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1、1(1)231.Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.(SB U13)選擇吃什么東西不再像以前那么容易了。4what to do是“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語(yǔ)，另外這一結(jié)構(gòu)也可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。例如：What to do next hasnt been decided yet.（主語(yǔ)）下一步該做什么還沒(méi)有決定。5The question is how to finish the work in time.（表語(yǔ)）問(wèn)題是如何按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。The key with which to open the do

2、or has been lost.開(kāi)這扇門(mén)的鑰匙不見(jiàn)了。（定語(yǔ)） All the students except John _(知道怎么回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題), because he fell asleep in class.They exchange their views _(關(guān)于選誰(shuí)的問(wèn)題)Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects7【答案】knew how to answer the questiono

3、n the question of whom to electBto expect 充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。82. Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life. (SB U13)只有這樣我們才能作好充分準(zhǔn)備，以應(yīng)對(duì)生活中的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。9(1)“only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí)要用倒裝句。即：only+副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句助動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(2)“only+主語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，主謂不能倒裝。Only Mary phoned me today. 只有瑪麗今天給我打了電話。 _(只有改變我們的生活方式我們

4、才能) save the earth. _(只有當(dāng)孩子長(zhǎng)大時(shí)才) understand his parents intention. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.(2008江蘇卷)A. Only if; will youB. Only if; you willC. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will11【答案】Only by changing the way we live can weOnly when a child grows up does he

5、A句意：只有正確飲食，你才能保持身材與健康。only+狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝，此句為only+if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。123.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful. (SB U14)我們必須盡力使我們的社區(qū)更好更美麗。asas we can是一個(gè)比較狀語(yǔ)從句，意思為“盡可能，盡力”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后省略了動(dòng)詞原形do。另外此結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式短語(yǔ)在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。 We must _(盡可能多地做) to make the situation better.She saved a

6、s much as she could _ her husband a Christmas gift.A. buy B. boughtC. to buy D. buying 【答案】do as much as we canC題意：為了給丈夫買(mǎi)圣誕禮物，她盡可能節(jié)省錢(qián)。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。141.考綱要求考查的八種基本時(shí)態(tài)；2.主句與從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)；動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)153.動(dòng)詞touch, feel, write, sell 等主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的用法；4.系動(dòng)詞的用法；5.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法。16時(shí)態(tài)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)的各種形式。英語(yǔ)一共有十六種時(shí)態(tài)，但常用的有

7、八種。下面對(duì)八種常用時(shí)態(tài)的主要用法作歸納、對(duì)比：17一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)須加-s或-es。（1）表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)及其他沒(méi)有時(shí)限的客觀存在。Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中國(guó)的東方。18（2）表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和always, often, frequently, seldom, sometimes, usually, every day/week/month，once (twice, several times) a week/month等狀

8、語(yǔ)連用。He seldom goes out alone.他很少一個(gè)人外出。19（3）表示將來(lái)的行為。按規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，多用于arrive, go, come, meet, leave, begin, start, open, close等。The bus leaves at 8 oclock.這班公交車(chē)8點(diǎn)鐘離開(kāi)。20在條件、時(shí)間和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中。I wont go to see a film if he doesnt come tomorrow.如果他明天不來(lái)，我不去看電影。Even if it rains tomorrow, I will go out for a picn

9、ic.即使明天下雨，我也出去野餐。212.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）表示此時(shí)此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Look! The children are flying the kites over there.看！孩子們正在那邊放風(fēng)箏。We are preparing for the meeting.我們正在準(zhǔn)備會(huì)議。22（2）表示最近計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（主要用于某些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的瞬間動(dòng)詞,如go, start, take off, leave, return, come等）。 I am coming. 我來(lái)了。23(3)與副詞always, constant

10、ly, continually, forever, all the time等連用，帶有感情色彩，表示對(duì)頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作的贊嘆、抱怨、生氣、批評(píng)或不耐煩等情緒。He is always thinking of others.(贊嘆)他總是為別人著想。24He is always asking his parents for money.（不滿）他老是向他父母要錢(qián)。She is constantly leaving her things about. （厭煩）她總是丟三落四。25(4)用于正在發(fā)展中的或正在改變的情況。 Technology is developing so rapidly

11、that having been used for only a year, my cellphone is out-of-date.科技發(fā)展如此之快，我的手機(jī)僅用了一年就過(guò)時(shí)了。26注意：注意：表示心理活動(dòng)、情感或所有關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如mind, think, believe, remember, know, love, hate, like, belong, have, own等。27一般將來(lái)時(shí)：有一般將來(lái)時(shí)：有6 6種表達(dá)方式種表達(dá)方式 （1）will/shall + do 表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如：tomorrow(tomorrow evening

12、/afternoon)/the day after tomorrow/next week/month 等。帶有情態(tài)的意思，常表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。28 Have you heard Jim was ill? Oh, sorry to hear that. Ill see him tonight.你聽(tīng)說(shuō)吉姆生病了嗎？哦，聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息很難過(guò)，今晚我去看他。29（2）表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come , go , start , begin , leave , stay , arrive等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃或安排將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。The plane leaves at 6

13、 oclock.飛機(jī)6點(diǎn)起飛。30（3）“be + doing”用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃和安排已準(zhǔn)備就緒將要發(fā)生的事情。When is he returning?他何時(shí)返回？（4）be going to do表示經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮和計(jì)劃，而且已作了某種準(zhǔn)備，打算做某事。 Im going to visit her this weekend.這個(gè)周末我去看望她。31注意：注意：條件狀語(yǔ)從句表將來(lái)，主句中不能用be going to do。If it is fine, we are going to go camping. (錯(cuò)誤)be going to 還可根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象，對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行推斷。There a

14、re lots of dark clouds. Its going to rain.烏云密布，要下雨了。32（5）be to do表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表命令、禁止、可能性、注定、許諾等。We are to meet at 8 oclock at the gate.我們將8點(diǎn)鐘在大門(mén)口會(huì)面。You are to tell the truth to the police.你應(yīng)該跟警察說(shuō)真話。33注意：注意：對(duì)于不受人們意志控制的動(dòng)作不能用be to do。He is to be fat. (錯(cuò)誤)He is going to be fat. (正確)他發(fā)胖了。34（6）be (jus

15、t) about to do=be on the point of doing表示“即將，就要”做的事，后面不能接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句，但可和when, as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句連用。I was about to cook when someone knocked at the door.我正準(zhǔn)備去燒飯這時(shí)有人敲門(mén)。35一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 (be was/were) ( do did)36（1）表示過(guò)去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, the day before yesterday, la

16、st week/month/year , ago, once, just now, the other day, in 1949/2008 等。The other day I ran into an old friend in the street.那天我在街上碰到了一個(gè)老朋友。37（2）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的一連串的動(dòng)作。 He got up, had breakfast and went to work.他起床，吃早餐，然后去上班。（3）Its (high/about) time (that)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式Its time you studied.到學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間了。38（4） wish( th

17、at )+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 （對(duì)現(xiàn)在的希望）I wish I were a bird . She wishes she had a big house.我希望我是一只鳥(niǎo)。她希望自己有一所大房子。39（5） would rather (that)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式I would rather you came today/tomorrow.我寧愿你今天/明天來(lái)。402.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或頻繁發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I was watching TV at 8 oclock yesterday evening.昨天晚上八點(diǎn)鐘我正在看電視。41（2）表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 While I was cooking, he fell asleep. 我在燒飯時(shí)，他睡著了。