤有些詞既可當作前置定語又可當作后置定語，但含義不一樣。如：used,

13、 concerned, present。 All people present at the meeting are students.(present作為“出席的，在場的”時只能是后置定語。) 出席會議的所有人員都是學生。 The present problem is how to get there.(present作為“目前的，現(xiàn)在的”時，只能是前置定語) 目前的問題是如何去那兒。 (2)如果是短語作定語，要放在被修飾詞的后邊。 The girl referred to is a friend of mine. 剛才提到的那個女孩是我的朋友。 The building b

14、eing built is our school. 正在建設的大樓是我們的學校。 　　 (1)Weve collected a large quantity of used_books (舊書)． (2)The story (which_was)_written_by_a_middle_school_student (一個中學生寫的) is popular in schools. (3)There is little time_left (剩余時間); you must hurry. 2．We were dirty and had long beards，for we had

15、no fresh water to_wash_in and we didnt shave at all. 我們身上很臟，胡子很長，因為我們沒有淡水洗澡，也根本不刮胡子。 to wash in作定語修飾其前面的名詞water。因為主語we與動詞不定式構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以動詞不定式采用主動形式。 She usually has a lot of meetings to attend. 她通常有許多會議要參加。 [注意]　當不定式被用作定語時，若句中有其表示的動作的發(fā)出者，應用不定式的主動形式；若沒有動作的發(fā)出者，則用被動形式。 I will go shopping.Do you

16、have anything to be bought? 我要去購物。你有什么要(我為你)買的嗎？ 　　 (1)Every day Ive got lots of things to_deal_with (處理)． (2)It was an exciting moment to_remember (記住)． (3)They made a plan to_set_up (組建) a club for car fans. 非謂語動詞作賓語和雙賓語動詞 一、非謂語動詞作賓語 1．只能跟v.ing形式作賓語的常見動詞和短語口訣 避免錯過少延期　　avoid，miss，pu

17、t off 建議完成多練習 advise，finish，practice 喜歡想象禁不住 enjoy，imagine，cant help 承認否定與嫉妒 admit，deny，envy 逃避冒險莫原諒 escape，risk，excuse 忍受保持不介意 stand，keep，mind Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 把收音機的聲音調(diào)低點你介意嗎？ The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 這只松鼠很幸運沒有被抓住

18、。 I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. 我橫穿馬路以便避開他，但他看到了我并朝我跑過來。 2．只能跟動詞不定式作賓語的常見動詞和短語口訣 決定學會有希望　decide/determine/resolve, learn, hope/wish 同意安排別假裝 agree, arrange, pretend 膽敢拒絕定失敗 dare/venture, refuse/ decline, fail 準備設法來幫忙 prepare, manage

19、, help 提出要求付得起 ask/offer, demand/ask, afford 答應計劃理應當　　promise, plan, be supposed 努力期盼別猶豫 endeavor, desire/expect, hesitate 想要發(fā)誓作保障 want/would like/should love, pledge/swear/vow，guarantee His father has decided to give up smoking. 他的父親已經(jīng)決定戒煙了。 Dont pretend to know what you dont know. 不要不懂裝

20、懂。 I cant afford to buy such an expensive car. 我買不起這么貴的車。 3．既可跟v.ing形式作賓語又可跟動詞不定式作賓語的常見動詞和短語 (1)在hate，like，love，prefer等動詞后，表習慣性一般性的動作常用v.ing形式；一次性具體的動作多用動詞不定式。 I like watching TV, but I dont like to watch this TV play. 我喜歡看電視，但我不喜歡看這部電視劇。 (2)在try，mean，learn，go on，cant help等動詞后，用兩種形式意義不同。 ①tr

21、y ②mean ③learn ④go on ⑤cant help Im very busy today, so I cant help to do the housework. 我很忙，所以不能幫著做家務活。 She cant help crying at the bad news. 聽到這壞消息，她禁不住哭了。 (3)當主語是物時，在want，need，require等動詞后，用兩種語態(tài)形式表示“(某物)需要……”，即＋doing/to be done。 The flowers in the garden need watering/to be watered. 花

22、園里的花需要澆水了。 (4)在remember, forget, regret等動詞后，用兩種形式時間概念不同。 ①＋to do記住/忘記/抱歉將要做…… ②＋doing/having done記住/忘記/后悔曾做過…… —Have you forgotten borrowing a ruler from Betty? —Oh, yes.But I remember returning it to her the next day. ——你忘了你曾經(jīng)從Betty那兒借過尺子嗎？ ——喔，是的。但是我記得第二天還給她了。 二、雙賓語動詞 有些及物動詞需要兩個賓語才能表達一個完整

23、意念。兩種賓語在句子中的位置： 1．主語＋及物動詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語 Please hand me the book. 請把書遞給我。 He owes me five dollars. 他欠我五美元。 Her mother bought her a skirt. 她媽媽為她買了一條裙子。 2．主語＋及物動詞＋直接賓語＋介詞＋間接賓語 (1)間接賓語前加介詞to的動詞有：give，tell，lend，sell，teach，send，write，show，return，bring，pass，leave，offer，hand等。 They gave the house to J

24、ohn. 他們把房子給了約翰。 He sold his old car to one of his neighbors. 他把舊車賣給了他的一個鄰居。 [注意]　say，explain，introduce等為接單賓語的及物動詞。故“say/explain/introduce sth. to sb.”結(jié)構(gòu)不能說成say/explain/introduce sb. sth. Please explain the sentence to us.(正確) Please explain us the sentence.(不正確) 請給我們解釋一下這個句子。 (2)間接賓語前加介詞for的

25、動詞有：buy，choose，get，make，fetch，find，order，paint，save，spare，cook等。 I have bought some chocolate for you. 我給你買了一些巧克力。 [注意]　如果直接賓語為人稱代詞那么必須把直接賓語放在間接賓語前，且間接賓語前加上適當?shù)慕樵~。 I handed it to our teacher. 我把它遞給了我們的老師。 不能說：I handed our teacher it. (3)間接賓語前加介詞of的動詞有：ask，require，demand，expect等。 You are askin

26、g a lot of them if you expect them to work at the weekend. 如果你希望他們在周末上班，你就要求的太多了。 Parents expect too much of children. 父母對孩子期望太高。 [注意]　warn sb. of sth.，remind sb. of sth.，inform sb. of sth.等不屬于上述情況。 Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．I would appreciate having (have) time to relax with you on this nice island.

27、 2．Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had tosetting (set) up some schools for poor children. 3．I would love to_have_gone_ (go) to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 4．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. —Well, now I regret having_d

28、one/doing (do) that. 5．We agreed to_meet (meet) here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. 6．Little Jim should love to_be_taken (take) to the theatre this evening. 7．I can hardly imagine Peter sailing (sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. 8．—What do you think of the book? —Oh, excellent

29、.It is worth reading (read) a second time. 9．She pretended not_to_see (not see) me when I passed by. 10．She didnt remember having_met/meeting (meet) him before. Ⅱ.完形填空 Hidden passengers traveling in ships, trains, or even cars can be a terrible trouble — especially when they are insects.As for t

30、his, there is a great__1__between human beings and insects.The former __2__ every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter quickly __3__ attention to themselves. We can only show mercy to the __4__ man who had to stop his car soon after __5__ from a country village to drive to Lo

31、ndon.Hearing a strange noise from the __6__ of the car, he naturally got out to __7__ the wheels carefully, but he found nothing wrong, so he __8__ his way.Again the noise began __9__ and became even louder.Quickly __10__ his head, the man saw what appeared to be a great __11__ cloud following the c

32、ar.When he stopped at a village further on, he was told that a queen bee must be hidden in his car as there were thousands of bees __12__. On learning this, the man drove away as quickly as possible.After an hours __13__ driving, he arrived safely in London, where he parked his car outside a __14__

33、 and went in.It was not long __15__ a customer who had seen him arrive __16__ in to inform him that his car was __17__ with bees. The poor driver was __18__ that the best way should be to call a __19__. In a short time the man arrived.He found the unwelcome passenger hidden near the wheels at the b

34、ack of the car.Very thankful to the driver for this __20__ gift, the beekeeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box. 1．A.connection　　　　　　　 　B．difference C．communication D．similarity 解析：選B　后文的語境告訴我們，這里應該選difference，因為人會盡力躲藏，以免被人發(fā)現(xiàn)，而昆蟲卻恰恰相反。 2．A.do B．take C．make

35、 D．try 解析：選C　make every possible effort是固定短語，意思是“盡一切努力”，相當于try ones best。 3．A.give B．keep C．pay D．draw 解析：選D　draw attention to sb.是一個常見的搭配，意思是“引起某人注意”。former意思是“前者”，latter意思是“后者”。 4．A.unfortunate B．careless C．unpleasant D．hopeless 解析：選A　后文語境交代了，這個人不走運，unfortunate意思是“不幸運”；careless意思是“粗

36、心的”；unpleasant“不舒適”；hopeless“無望的”。 5．A.passing by B．leaving out C．setting out D．getting up 解析：選C　pass by意思是“經(jīng)過”；get up意思是“起床，站起來”；leave out意思是“遺漏”，這三個在此句中均不合適。set out是“出發(fā)”的意思。 6．A.front B．back C．left D．right 解析：選B　后文的near the wheels at the back of the car作了提示，這里指靠近后車輪的部位，所以選B。 7．A.cle

37、an B．change C．test D．examine 解析：選D　examine意思是“仔細檢查”；test是“檢驗”的意思，其他兩個與題意不符合，在這里不合適。 8．A.drove B．continued C．pushed D．forced 解析：選B　在這里指他沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)差錯，所以就“繼續(xù)”他的旅行。 9．A.normally B．gently C．a(chǎn)ctually D．immediately 解析：選D　這里是說車一發(fā)動起來，聲音馬上就來了，強調(diào)動作之快。 10．A.hiding B．turning C．shaking D．raisi

38、ng 解析：選B　這里用turn表示回頭看。其他與題意不符。 11．A.black B．beautiful C．white D．colorful 解析：選A　他看到一片黑云追隨在車后，說明蜜蜂之多，大有鋪天蓋地之勢。 12．A.below B．a(chǎn)head C．nearby D．behind 解析：選C　根據(jù)上下文可以看出，這里指蜜蜂在附近飛行，而不是在下面、前頭、后面，這些說的位置都太具體了。 13．A.boring B．careful C．exciting D．hard 解析：選D　從上下文可以看出，到處都是蜜蜂，因為被蜜蜂追逐，所以感到很“艱難”

39、。 14．A.hotel B．museum C．hospital D．school 解析：選A　從上下文語境可以看出這里指來到一家旅館門前。 15．A.when B．a(chǎn)fter C．until D．before 解析：選D　句型It was not long before ...意思是“不久就……”，這里指剛到這里不久就有一個旅客告訴他他的車被蜜蜂圍了起來。 16．A.broke B．moved C．hurried D．dropped 解析：選C　hurried在這里表示急切的心情。 17．A.crowded B．covered C．fille

40、d D．equipped 解析：選B　crowed意思是“擁擠”；filled意思是“充滿”；equipped意思是“裝備”，這幾個詞與題意不符。這里指他的車被蜜蜂所覆蓋。be covered with意思是“被……所覆蓋”。 18．A.advised B．required C．ordered D．requested 解析：選A　advise“建議”；require“要求”；order“命令”；request“請求”。這里是有人建議他去找一個養(yǎng)蜂人來收拾。 19．A.beekeeper B．policeman C．waiter D．repairman 解析：選

41、A　此題應該結(jié)合常識來選擇，我們知道只有養(yǎng)蜂人能熟知蜜蜂的生活習性，能夠應付這種局面。 20．A.unfamiliar B．unknown C．unexpected D．uncertain 解析：選C　對養(yǎng)蜂人來說，不花錢就得到了一只大蜂王，這是一個沒有料想到的、意外的禮物。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 This is the most exciting kayaking expedition (皮劃艇探險) possible for beginner kayakers. You can expect to experience a whole range of different con

42、ditions and scenery. This expedition is a total of 8.27 km in distance and it actually enters the streams in the North of Ubin and exits in the South. Three and a half kilometers of pure mangroves (紅樹林), makes this the longest pure mangrove kayaking expedition in Singapore. The distance spent insid

43、e the mangrove gives you the maximum opportunity to witness wildlife within the mangrove ecosystem. Come to experience the challenge of operating your kayak through the labyrinth (迷宮) of waterways and be amazed at the calm and quiet beauty of the wetlands. This last corner of natural wilderness in

44、 Singapore is so inaccessible, that very, very few have ever experienced it — which makes this a truly special program. Most Recent Traveler Reviews Traveler A: Traveled from bottom to top of Singapore in rush hour traffic in order to get to Ubin for a 9：30 start — only to find no guide there. Alt

45、hough, once he arrived, the guide was lovely — offering a very knowledgeable tour and lots of enthusiasm around a beautiful part of the world — our 6hour kayaking trip was actually over before 2：30 pm, despite only hitting the water at 12：00. Traveler B: The guides were nice, however the biggest d

46、isappointment was the timing. We thought we were going for a 4hour kayak but were back in 2 hours and that included the prekayak safety talk. The mangroves are lovely but we were told that a storm was near. We felt that there had never been any intention of going out for longer. 語篇解讀：本文介紹了在新加坡，3.5千

47、米的紅樹林成為最長的純紅樹林皮劃艇探險之地。在導游的引領下，你會經(jīng)歷一系列的不同環(huán)境和風景。 1．What is special about the kayaking trip for travelers is that they ________. A．have a good relaxation by kayaking B．feel the challenge of kayaking C．enjoy the beauty of the wetlands D．experience the wonder of mangroves 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Come

48、to experience the challenge of operating your kayak through the labyrinth (迷宮) of waterways and be amazed at the calm and quiet beauty of the wetlands.”通過迷宮來體驗你操作kayak的挑戰(zhàn)并對水路的平靜的美感到驚奇。故選D。 2．Which of the following information is TRUE about the kayaking expedition? A．The time, distance and cost ar

49、e referred to. B．The kayaking trip starts at 9：30 am and ends at noon. C．The distance spent inside the mangrove is 3.5 kilometres. D．The mangrove wetlands of Ubin lie in the south of Singapore. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Three and a half kilometers of pure mangroves (紅樹林), makes this the longest pur

50、e mangrove kayaking expedition in Singapore.”在新加坡，3.5千米的紅樹林成為最長的純紅樹林皮劃艇探險之地。故選C。 3．Which is the common point referred to by the two travelers? A．The unpleasant weather. B．The shortened distance. C．The lovely wildlife. D．The guides service. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)Traveler A中“Although, once he arrived,

51、the guide was lovely — offering a very knowledgeable tour and lots of enthusiasm around a beautiful part of the world”向?qū)强蓯鄣?，根?jù)Traveler B中“The guides were nice”向?qū)遣诲e的，可知這兩個旅游者都提到了向?qū)У姆?。因此選D。 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．The safety of the kayaking travelers is not well guaranteed. B．The ecosystem of Ubin nature reserve is well protected. C．The timing of the kayaking trip is satisfactory on the whole. D．Travelers complaints may not be considered by the traveling company. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容尤其是“The distance spent inside the mangrove ...the mangrove ecosystem.”可推知B正確。