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1、人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 8 How do you make a bananamilk shake?單元語(yǔ)法講解和練習(xí)Grammar語(yǔ)法講解1. 祈使句以下句子均為祈使句。1. Go and wash your hands.（命令）2. Be quiet （please）.（請(qǐng)求）3. （Please） Be kind to your sister.（勸告）4. Take a taxi, or youll miss your class.（建議）5. Look out! Danger!（警告）6. Keep off the grass.（禁止）表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、建議、警告、禁止等的句子

2、叫祈使句。1. 祈使句:基本結(jié)構(gòu)（1）行為動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭由“動(dòng)詞原形+其他部分”構(gòu)成，動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 Make a sentence with the word peace”. Have a great time.（2）動(dòng)詞Be開(kāi)頭由”Be+其他部分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)等廣構(gòu)成。Be careful when crossing the street.（3）Let開(kāi)頭由“Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他部分”(動(dòng)作執(zhí)行不包含聽(tīng)話者)或Lets+動(dòng)詞原形+其他部分”(動(dòng)作執(zhí)行包含聽(tīng)話者在內(nèi))構(gòu)成。 Let him go back now.Let us try again.(不含聽(tīng)話者)讓我們

3、再試一下吧。 Lets try again.咱們?cè)僭囈幌掳?。祈使?否定形式(1) 行為動(dòng)詞和be開(kāi)頭的祈使句的否定形式為在句首加Never或Dont Never/Don!t say that again! Never/Don be careless. o(2) Let開(kāi)頭的祈使句 Dont let me go with her tomorrow.= Let me not go with her tomorrow.可在Let前加Dont,也可在Let后賓格的名詞或代詞后面加note如果以Lets開(kāi)頭的祈使句，必須在Lets后加not。Lets not tell her the truth wh

4、enever we meet her.(3) no開(kāi)頭祈使句表否定 No Photos!禁止拍照！ No Entry!禁止入內(nèi)！ No Passing!禁止通行！No Smoking!禁止吸煙！常用于在公共場(chǎng)合的提示語(yǔ)中，結(jié)構(gòu)為“No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞，Grammar語(yǔ)法練習(xí)I .單項(xiàng)選擇1. up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. Getting B.Get C.To get D.Got2. in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not playB. Not to playC.Donft playD.Dont

5、to play3.Pleaseme some money, will you?A.lendB.lendingC. to lend D. be lend4. The film is about to begin. Please seated.A.beB.areC.isD.being5. the boxes. You may use them later.A.Keep B.KeepingC.To keep D.Kept6. Her doctor said:work so hard.”A.Stop B.DontC.CantD.No7. Cindy,to be here at 8 oclock.A.i

6、s sureB.is sure thatD. be sureC.will be sure8. when you cross the road.A.Do careB.CareC.Do be carefulD. To be careful9. in bed. Its bad for your eyes.B .Dont readD. Not readA. Not to readC.Dont to read10. your child. Well look after him.A.Not to worry aboutB. Dont worry aboutC.Not worry forD. Dont w

7、orry with2 .可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞注意事項(xiàng)1. 可數(shù)名詞是可以用來(lái)計(jì)數(shù)的名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:desk-desks, apple-apples 等。不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來(lái)計(jì)數(shù)的名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:some bread, a little milk, a bowl of rice 等。2. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，前面要用不定冠詞a(an),表示特指時(shí)，前面要用定冠詞theo He is a factory worker. The book on the desk is mine.不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a(an)修飾，表示特指時(shí)，前面一定要用定冠詞the。 No one c

8、an see air.3. 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of等來(lái)修飾，表示“一些，許多”。 There are some oranges on the desk. There is a lot of water in the bottle.4 .可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來(lái)表示具體的數(shù)量。如:two apples, four books 等。不可數(shù)名詞前通常用“單位詞+。住來(lái)表示數(shù)量。如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper 等。5. 不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,但是不可數(shù)名詞前有復(fù)數(shù)“

9、單位詞”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The water in the river is clear. There are two cups of tea on the table.6. 對(duì)可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn)用how many;對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn)用how much注意:對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞前的”單位詞”的修飾語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)詞用howmanyo How many apples are there in the box? How much tea is there in the cup? How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?Gramma

10、r語(yǔ)法練習(xí)II. 用所給名詞適當(dāng)形式填空1. How many(sheep)are there on the hill?2. There is some(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two(tooth)now.4. There is a lot of(water) in the bottle.5. There are five(people) in his family.6. Lets take(photo),OK?7.1 have lots of(tomato) here.8. The(leaf) on the tree turn yel

11、low.9. The(child) are playing games on the playground now.10. Their(dictionary) look new.11.1 see you have a few white(hair).12. They are(woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of(orange), please?14. There are many(fox) in the picture.15.1 would like some apple(juice).I am very thirsty.參考答案：I. 單項(xiàng)選擇1-5 BCAAA 6-10BDBBBII. 用所給名詞適當(dāng)形式填空1. sheep2.food 3. teeth4. water5.people6.photos7. tomatoes8.leaves9.childrenlO.dictionaries11.hairs12. women13.orange14.foxes15.juice