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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 Section_ⅢLearning_about_Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點(diǎn)擊 1．freezing (adj.)冰凍的；嚴(yán)寒的→freeze (v.)使凍結(jié)；冷凍→frozen (adj.)冷凍的→freezer (n.)冷凍箱 2．gratitude (n.)感激；感恩→grateful (adj.)感激的 3．punishment (n.)懲罰；懲處→punish(v.)懲罰；懲處 Ⅱ.常用句型必備 It_was_no_wonder_that Frank Wild, the kindest of men, describes him

2、self as “crying like a baby” when he saw Shackleton return at last with the rescue party. Ⅲ.單元語法聚焦 The Attribute (定語) 1．freezing (1)adj.凍結(jié)的；冰凍的；極冷的 Shut the window; I’m freezing! 關(guān)上窗戶，我冷極了！ It’s freezing outside! 外面冷極了！ (2)adv.冰凍一樣地 It’s freezing cold outside. 外面極為寒冷。 (3)n.結(jié)冰；冰結(jié) In su

3、mmer, large crops of fruit may be preserved by freezing or bottling. 夏天收獲的大量水果可冷藏或裝瓶裝罐加以保存。 (4)freeze v．酷寒；使凍結(jié)；凍僵；使毛骨悚然 Please freeze the fish and meat. 請把魚和肉冷凍起來。 It froze hard last night. 昨晚冷得厲害。 The story froze me with terror. 那故事把我嚇得毛骨悚然。 freezing, frozen (1)freezing表示天氣、態(tài)度等極冷的、冷淡的。

4、 (2)frozen表示食品的冷凍或人的冷淡無情，如a frozen heart冷酷的心，frozen fish冷凍魚，常用來修飾名詞。 [即境活用1]　　用freeze的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)What freezing weather it is. (2)The match girl was frozen dead at night. (3)The smile froze on her face at the bad news. 2．gratitude n．感激；感謝 out of gratitude　　　　　 出于感激；報恩地 with gratitude 感謝地；感激

5、地 He accepted her help with gratitude. 他心懷感激地接受了她的幫助。 Out of gratitude, he gave them a lovely bookcase. 出于感激，他送給他們一個精致的書櫥。 grateful adj.　　　　　　 感激的 be grateful to sb.for sth. 因某事而感激某人 I’m grateful to you for your kind offer. 對于您善意的幫助，我深表感激。 [即境活用2] 完成句子 (1)我感謝所有老師的幫助。 I am grateful_to a

6、ll the teachers for their help. (2)他感激地朝他們笑了笑。 He smiled at them with_gratitude. 3．punishment n．懲罰；懲處 He was sent to his room as a punishment. 他被罰回到他的房間。 The punishment is too much for such a child. 對這樣一個孩子來說處罰太重了。 punish vt.　　　　 　 懲罰；粗魯?shù)貙Υ?；大量消? punish sb.with/by sth. 通過某事懲罰某人 punish sb

7、.for sth. 因?yàn)槟呈聭土P某人 She was punished for telling a lie. 她因說謊而被處罰了。 [即境活用3]　　 用punish的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)The court should make the punishment fit the crime. (2)They have been punished by law. 　It_was_no_wonder_that Frank Wild, the kindest of men, describes himself as “crying like a baby” when he saw

8、 Shackleton return at last with the rescue party. 難怪弗蘭克懷爾德——最友善的船員描述自己到，當(dāng)他看到沙克爾頓最終帶著救援隊(duì)返回時，他當(dāng)時“哭得像個孩子”。 “(It is) no wonder (that) ...”這一結(jié)構(gòu)意為：難怪，并不奇怪，當(dāng)然…… My brother studies very hard. (It is) no wonder (that) he has passed the examination. 我弟弟學(xué)習(xí)非常努力，難怪他考試及格了。 No wonder he is not hungry; he has

9、been eating sweets all day. 難怪他不餓，他整天在吃糖果。 wonder n． 奇跡；驚訝的事v.想知道；使驚訝 wonder＋從句　 想知道…… wonder at/about (doing) sth. 對……感到驚訝 We all wondered at his rudeness. 我們都對他的粗魯感到驚訝。 [即境活用4]　　 翻譯句子 (1)難怪他總是考第一。 It’s_no_wonder_that_he_always_gets_the_first_in_the_exams. (2)我想知道他在做什么。 I_wonder_what_h

10、e_is_doing. 定　語 定語是用來說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的詞?？捎脕碜鞫ㄕZ的詞有形容詞、名詞或名詞所有格、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、詞組或合成詞、不定式(短語)、v.ing形式、過去分詞、介詞短語以及從句等。 1．形容詞作定語 (1)形容詞作定語時通常前置。 He is an honest and hardworking boy. 他是一個誠實(shí)、勤勉的男孩。 (2)下列情況形容詞作定語時要后置。 ①表語形容詞作定語時須后置，如alive，asleep，awake等。 people alive活著的人　the man awake醒著的那個人 ②present, prop

11、er, left作定語時后置。 all the people present所有在場的人 ③形容詞修飾不定代詞時須后置。 something necessary必要的東西 (3)多個形容詞的排序?yàn)椋? 限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老。 顏色國籍出材料，作用類別往后靠。 a big old stone bridge一座大而老的石橋 (4)復(fù)合形容詞作定語時，連字符連接的名詞必須是單數(shù)。 a twentymeterlong bridge一座20米長的橋 2．名詞作定語 (1)woman, man作定語時，當(dāng)所修飾詞為單數(shù)時，它們用單數(shù)；當(dāng)所修飾詞為復(fù)數(shù)時，它們用復(fù)數(shù)，但boy,

12、 girl一律用單數(shù)。 They are women pilots. 她們是女飛行員。 (2)名詞作定語時，一般用單數(shù)，但某些常用復(fù)數(shù)的詞，當(dāng)它們用作定語時，也須用復(fù)數(shù)。如：arms production武器生產(chǎn)；clothes shop服裝商店；sales department營業(yè)部。 3．代詞作定語 His proposal is worth considering. 他的建議值得考慮。 Whose book is this? 這是誰的書？ 4．?dāng)?shù)詞作定語 (1)數(shù)詞作定語通常前置。 I have 3 pencils. 我有3支鉛筆。 (2)基數(shù)詞作定語可以后置

13、。 the year 2008　2008年 Room 315　315房間 5．副詞作定語 副詞作定語通常后置。 She met me on her way home. 她在回家的路上碰到我。 the window above上面的窗戶 6．介詞短語作定語 介詞短語作定語一般要后置。 We’ll have a report on current affairs on Sunday morning. 我們周日上午要聽形勢報告。 7．不定式(短語)作定語 不定式作定語表示將來的動作，或者修飾其前有序數(shù)詞的名詞。不定式作定語要后置。 That’s the teaching

14、plan for you to discuss. 這就是供你討論的那份教學(xué)計(jì)劃。 Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese to walk in space. 翟志剛是第一個在太空行走的中國人。 There are many problems to deal with. 有許多問題要解決。 8．v.ing形式作定語 v．ing形式包括動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞兩種。 (1)v.ing形式作定語，一個單詞時要前置，短語作定語時要后置。 a rising sun一顆冉冉升起的太陽 the woman living in the next door住在隔壁的女人

15、 (2)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示主動或正在進(jìn)行的動作。 a crying child一個在哭泣的孩子 (3)動名詞作定語表示名詞的功能。 a walking stick拐杖 9．過去分詞(短語)作定語 過去分詞作定語表被動或已經(jīng)完成的動作。一個單詞時要前置，短語作定語時要后置。 fallen leaves落葉 the stolen car那輛被盜的汽車 boiled water開水 a robot designed by him 他設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人 10．從句作定語 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, that, as, which及關(guān)系副詞when, w

16、here, why。 During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where air is fresh and people are friendly. 在假期，我會住在鄉(xiāng)下，那里空氣新鮮，人們友好。 The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000. 無家可歸的人數(shù)達(dá)到25萬。 This is the girl whose father is a professor. 這就是那個女孩，她父親是個教授。 China is a d

17、eveloping country, as is known to all. 眾所周知，中國是個發(fā)展中國家。 That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 那就是他那么快就離開的原因。 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．The doctor did_all_he_could (竭盡所能) to save the wounded soldier. 2．Many students signed up for the 800metrelong (800米長) race in the sports meeting to be held next week

18、. 3．He hasn’t slept at all for three days.It_is_no_wonder/No_wonder_(that) (難怪) he is tired out. 4．—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? —The key to_solving (解決) the problem is to meet the demandmade (提出的) by the customers. 5．My wife has planted some beaut

19、iful_little_red_roses (漂亮的紅色小玫瑰) in our garden. 6．The actress had never experienced such a situation, where_she_was_surrounded_ and_questioned (她被圍住并被提問的地方) by many reporters. 7．There are 500 women_workers (女工人) in my shoe factory. 8．He accepted the money given by the government with_great_gr

20、atitude (非常感激地)． 9．He was_punished_for_cheating (由于作弊而受到懲罰) in the examination. 10．Close the window, please. It is freezing_cold (極為寒冷)． Ⅱ.完形填空 When I was eighteen, I couldn’t wait to get my first job, which meant I made the first step toward adulthood. But it was difficult to get a work perm

21、it. One day I was dropped off by my parents at the __1__， where applicants took their physical tests for work permits. Although I had night blindness, my vision was clearer during the day, which helped me walk __2__ by myself. Then the doctor began the __3__. He looked into my eyes with a bright lig

22、ht. “I suggest your parents take you to an eye specialist，” he said，“I __4__ you have a retinal (視網(wǎng)膜) disease. If you do, you’ll never __5__ a day in your life ... ” My parents did take me to specialists. After much time and money spent seeking an __6__ result, it was determined that I had an eye d

23、isease that slowly __7__ a person of sight. But still, during daylight, I could walk without __8__. I could read, but not for hours. My eyes began to __9__ and words slipped off the page when I read more than a few pages. However, no matter how tired my eyes became, I never gave up reading. I knew t

24、he __10__ of great writers as well as the most popular music stars. Their words were powerful, which __11__ me to try writing. Soon writing brought me a lot of __12__ each time I completed a paper. Then an important phone call from an editor changed my life. An article I __13__ appeared in a local

25、newspaper. The newspaper, to my __14__， continued to print my work. Next, a book series published several of my essays. I got interested in writing and __15__ up with each acceptance. On the pages, readers never knew of my blindness __16__ I chose to present it. For me, finding my voice through writ

26、ing gave me the pride and satisfaction I __17__ so many years ago. Now, I have numerous essays and articles in __18__. Should I be thanking that misguided doctor? By falsely predicting that I could never work a day, he fueled my __19__ into success. He set the bar too __20__ and focused on what I w

27、ouldn’t be able to do. Yet I proved what I could do. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者患有視網(wǎng)膜疾病，醫(yī)生說他因此可能無法工作了，但是他沒有放棄對文學(xué)的追求，看書寫作，出版了很多文學(xué)作品，最終取得了事業(yè)上的成功。 1．A.station　　　　　　　　 　B．company C．clinic D．lab 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中的“applicants took their physical tests”可知，此處指作者在醫(yī)院或診所進(jìn)行招工體檢。故選C，意為“診所”。 2．A.silently B．proudly C．sud

28、denly D．easily 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“my vision was clearer during the day”可知，此處指作者在白天走路很容易。故選D，意為“容易地”。 3．A.operation B．treatment C．examination D．a(chǎn)rgument 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文“He looked into my eyes with a bright light.”可知，此處指醫(yī)生開始給作者做檢查。故選C。 4．A.suspect B．a(chǎn)cknowledge C．confirm D．a(chǎn)dvocate 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文中的“

29、I suggest your parents take you to an eye specialist”可知，醫(yī)生懷疑作者患有視網(wǎng)膜疾病。故選A。 5．A.rest B．work C．live D．sleep 解析：選B　根據(jù)本文最后一段中的“By falsely predicting that I could never work a day”可知，此處指醫(yī)生認(rèn)為作者將來某一天將不能工作。故選B。 6．A.urgent B．obvious C．a(chǎn)ccurate D．ordinary 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“My parents did take me to s

30、pecialists. After much time and money spent”可知，父母要尋找一種精確的結(jié)果。故選C。 7．A.reminded B．robbed C．warned D．informed 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文中的“I had an eye disease”可知，眼疾會慢慢奪去作者的視力。rob sb. of sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“搶奪某人某物”，符合語境。 8．A.assistance B．medicine C．a(chǎn)llowance D．balance 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文中的“But still, during daylight, I

31、could walk”可知，此處指作者白天能夠走路，所以不需要幫助。 9．A.dance B．shine C．widen D．tear 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文“I could read, but not for hours.”及下文中的“words slipped off the page”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指作者長時間看書，眼睛會流淚。故選D。 10．A.houses B．habits C．names D．a(chǎn)ddresses 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“I never gave up reading”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指作者對著名的作家和流行音樂巨星的名字很熟悉。

32、故選C。 11．A.asked B．permitted C．forced D．encouraged 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“Their words were powerful”可知，此處指作者嘗試寫作是受到了著名作家和流行音樂巨星的鼓舞。故選D。 12．A.pleasure B．worry C．trouble D．stress 解析：選A　根據(jù)語境可知，作者熱愛寫作，所以每完成一次寫作都會給作者帶來無窮的樂趣。故選A，意為“快樂，樂趣”。 13．A.admitted B．penned C．wanted D．described 解析：選B　根據(jù)空格前的

33、“An article”及空格后的“appeared in a local newspaper”可知，此處指作者所寫的文章刊登在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覉蠹埳?。故選B，意為“寫”。 14．A.shame B．a(chǎn)dmiration C．delight D．disappointment 解析：選C　根據(jù)空格后的“continued to print my work”可知，此處指令作者開心的是，這家報紙繼續(xù)印刷了他的作品。to one’s delight為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“令某人開心的是”。 15．A.gave B．lit C．came D．put 解析：選B　句意：我對寫作很感興趣，文章

34、每次被接受我都很開心。light up意為“(使)變得喜悅”，符合語境。故選B。 16．A.although B．a(chǎn)fter C．since D．unless 解析：選D　句意：除非我愿意讓讀者知道，否則讀者永遠(yuǎn)不會知道我失明了。D項(xiàng)意為“除非，如果……不”，符合語境。故選D。 17．A.feared B．sought C．brought D．rejected 解析：選B　根據(jù)空格后的“so many years ago”可知，此處指作者的自豪和滿足感是經(jīng)過多年努力尋找而獲得的。 18．A.mind B．use C．time D．print 解析：選D

35、　根據(jù)空格前的“essays and articles”可知，此處指作者有大量的作品和文章被出版。in print為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“出版，發(fā)行”，符合語境。故選D。 19．A.imagination B．personality C．motivation D．responsibility 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文可知，醫(yī)生預(yù)測作者因眼疾不能工作，可是作者卻把這個作為他走向成功的動力。故選C。 20．A.low B．far C．long D．close 解析：選A　根據(jù)空格前的“bar”意為“障礙物”及空格后的“focused on what I wouldn’t be a

36、ble to do”可知，本句意為：醫(yī)生給作者設(shè)置的障礙物太低。故選A，意為“低的”。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to visit a friend. While I was st

37、anding in line at the cash register (收款機(jī)), I said hello to an old couple who were also paying for gas. I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke began pouring from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken

38、 to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend’s. We chatted on the way in to the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card. I wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping me. Soon afterwards, I received a Christmas present from them. Their

39、note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful. Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In the late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly For

40、d dealership — a shop selling cars — was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom. “Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment. When I got home, I wrote

41、 them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said. “Thank you” — two powerful words. They’re easy to say and mean so much. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述兩個自己在遇到困難時得到他人無私幫助的故事，說明了在接受幫助時

42、表達(dá)感謝的重要性。 1．Why did the writer get into the old couple’s car? A．Because his parents were in the car. B．Because his car had broken down. C．Because his friend told him to do so. D．Because his car’s oil had run out. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“black smoke began pouring from the back of my car”可知，作者的車出

43、故障了，所以他才坐老夫婦的車。 2．From the text, we know that the old couple were ________. A．talkative　　　　　　　 　B．brave C．kind D．lonely 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，這對老夫婦讓作者搭他們的車去見朋友，作者下車后，這個丈夫還給了他一張名片，在作者寄去感謝信后，這對老夫婦給作者寄了一個圣誕禮物，由此可知，這對夫婦很善良。故答案選C。 3．What did the old couple think of helping the writer? A．They coul

44、d get a reward. B．It made their holidays worthy. C．They did it by chance. D．It was due to a thankyou letter. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.”可知，這對老夫婦認(rèn)為，幫助作者讓他們的假期很有意義，這一切都是值得的。故答案選B。 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．An Experience to Missouri B．An Old Couple C．A Meaningful Holiday D．A Meaningful Thankyou 解析：選D　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文作者主要講述了兩個自己受到幫助的故事。每一次受到幫助后，作者都會通過寫便條來表達(dá)自己對他們的感謝。“感謝”二字雖然說起來容易，但是意義重大。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“一個有意義的感謝”概括出了文章的主旨，最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故答案選D。