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1、情情態(tài)態(tài)動動詞詞有情有情有義有義你叫什么名字？你叫什么名字？你電話多少？你電話多少？情態(tài)動詞的本質(zhì)情態(tài)動詞的本質(zhì)=-=-表示情感或者態(tài)度的表示情感或者態(tài)度的助助動詞動詞couldcanwouldmaywillshouldought tomustshallmight一.分類一心兩用一心兩用needdare拖兒帶女拖兒帶女will (would)can (could) shall(should)may (might) 獨門獨戶mustought to*兩個基本點 肯定及否定形式 提問及回答背景知識第一組will (would)can (could) shall(should)may (might)

2、 第二組mustought to 第三組needdare第一組will (would)can (could) shall(should)may (might) 第二組mustought to第三組needdare半助動詞半助動詞正常提問與回答正常提問與回答半情態(tài)V：Do/Does/DidDo/Does/Did（+not /n t+not /n t） + +主語主語+need/dare+need/dare+其他其他? ? Yes, Yes,主語主語+do/does/did. +do/does/did. No, No,主語主語+don+dont/doesnt/didnt.t/doesnt/didn

3、t.句子=主+ 謂+其他 情V(nt)提問：情提問：情V(ntV(nt)+)+句子句子？回答：回答： Yes,Yes,主語主語 + +情情v.v. No, No,主語主語 + +情情 v n v nt twill will (would)(would)can can (could) (could) shall(shshall(should)ould)may may (might(might) )mustmustought(noought(not) tot) toneedneeddaredare情態(tài)V一一) )、非推測性用法、非推測性用法- -考察詞義辨析考察詞義辨析1.1.詞義及用法詞義及用法

4、; ; 2.2.同義區(qū)分同義區(qū)分; ;二二) )、推測性用法、推測性用法- -考察可能性的強弱考察可能性的強弱 1. 1.類型類型 2. 2.比較強弱比較強弱二二.用法用法拖兒帶女型拖兒帶女型will (would)will (would)將；愿意；邀請（用于疑問）將；愿意；邀請（用于疑問）can (could)can (could)能，能，可以可以ShallShall將會將會; ;必須必須; ;應(yīng)該應(yīng)該( (用于第一人稱，征求意用于第一人稱，征求意見見) )(should)(should)將會將會; ;必須必須; ;應(yīng)該應(yīng)該; ; ( (間接引語，征求意間接引語，征求意見見) )，竟然竟然m

5、ay may 可以可以; ;祝愿祝愿 (might)(might)可以可以1. 詞詞義及用義及用法：法：獨門獨戶型獨門獨戶型mustmust必須必須ought to ought to 本該本該一心兩用型一心兩用型deeddeed需要需要daredare敢敢區(qū)分區(qū)分1 1基本用法：基本用法：couldcould，wouldwould，mightmight，shouldshould是四個獨是四個獨立的情態(tài)動詞，立的情態(tài)動詞，只有在直接引語變成間接引語時作為只有在直接引語變成間接引語時作為willwill，can , can , shall, mayshall, may的過去時代用一下的過去時代用一

6、下Shall we begin now?He asked if we should begin now?2.2.同義區(qū)分同義區(qū)分區(qū)分區(qū)分2 2 ：社交口語中，同義情況下，社交口語中，同義情況下，would, could , should, mightwould, could , should, might比原型更委婉、禮貌。比原型更委婉、禮貌。你今晚來嗎？你能幫我嗎？ 你或許能幫我個忙吧?Would you come tonight？Could you help me?You might do me a favor? 一一般上指般上指“自己允許別人做某事自己允許別人做某事”（maymay較正式

7、）較正式）cancan maymay 同義，語氣較委婉同義，語氣較委婉couldcouldMightMight區(qū)分區(qū)分3請求許可請求許可-Can/May/ Could/Might -Can/May/ Could/Might I use I use your dictionaryyour dictionary? ? -Yes, you Yes, you cancan. . ( (No, I am afraid not/Yes, please./ Thanks)No, I am afraid not/Yes, please./ Thanks)May 引導(dǎo)問句，肯定回答，Yes, of course

8、./ Yes, certainly./Sure 否定回答：No, you mustnt（不準(zhǔn)）. No, you neednt. No, you cant.Must 引導(dǎo)問句，（must與have to 意思大致相同）肯定回答:must 否定回答：Neednt/ Dont have to. 區(qū)分區(qū)分44建議請求建議請求 you open the window please? I you open the window please? I feel a bit hot here. feel a bit hot here. you like you like to see the film? to

9、 see the film? we see the film together? we see the film together? I sing a song for you ?I sing a song for you ?Will Will WoulWould dShaShallllCan/MayCan/May- Shall we talk?- Shall we talk? - - Shall he come to see you ? Shall he come to see you ? No, you_ .No, you_ . 否定回答否定回答May May - cant, mustnt

10、- cant, mustntShallShall, must- neednt, , must- neednt, dont have dont have toto（沒必要）（沒必要）neednt注意添加否定詞的含義注意添加否定詞的含義補充（1 1）would likewould like意為意為“想要，愿意想要，愿意”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于wantwant，但比，但比wantwant語氣委婉。語氣委婉。 would like would like sthsth. . 想要某物想要某物 I would like some tea. I would like some tea. would like (w

11、ould like (sbsb) to do ) to do sthsth. . 想要干某想要干某事事 I would like to go with you. I would like to go with you. (2) Would you like to do (2) Would you like to do sthsth? “? “你愿意干你愿意干某事嗎？某事嗎？” Yes, Id like/love to; Yes, Id like/love to; Sorry, I am afraid not.Sorry, I am afraid not.再說明原因。再說明原因。牢記搭配寧愿做寧

12、愿做would rather dowould rather dowould prefer to do.would prefer to do.最好做最好做 had better do.had better do.實義V情態(tài)v必殺：接必殺：接to do動刀（主語為復(fù)數(shù)除外）和接動刀（主語為復(fù)數(shù)除外）和接do不動刀不動刀 neednt /darent / needs/dares /needed/dared to do does/dont /didnt need/dare /needs/dares /needed/dared do二）、二）、推測性用法推測性用法第一組第一組will (would)wi

13、ll (would)can can (could(could) ) shall(should)shall(should)may may (might)(might) 第二組第二組mustmustought toought to第三組第三組needneeddaredare注意：注意：Should/shouldnt Should/shouldnt 不用于推測不用于推測二）、二）、推測性用法推測性用法（否定（否定+not+not）can becan beCould beCould beMay do/May do/bebeMight do/Might do/bebeMust beMust becan

14、have donecan have doneCould have doneCould have doneMay have doneMay have done/been /been Might have done/Might have done/beenbeenMust have doneMust have done對現(xiàn)在推測對過去推測推測推測過去某動作發(fā)生的可能過去某動作發(fā)生的可能性性，Must be Must be 肯定推測最強肯定推測最強can be can be 其次其次maymay次次之之couldcould更次之，更次之，mightmight最小最小推測性大小比較推測性大小比較( (

15、注意：注意：musntmusnt= =“不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn)”不用于推測不用于推測) )cant be cant be 否定推測最強否定推測最強，12Is Mr. Smith in his office now? No, he _ there. I _him in the library a minute ago. （10深圳）深圳）A.may be, saw B. cant be, seeC. mustnt be, see D. cant be, saw13.Lets go to the zoo by taxi, _? Maybe we can go there _. Its not far. （10深

16、圳）深圳）A. wont you, on footB. wont you, by foot C. shall we, by footD. shall we, on foot7.-_late for school again,Tim!-Sorry, I promise that I_.（09深圳）深圳）ADont，wont B.Dont be,wont C. Dont he,dont DDont, will25. -You _ sleep in class. -Sorry, Miss Wang. I_.（07深圳）深圳）A. mustnt, mustnt B. cant; neednt C. m

17、ustnt wont D. shouldnt, may not 30. May I take this magazine out of the reading room? Please read it here. （05深圳）深圳）A. Certainly B. No, you needntC. No. you cant D. No, you may not9.-Dadwhy should I stop _computer games?-For your health, my boy , Im afraid you_.（09深圳）深圳）Ato play ; must B. playing; h

18、ave to Cto play ; can D. playing ; may 25-Can I go fishing witll youDad? -No，you_You_stay at home and do your homework first （08深圳）深圳） Awont，may Bcant，must Cshouldnt，ought Dneednt，shouldYou_ be tired after playing sports for a You_ be tired after playing sports for a long time without a rest.long time without a rest. （1010四川）四川） A. must B. need C. cant A. must B. need C. cant D. dearD. dearItsIts nearly seven nearly seven oclockoclock .Jack _ be back .Jack _ be back home at this moment. (09home at this moment. (09福建福建) ) A. must B. need C. could A. must B. need C. could D. can D. can