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1、Noun clause1.主語從句：主語從句： 作主語的句子是主語從句。主語從句可以位于句首，作主語的句子是主語從句。主語從句可以位于句首，但多數(shù)情況下，主語從句都用作形式主語的但多數(shù)情況下，主語從句都用作形式主語的it代替，而把代替，而把主語從句置于句尾。如：主語從句置于句尾。如：What you did yesterday hurt your friend.It is clear that he has reached his goal.2.賓語從句賓語從句 作賓語的句子是賓語從句。常作動詞、介詞或作賓語的句子是賓語從句。常作動詞、介詞或afraid, glad, certain, sur

2、e等形容詞的賓語。若有補足語，則賓等形容詞的賓語。若有補足語，則賓語從句要放到補足語之后，在賓語補足語前用形式賓語語從句要放到補足語之后，在賓語補足語前用形式賓語it.如：如：I hope (that) you can find a better job.Im interested in what the newly-elected president said.He has made it clear that he wont agree to the plan.3.同位語從句同位語從句 作同位語的句子是同位語從句。同位語從句說明名詞作同位語的句子是同位語從句。同位語從句說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，

3、能跟同位語從句的名詞常見的有的具體內(nèi)容，能跟同位語從句的名詞常見的有belief, doubt, evidence, fact, hope, idea, news, question, order, promise, reply, rumour, problem, reason, suggestion, thought等。如：等。如： Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.4.表語從句表語從句 作表語的句子是表語從句。它常位于句中連系動詞之作表語的句子是表語從句。它常位于句中

4、連系動詞之后。如：后。如：The question was who could be sent to that company.Studying the rule Read the following sentences, paying special attention to the colored parts.1) Scientists do not know how the honey guide digests the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it.2) They believe that if they

5、 do not open a bees nest and leave some honeycomb for the guide, it will lead them to a snake or a leopard in revenge.3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical at school is worth considering.Make a sentence with these words and get to know subject, object, predictive and appos

6、itive.Beibei,a beautiful cityandisis famous forJinYun mountainthe sightsBeibei is a beautiful city and is famous (主語主語) （表語）（表語）for the sights, JinYun mountain. （賓語）（賓語） （同位語）（同位語）Read the three sentences again, and identify the function of the clauses.1) Scientists do not know how the honey guide d

7、igests the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. (賓語)2) They believe that if they do not open a bees nest and leave some honeycomb for the guide, it will lead them to a snake or a leopard in revenge.（賓語）3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical at school is

8、worth considering. （ 同位語） Finding the rule Observe the example sentences and compare the differences between the two sentences. Subject: Her strange behavior is still unknown. Subject clause: Why she did this is still unknown. Object: The researchers interviewed many kids to find out their needs.Obj

9、ect clause: The researchers interviewed many kids to find out what they need.Predictive: This is my reason.Predictive clause: This is why I choose to teach poor children in the small village.Appositive: His only defect, laziness, made it difficult for him to pass the exam.Appositive clause: The fact

10、 that he was lazy made it difficult for him to pass the exam. What kind of clauses are they?1.Please dont tell my mother when I will give her my gift. 2.What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry. 3.There is no doubt that it will rain tomorrow. 4.The problem is that its difficult

11、to catch your words. （賓語從句）（賓語從句）（主語從句）（主語從句）（同位語從句）（同位語從句）（表語從句）（表語從句）Discuss with desk mates and summary the rules of noun clause, then fill in the blanks. TIPS: A noun clause is a group of words that functions as a _ in a sentence, which begins with a subordinating conjunction, conjunctive _ or c

12、onjunctive _, such as that, whether, who, what, which, when, where, how and why. The noun clause has _ categories, that is, _ clause, _ clause, _ clause and _ clause.nounpronounadverbfoursubjectobjectpredictiveappositiveApplying the rule Read the following letters sent to a literary magazine. Underl

13、ine each noun clause and colour the word that introduces the clause.Dear Editor, I am extremely disappointed that you included an article about genre fiction in your magazine last month. That this inclusion is highly inappropriate is obvious to any serious readers. A literary magazine is supposed to

14、 be about literature-that is, written works of art. Literature is fiction that is original and makes readers see the world in a new way. It is obvious that genre fiction is the opposite of literature. Genre fiction just follows formulas: for example, boy and girl fall in love and get married. Author

15、s of genre fiction are like cooks who just follow recipes instead of inventing new dishes. It is not surprising that some of these authors turn out a hundred books I wouldnt be surprised if they wrote those things in their sleep. Reading genre fiction is like watching TV. To summarize, my position i

16、s that you should stick to literature from now on. Professor Harold BertDear editor, As a writer of genre fiction, I feel I must respond to Professor Bert. I was asked about whether I would try writing literature. My reply was that genre fiction is literature! First, I wonder whether the professor w

17、ants to ignore the fact that 90 percent of all new fiction published is genre fiction, which surveys tell us.Second, I wonder why the professor thinks all great works are fully original. Doesnt he realize that even Shakespeare got most of his stories from other sources? Finally, I dont understand wh

18、y the professor thinks watching TV is so bad. Perhaps he is a snob. It seems important that genre fiction can bring pleasure. Roslyn Martyn-Jones Fill in each blank with a noun clause based on the given information.1. Taiwan belongs to China.The fact _ is known to all over the world.2. What will our

19、 life be like in twenty years? The discussion topic for the conference is _.3. Man can land on the moon.It is no longer a question now _.that Taiwan belongs to Chinawhat our life will be like in twenty yearsThat man can land on the moon4. Children are so attracted to computer games.Many parents do n

20、ot understand _. 5. How can we develop economy without destroying environment?_ is still a problem.6. Where should they blind another amusement park?The local government hasnt decided _. why children are so attracted to computer gamesHow we can develop economy without destroying environmentWhere the

21、y should build another amusement parkTry to make another sentence in each column by following the given example.Subject clause Whether we will visit Xian this summer has not been decided yet.Your sentence:_Object clause Research shows that a babys early experiences influence his brain development. Y

22、our sentence:_Predictive clause The discussion for today is what schools will be like in the future. Your sentence:_Appositive clause We expressed the hope that we would come to Canada again.Your sentence:_Who will stay makes no difference.He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan.Th

23、ats because he didnt understand me. The teacher made a suggestion that we should study harder and harder. 1. _man must fear when traveling in space is radiation form the sun. A. Which B. How C. What D. That2. I have not found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure _ I could have done with. A. whether B

24、. where C. what D. when3. - Do you know_? - Yes, he works in a hospital. A. where does Tom work B. where Tom works C. what does Tom do D. what Tom does 4. - Are you firmly against any independence move by Taiwan? - Of course. That is _ our basic interest lies. A. why B. when C. where D. what5. _make

25、s the school famous is _ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.A.What; what B. That; because C. That; what D. What; that6. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A. what B. that C. which D. why7. The way he did it was different _ we were

26、 used to.A.in which B. in what C. from what D. from which 8. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.A. what B. that C. how D. which9. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 10. Th

27、e old ladys hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor _ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job. A. when; how B. how; when C. how; how D. why; why Making notes - arrange notes and find out something that you cant understand. Homework - write an article to describe your best friend. (Requirements: (1) use at least 5 noun clauses; (2) about 80 words)