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1、第 4 講 完形填空完形填空是考查考生的閱讀理解和語言運用能力的一種綜合題型。它考查的知識面廣，覆蓋面大，綜合性強，靈活性高。它題材廣泛，包括社會生活、科學(xué)常識、風(fēng)土人情、人文環(huán)境、傳記故事等多個方面。完形填空主要有以下特點：1信息詞匯(或通常所說的“實詞”名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞等)比重大，考查單詞在一定語境下的基本用法、習(xí)慣用法、常用搭配以及對其詞義的記憶或其特定意義的理解和靈活運用。同時也有考查連詞的題目，主要考查考生對于行文邏輯的掌握及句子之間關(guān)聯(lián)性的理解。2文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，充分考查考生的語言運用能力和理解能力，以及上下文段落的銜接、邏輯思維與判斷推理能力。3以單詞、短語填空為

2、主，通過詞義辨析考查考生靈活運用語言知識的能力。其中，結(jié)合文章考查對詞語用法的掌握主要涉及兩個方面：詞義辨析和慣用搭配，而詞義辨析通常要放到一定的語境之中才有意義。4對知識和能力進(jìn)行綜合運用的考查。1通讀全文，領(lǐng)會大意通讀全文，領(lǐng)會大意完形填空所給的是一篇意思完整的短文，因此在做題之前，必須先瀏覽全文，了解文章大意，抓住重點，特別要留意文章首句和每段首句。切忌在沒有把握文章大意之前就匆忙填寫一遍或?qū)崭褚灰贿x填。2緊扣內(nèi)容，分析對比備選答案緊扣內(nèi)容，分析對比備選答案完形填空以短文的主題句為立足點，考生可從該句的時態(tài)、語氣來推測全文的主要內(nèi)容，從自己學(xué)過的詞匯、習(xí)慣用語、固定搭配等方面入手。這里

3、的詞匯考查的是詞義與詞形的辨析，主要是指同義詞、反義詞、形近詞的關(guān)系。這里的固定搭配是指詞與詞之間的搭配，主要指動詞和介詞、動詞和副詞、形容詞和介詞等的搭配。考生可根據(jù)這些方面的內(nèi)容來分析對比備選答案。3瞻前顧后，全文貫通瞻前顧后，全文貫通一般來說，所選答案只有和上下文與結(jié)構(gòu)都吻合的時候，才是正確答案。因此，考生必須注意上下文的參照，連貫思考。如果答案一時確定不下來，切記不要耽誤太久，可暫放一邊，待其他答案選好之后，再回過頭來仔細(xì)推敲。對于那些拿不定主意或未能選答的空白，不要僅局限在與上下文的對照上，要把視野擴(kuò)大到全文。有時一旦和整篇短文聯(lián)系起來，就可豁然開朗，很容易選出正確答案。4復(fù)查核對，

4、決定取舍復(fù)查核對，決定取舍全部題目做完之后，要仔細(xì)檢查核對。其方法是：將所選答案填到空白處，重讀全文，把它作為一篇完整的閱讀文章來通讀，凡讀起來別扭或答案無確切把握的地方分別記下來，然后將每個空白處與其相對應(yīng)的四個答案逐一對照，務(wù)求一一過關(guān)，避免遺漏。另外，在平時的練習(xí)中，對每一篇完形填空考生均可重復(fù)做上幾遍，通過反復(fù)的練習(xí)，不但可以牢固地掌握所學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識，而且能夠提高完形填空的應(yīng)試能力。(一)2011 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試One day a poor man was traveling on horseback.At noon, hetied his horse to a tree a

5、nd then46to eat something.A fewminutes later, a rich man came along and tied his horse to the sametree.“Please tie your horse to another tree, ” said the poorman.“My horse is wild.It will kill yours.”47the rich man said, “I shall tie my horse as I like!” Hetied up his horse and had his lunch nearby.

6、After a moment theyheard a terrible48 , the two horses were fighting.They went upto them, but it was too49 .The rich mans horse was killed.“Seewhat your horse has done!” cried the rich man.“You will have to50it.” And he brought the poor man before Mr.Know.Mr.Know asked the poor man some questions.Bu

7、t he made no51 .At last Mr.Know said, “This man is dumb.He cannot speak.”“Oh,” the rich man shouted52 .“He can! He spoke to mewhen I met him.”“Are you sure？” asked Mr.Know.“What did he 53 ?”“He told me not to tie my horse to the same tree because hishorse was wild and would kill my horse.”“Oh ,” sai

8、d Mr.Know. “So he54you.Then can youexpect to get money55him？”The rich man said nothing and left silently.( )46.A.put down C.sat downB.set downD.turned down( )47.A.So( )48.A.song( )49.A.lateB.ButB.wordB.slowC.AndC.bellC.hardD.ThoughD.noiseD.quickCBDA( )50.A.pay for C.wait for( )51.A.idea C.money( )52

9、.A.quietly C.happilyB.look forD.care forB.mistakeD.answerB.angrilyD.heavilyB.tellD.say( )53.A.speak( )54.A.helped C.warned( )55.A.for C.withC.talkB.thankedD.orderedB.from D.aboutADBDCB(二)2010 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試One day a rich woman lost her purse with a lot of money init.So she made a46 , “If anybody find

10、s my purse and47itto me, Ill give half the money to him.”A poor man48the purse near a shop.He sent it back to thewoman, but the rich woman49 .“There was an expensive ring inmy purse besides money,” said the woman, “I wont give you halfthe money in my purse until you return it to me.” “But Ive nevers

11、een an expensive ring in50purse,” said the man.They began to quarrel (爭吵).The man became 51andtook her to a judge ( 法 官 ) . 52the judge heard what hadhappened to them, he said to the woman, “Im sure that you havelost a purse, and there is an expensive ring in it.But there is 53asomelot of money in t

12、his purse.So I dont think its yours. 54time.Maybe somebody will give your purse back.”Then the judge55to the man and said, “Take the pursehome.If the owner doesnt come to get it back in two days, it willbe yours.”( )46.A.face C.promise B.mistakeD.conversationC( )47.A.gets( )48.A.hadB.showsB.knewC.po

13、intsC.heard D.returnsD.found( )49.A.kept her wordC.tried her bestB.changed her mind D.pulled her down( )50.A.your( )51.A.sad( )52.A.Before( )53.A.only B.her B.angryB.ThoughB.truly C.his C.excited C.After C.nearly D.myD.worriedD.IfD.really( )54.A.Wait forC.Look afterB.Listen toD.Talk about( )55.A.ran

14、B.cameC.wentD.turnedDDBABCAAD(三)2009 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試Sunday was going to be the birthday for me and my other two46month, we decided toclassmates.As we were born in thehave a big party toOn that evening, we invited all of our classmates.We prepareda lot of food and drinks.After singing the birthday song

15、, we48the delicious cake together.We sang more songs and playedgames.Then someone told funny stories, and49laughed.Threehours flew by quickly.Because we had to50before 11:00, weended our party at 10:00.Before we left, our classmates gave5147 it.of us a birthday card with their best wishes. 52we took

16、 somepictures together.What a great time we had! At that moment, I feltlove, happiness and friendship.Before the party, only my53could remember my birthday,and I had never had such a big party and so many friends wishes.5455I wanted to say to my classmates, “Thank you, and I willforget this evening,

17、 especially each of you！”( )46.A.different C.same( )47.A.cost C.laughB.best D.some B.celebrateD.loveCB( )48.A.sent C.prepared( )49.A.everyone C.anyone( )50.A.go to the party C.go to schoolB.rememberedD.sharedB.someoneD.no oneB.go to bedD.go to workB.someB.FirstlyD.mostD.Anyway( )51.A.both( )52.A.Finally( )53.A.teachers C.parentsC.eachC.HoweverB.classmatesD.friends( )54.A.Since( )55.A.alreadyB.SoB.yetC.ThoughC.everD.After D.neverDABCACBD