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1、Unit 1Great scientists 以下為某心理專家對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)青少年網(wǎng)癮(Net addiction)的調(diào)查研究結(jié)果，請(qǐng)根據(jù)他的研究寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)小短文，以便向?qū)W校的英語(yǔ)小報(bào)投稿。 【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】 網(wǎng)癮定義：每天上網(wǎng)4個(gè)小時(shí)以上。 網(wǎng)癮狀況：中國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶2億，其中有1140萬(wàn)人過(guò)于依賴網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 網(wǎng)癮危害：嚴(yán)重影響青少年的健康和學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)社會(huì)也造成不良影響。 專家建議：應(yīng)阻止青少年上網(wǎng)成癮；政府應(yīng)采取措施禁止18歲以下的青少年進(jìn)入網(wǎng)吧；父母、朋友及老師用愛(ài)心和耐心去幫助青少年。 【寫(xiě)作要求【寫(xiě)作要求】 只能使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容。 When young people spend over

2、 four hours a day on the Net, then theyre suffering from “Net addiction”. At present, about 11.4 million among 200 million Net users in China are depending too much on the Internet. That situation is doing great harm to teenagers health and studies and it is also affecting the society seriously. The

3、refore, it is time for us to take actions to stop Net addiction. To solve this problem, the government should take measures to stop the teenagers under 18 from going to the Internet cafes and parents, friends and teachers should help those young people with love and patience.1. n. 特征；特性2. v. 結(jié)束；推斷出3

4、. vt. 分析4. vt. 打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 n. 失敗5. vt. 照顧；出席；護(hù)理；參加6. vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光7. n. 治愈 vt. 治療；治愈_ _ _ _ _ _ _ characteristic conclude analyse defeat attend expose cure8. n. 挑戰(zhàn) vt. 向挑戰(zhàn)9. vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心10. vt. 懷疑 n. 嫌疑犯11. vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé) n. 過(guò)失；責(zé)備12. vt. 污染；弄臟13. n. 把手；柄 vt. 處理；操縱14. vt. & n. 連接；聯(lián)系_ _ _ _ _ _ _ challenge

5、absorb suspect blame pollute handle link15. vt. 宣布；通告16. vt. 命令；指示；教導(dǎo)17. v. 貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)；捐助18. adj. 積極的；肯定的；確實(shí)的19. v. (使)旋轉(zhuǎn)；紡(線或紗20. vt. 拒絕；不接受；拋棄_ _ _ _ _ _ announce instruct contribute positive spin reject1. 提出2. 得出結(jié)論3. 暴露；使顯露4. 吸收5. 應(yīng)受譴責(zé)6. 支持/反對(duì)7. 此外；除之外_ _ _ _ _ _ _ put forward draw a conclusion expose

6、to absorbinto be to blame be for / against apart from8. 將和 聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)9. 對(duì)嚴(yán)格的10. 有意義；講得通11. 有時(shí)_ linkto (be) strict with make sense at times 1.But he became _ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people _ (expose) to cholera. 2._ its cause _ its cure was understood. 3._ seemed _ the water was

7、 to blame.inspiredexposedNeithernorIt that 1. challenge n. 挑戰(zhàn)；挑戰(zhàn)書(shū)；(比賽等的)邀請(qǐng) vt. 向某人挑戰(zhàn) Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge. 很多堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人面對(duì)這種困難都動(dòng)搖了。face a challenge 面臨挑戰(zhàn)meet the challenge of 迎接的挑戰(zhàn)accept / take a challenge 接受挑戰(zhàn)challenge sb. 挑戰(zhàn)某人challenge sb. to sth. 挑戰(zhàn)某人某事challenge sb. to d

8、o sth. 挑戰(zhàn)某人做某事根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子 (1)因此不管什么時(shí)候你面臨挑戰(zhàn)或麻煩，都要堅(jiān)信一切都會(huì)過(guò)去的，決不能放棄。 So anytime you _ or trouble, just believe it will be over and never give up. (2)他很自信，隨時(shí)接受對(duì)手任何挑戰(zhàn)。 He was very confident and always ready to _ of his opponent.are facing challengeaccept any challenge 2. control v. & n. 控制；掌管；限制；克制 The

9、government has imposed strict controls over the import of luxury goods. 政府對(duì)奢侈品的進(jìn)口采取了嚴(yán)格的管制。 lose control of / be out of control 失去控制 in / under the control of 在的控制/管理下 in control of 管理/控制根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)游艇失去了控制，并很快觸及附近岸邊一個(gè)巨大的巖石。 The motorboat was _ and soon it hit a huge rock near the bank.(2)小城鎮(zhèn)還是受叛

10、軍控制。 The small town was still_the rebels.out of controlin the control of(3)劉先生掌管整個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 Mr. Liu is _ the whole project.in control of 3. absorb vt.吸收，吸引；使專心，使全神貫注 He is absorbed in the study of science. 他專心致志于科學(xué)研究。 absorb oneself inbe absorbed in 全神貫注于 be absorbed in his business 忙于生意，業(yè)務(wù) be absorbed in

11、 a book 專心看書(shū)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)吸收墨水的紙稱為吸墨紙。 Paper that _ is called blotting paper.(2)他完全專心于他的業(yè)務(wù)。 He _ his business.absorbs inkis entirely absorbed in(3)那個(gè)聰明的男孩把他的老師所教的知識(shí)全部都吸收了。 The clever boy _ that his teachers could give him.absorbed all the knowledge 4. suspect v. 懷疑有，推測(cè)；對(duì)表示懷疑 n. 嫌疑犯，可疑分子 She has mo

12、re intelligence than we suspected her to possess. 她的智慧比我們猜想的要高。 suspect sth. 疑有某事 suspectthat從句懷疑 suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 懷疑某人(做過(guò))某事 suspect sb. to be 懷疑某人是根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)如果你懷疑有煤氣泄漏，不要?jiǎng)澔鸩?，甚至連電燈都不要開(kāi)。 If you _ a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.(2)他是該案件的首要嫌疑人。 He

13、is the prime _ of the case.suspectsuspect 5. blame vt. 責(zé)備，指責(zé)，歸咎于 n. 過(guò)失；責(zé)備 Dont blame the speaker but take his words as a warning. 言者無(wú)罪，聞?wù)咦憬洹?注意：be to blame中的blame不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 blame sb. for (doing) sth. 責(zé)備某人(做)某事 blame sth. on sb. 把歸咎于某人 be to blame (for) 應(yīng)受譴責(zé)，該受責(zé)備 bear / take the blame for sth. 對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé) pu

14、t / place / lay the blame on sb. for sth. 將某事歸咎于某人根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)許多孩子害怕講英語(yǔ)時(shí)犯錯(cuò)誤而受責(zé)備。 Many children are afraid of_making mistakes in speaking English.(2)不要總是把失敗歸咎于他人。有時(shí)該怪你自己。 Dont always _ your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame. being blamed forblame(3)那次事故不能怪孩子們。 The childre

15、n _ for the accident.were not to blame 6. instruct vt. 教導(dǎo)；命令；指示 My boss instructed me to type the letters quickly. 我的老板指示我趕快打好這些信件。 instruct sb. in sth. 教某人某事 instruct sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 instruct that 從句中應(yīng)用(should)動(dòng)詞原形根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)她教我使用電腦。 She instructed me _ (use) the computer.(2)法官命令立即釋放Tom

16、。 T h e j u d g e i n s t r u c t e d t h a t T o m (release)_ immediately.to use(should) be released 7. contribute vt. & vi. 捐獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)，捐助(常與to 搭配) Carelessness contributed to his errors. 粗心大意造成了他的錯(cuò)誤。 contribution n. 貢獻(xiàn)物；捐款contributeto (doing) sth. 把奉獻(xiàn)給contribute to (doing) sth. 有助于make a contribution /

17、 contributions to (doing) sth. 對(duì)作出貢獻(xiàn).用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空(1)那位作家親自捐贈(zèng)了5000美元給地震基金。 The writer personally contributed $5,000 _ the earthquake fund.(2)我相信你的建議有助于解決問(wèn)題。 Im sure your suggestion will contribute _ solving the problem. toto.用所給詞的正確形式填空(3)晚年他致力于土壤的研究工作。 In his later years he contributed to _ (research) t

18、he soil.(4)紙的發(fā)明是對(duì)人類文明的一大貢獻(xiàn)。 The invention of paper was a great _ (contribute) to human civilization. researchingcontribution 1. put forward 提出，提議，建議；推薦，薦舉；撥快(時(shí)鐘指針)；提前 He put forward a good suggestion in the meeting. 他在會(huì)議上提出了一個(gè)好建議。 put forward a plan / suggestion 提出一個(gè)計(jì)劃/建議 put away 收起來(lái)；存儲(chǔ) put back 放回

19、原處；撥慢(鐘表)；(使輪船)返回put down 放下；寫(xiě)下；鎮(zhèn)壓put in 插嘴；放進(jìn)去；投入put in a word for 替說(shuō)句話put in (for) 申請(qǐng)，提出要求；讓(報(bào)名)參加put out 出版put into force 實(shí)行，執(zhí)行用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空(1)我們得把會(huì)議提前。 We shall have to put the meeting _.(2)我有重要的事告訴經(jīng)理，請(qǐng)?zhí)嫖医油ㄋ碾娫挕?I have something important to tell the manager. Would you please put me _ to him?forwa

20、rdthrough(3)新法規(guī)上月開(kāi)始執(zhí)行。 The new law was put _ force last month.(4)多穿點(diǎn)衣服，外面太冷。 Put _ more clothes; it is very cold outside.(5)他最新的書(shū)上周出版了。 His latest book was put _ last week.intoonout 2. make sense 有道理；有意義；講得通；明智的 The sentence doesnt make sense. 這句子毫無(wú)意義。make sense of 弄懂；理解 in a sense 在某一方面；就某種意義來(lái)說(shuō) mak

21、e no sense 沒(méi)意義，講不通 come to ones sense 醒悟過(guò)來(lái)，蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) lose ones sense 喪失理智，失去知覺(jué) there is no / some sense in doing sth. 做某事是沒(méi)有/有些道理/意義的 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)他說(shuō)的毫無(wú)意義。 What he said _.(2)買(mǎi)最新的版本是明智的。 It _ to buy the most uptodate version.(3)我看不懂那幅畫(huà)。 I _ of that painting.makes no sensecant make sensemakes sense(4)早點(diǎn)

22、離開(kāi)是明智的。 It would _ early.(5)現(xiàn)在離開(kāi)是沒(méi)有道理的。 There is _ in leaving now.make sense to leaveno sense 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed_to_cholera. 但是當(dāng)他一想到要幫助那些受到霍亂威脅的普通百姓時(shí)，他就感到很振奮。 過(guò)去分詞具有形容詞性質(zhì)。它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)或動(dòng)作的完成。 (1)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)分前置和后置兩種。 前置定語(yǔ)通常不帶狀語(yǔ)，更不能有賓語(yǔ)。如：a con

23、quered army 一支被打敗的軍隊(duì)； a finished article 一篇已完成的文章。 后置定語(yǔ)通常被狀語(yǔ)修飾，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。如：a computer attacked by hackers a computer that / which is attacked by hackers 受黑客攻擊的電腦。 (2)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)總跟在系動(dòng)詞的后面，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。如：The vacuum cleaner is broken again. 吸塵器又壞了。用所給詞的正確形式填空(1)死于這次事故的這個(gè)人出生于倫敦。 The man _ (kill) i

24、n the accident was born in London.(2)這個(gè)小姑娘對(duì)你的話感到吃驚。 The little girl was _ (surprise) at your words.(3)她是一位受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的護(hù)士。 She is a _ (train) nurse.killedsurprisedetrained 2. The second suggested_that_people_absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二種說(shuō)法是吃飯的時(shí)候人們把這種病吸入體內(nèi)。 suggest也可表示“建議，提議”，

25、這時(shí)需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞形式是“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”。suggest在句中表示“表明，暗示”，這時(shí)從句中的動(dòng)詞不需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 I suggest that you (should) tear up the composition and start over again. 我建議你把這篇作文撕掉，再?gòu)念^開(kāi)始寫(xiě)。 課文中含suggest的句子還有： (1)The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. (2)To prevent this from happening again, John Snow sugg

26、ested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英文句子(1)這些事實(shí)表明在火星上沒(méi)有生命。 These facts suggest that_ on the Mars.(2)他建議我們休息一下。 He suggested (that) we _a rest.there is no life(should) have 3. Only_if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

27、只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清楚。 (1)only if意為“只要，只有”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，放句首、句末均可。放在句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。 (2)if only意為“如果就好了”，引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。 Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情況緊急時(shí)，你才可以在半夜叫醫(yī)生看病。用if only 或only if填空(1)要是我年輕些就好了。 _ I were younger！(2)只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)通過(guò)考試。 _ you stud

28、y hard, will you pass the exam. If onlyOnly if校園生活校園生活(基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作) 校園生活，這個(gè)話題可能涉及在校學(xué)習(xí)的課程，學(xué)校、班級(jí)或?qū)W生會(huì)等舉行的各項(xiàng)比賽；也包括學(xué)生的穿著、發(fā)型，還包括預(yù)習(xí)、復(fù)習(xí)、討論、歸納等學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)或教師的教學(xué)方法。 實(shí)用表達(dá)： 1學(xué)習(xí) put ones heart into 專注于study in groups 小組學(xué)習(xí)succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事set / achieve a goal 設(shè)立/達(dá)到目標(biāo)encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事prepare oneself

29、 for 為做好準(zhǔn)備be active in class 課堂上活躍、積極improve study methods / better ways of learning改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)方法have eight classes 上8節(jié)課learnby heart 熟記、背誦2成績(jī)fulfill ones dream 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想one of the top students 頂尖學(xué)生之一rank the first 排名第一have a good command of 熟練掌握make progress in 在方面取得進(jìn)步with good grades in 成績(jī)好pass the exam 考試及格f

30、ail in the test 考試不及格take an active part in 積極參加join in an English Contest 參加英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽3生活keep / observe school rules 遵守校規(guī)break school rules 違反校規(guī)live on ones own 獨(dú)立生活learn to be independent 學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立get on well with sb. / sth.與某人相處愉快/某事進(jìn)展順利help each other with sth. 互相幫助make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友be burdened w

31、ith great stress 肩負(fù)著巨大壓力have exam anxiety 考試焦慮feel anxious / down 覺(jué)得緊張、沮喪lose heart 失去信心handle pressure 處理壓力be neatly dressed 穿著整齊keep the environment clean 保持環(huán)境清潔cheat in an exam 考試作弊fight / quarrel with sb. 和某人打架、吵架throw rubbish / spit everywhere到處亂扔垃圾、吐痰do sports after school 放學(xué)后參加體育活動(dòng) 最近，北京某中學(xué)50

32、余名學(xué)生，因儀容不符合學(xué)校規(guī)定而被阻止進(jìn)校。對(duì)此現(xiàn)象，假如你昨天就 “Whats your opinion on the restriction on the students appearance？”在2600名同學(xué)中作了一個(gè)調(diào)查。以下是調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)：態(tài)度比例理由贊成57%只有養(yǎng)成良好的健康文明習(xí)慣，才能更好地投入到學(xué)習(xí)中去。反對(duì)33% 限制學(xué)生的個(gè)性發(fā)展。無(wú)所謂10%只要儀容能符合大多數(shù)人的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(aesthetic standard)就行。【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】 1調(diào)查的時(shí)間、問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象； 2同學(xué)們不同的觀點(diǎn)及其比例； 3你的看法及理由?！緦?xiě)作要求【寫(xiě)作要求】 只能使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全

33、部?jī)?nèi)容。 參考詞匯： rigid 嚴(yán)格的； suppress 抑制 第一步：審題，確定時(shí)態(tài)。 本篇基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作為表格類的基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作題，話題內(nèi)容為對(duì)中學(xué)生儀表問(wèn)題的調(diào)查。要點(diǎn)1用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，要點(diǎn)2,3用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 第二步：提煉要點(diǎn)，整合信息。 從【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】來(lái)看，只有3點(diǎn)要求，不能各成一句，否則不能滿足5個(gè)句子的要求。但是我們仔細(xì)分析所列的這三點(diǎn)要求，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我們可以對(duì)第二點(diǎn)要求進(jìn)行拆分，因此我們重新組織信息：第一句為調(diào)查的時(shí)間、問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；第二句為同學(xué)們贊成的理由及其比例；第3句為同學(xué)們反對(duì)的理由及其比例；第四句為同學(xué)們持無(wú)所謂的觀點(diǎn)的理由和比例。第五個(gè)要點(diǎn)為個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。 第三步： 整理好以后，

34、接下來(lái)就要考慮如何表達(dá)。 第一句為引入話題句，直接表達(dá)即可 Yesterday I did a survey among 2,600 students on “Whats your opinion on the restriction on the students appearance？”；可以把第二句中的“贊成”用定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示：who are in favor of the restriction，將后面的“投入到學(xué)習(xí)中”用devoteto來(lái)表達(dá)?？梢园训谌渲械摹胺磳?duì)”用some hold a different idea來(lái)表達(dá)；將所占比例用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：making up 33%

35、。第四句中的表達(dá)難點(diǎn)是 “無(wú)所謂”，我們可以使用makeno difference。第五句的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)中一定要有原因陳述。 第四步：挖掘句子間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，選擇合適的銜接過(guò)渡詞，以使文章連貫。 Yesterday I did a survey among 2,600 students on “Whats your opinion on the restriction on the students appearance？”. The survey shows that 57% of the students, who are in favor of the restriction, believe

36、 that students developing healthy and civilized habits can help devote themselves to study. However, some hold a different idea that the restriction will limit students personality development greatly, making up 33%. Inaddition,10% of the students still think that if the appearance looks beautiful a

37、nd satisfies the common aesthetic standard, what styles make no difference. As for myself, I strongly oppose this kind of rigid regulation because it suppresses the originality of the students. 【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】 假設(shè)你是李華，要給英國(guó)筆友Harry寫(xiě)封信，介紹你班兩位同學(xué)(Liu Dong and Wang Hong)競(jìng)選班長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。投票結(jié)果：Wang Hong以28比15票勝出，成為新班長(zhǎng)。全班

38、歡呼，Wang Hong也表示要盡力做好工作。【寫(xiě)作要求【寫(xiě)作要求】1只能使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容；2. 信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總句數(shù)。參考詞匯：競(jìng)選班長(zhǎng) monitor electionDear Harry, How are things going?_Best wishes，Li Hua One possible version： Dear Harry, How are things going? Last Monday, we held our first monitor election, so everyone was excited. Two of my classmat

39、es took part in the race; Liu Dong and Wang Hong, both of whom gave a speech telling us what they would do when they were elected, and then we voted for the monitor. The result was 28 to 15, in Wang Hongsfavor. Wang Hong became our new monitor. The whole class cheered for her, and she promised to do the best she could for all of us. Best wishes， Li Hua